Nā mea hōʻailona kino o ka INF Treaty-2 Vol. ʻekahi

ʻO Serial Iranian Soumar e hana ana i nā missiles ma kahi hale hana.

Me he mea lā ʻaʻohe manaʻolana i kēia manawa no ka hoʻomaka ʻana i nā kūkākūkā e pili ana i kahi kuʻikahi hou e pāpā ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pahi kaua ʻāina me ka laulā o 500÷5500 km. Eia nō naʻe, inā e hoʻopau ʻia kēlā kuʻikahi, nui nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e kau inoa iā ia ma mua o ka mea i ʻae ʻia i ka makahiki 1988 e ka "Agreement on the Total Elimination of Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces," i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo ka INF Treaty. I kēlā manawa ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ka Soviet Union. Aia ia mau missiles i kēia manawa: ka People's Republic of China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Republic of India, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Israel, the Republic of Korea, the Kingdom of Saudi. ʻArabia… i pāpā ʻia paha e kēlā kuʻikahi.

ʻO ke kulekele o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea kaua no nā pūʻali koa Iranian he mea maʻamau. ʻO kēia ʻāina, kahi mea kūʻai aku i ka nui o ka aila ʻaila (ma 2018, ʻo ia ka ʻehiku o ka mea hana nui ma ka honua), hiki ke kūʻai aku i nā mea kaua kiʻekiʻe loa, e like me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe ma ke Kaiwa Persian, a i ka wā i hala aku nei. Libya a me Venezuela. Eia kekahi, pono ʻo Iran i kahi pūʻali koa ikaika no ka mea ua hakakā ʻo ia me Saudi Arabia no nā makahiki he nui, hoʻohana i ka ʻōlelo hoʻomāinoino loa e kūʻē i ka ʻIseraʻela, a ʻo ia ka pahuhopu o nā ʻōlelo like ʻole mai ka US.

I kēia manawa, kūʻai aku ʻo Iran i nā mea kaua liʻiliʻi mai nā ʻāina ʻē. Ma hope o ke kauoha ʻana i ka nui o nā mea kaua maʻalahi mai Rūsia a me Kina i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 90, ʻike ʻia no ka uku ʻana i nā poho nui o nā lako i loaʻa i ke kaua me Iraq, ua mālama ka Islamic Republic i nā kūʻai i ka liʻiliʻi. ʻO kahi hoʻokomo i manaʻo ʻole ʻia o ka ʻenehana mokulele hou loa ka lele ʻana o nā mokulele Iraqi he nui i Iran i ka wā Desert Storm i 1991. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ua kūʻai nui ʻia nā mea hana no nā ʻāpana pale ea. ʻO kēia: nā ʻōnaehana Soviet S-200VE, ka Russian Tori-M1 a, ka hope loa, ka S-300PMU-2 a me kekahi mau kikowaena radar. Eia naʻe, ua kūʻai ʻia lākou ma mua o ka mea e pono ai, no ka laʻana, e pale i nā kikowaena ʻoihana koʻikoʻi a me nā hoʻonohonoho kaua. Ua hana pū ʻia nā hoʻopukapuka ma nā missiles anti-ship China a me nā ʻano o nā moku missile liʻiliʻi.

Ma kahi o ka lawe ʻana mai, ua kālele ʻo Iran i ke kūʻokoʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi. ma ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i kā lākou mau mea kaua ponoʻī. ʻO nā ʻanuʻu mua i kēia ala i lawe ʻia i nā makahiki 70 e Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, ke aliʻi ʻike mamao loa o Iran hou. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻāina, ka holomua o ka nohona a me ka secularization, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ke kākoʻo kaiāulu, i hōʻoia ʻia e ka Islamic Revolution o 1979, a ma hope o ka hapa nui o nā mea i hoʻokō ʻia e Shah. Ua paʻakikī hoʻi ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻoihana kaua. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ma muli o ke kipi, ma waho aʻe o nā pūʻali koa, ua puka mai kahi komisina kūloko hou no ia hana - ka Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, pasdarans. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia hoʻokumu ʻana ma ke ʻano he ʻano hoʻohālikelike i nā pūʻali koa paʻa ʻole i ka politika, akā ua hoʻokumu koke iā ia iho a ulu aʻe i ka nui o nā pūʻali like me kona pūʻali koa ea, navy a me nā pūʻali missile.

No kahi ʻāina i loaʻa ʻole kahi kuʻuna ma ke kahua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea kaua holomua, a ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o kāna kumu ʻepekema a me ka ʻoihana, ʻo ke koho kūpono o nā mea nui a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā pūʻali maikaʻi loa ma luna o lākou he mea nui loa, ʻo ia. nā limahana kūpono a me nā kumuwaiwai maikaʻi loa ma ke ʻano o kahi keʻena hana a me ka waihona hana.

I ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā missiles holo moana (ʻike ʻia hoʻi nā missiles cruise), ʻelua mau wahi koʻikoʻi - nā ʻōnaehana propulsion a me nā mea hoʻokele. Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka glider ma luna o nā hoʻonā mokulele maʻamau, a ʻo ke poʻo kaua hiki ke lilo i pū kī nui-caliber a i ʻole he pōkā lewa. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka nele o kahi mīkini hou ke kumu o ka pōkole a me ka hilinaʻi haʻahaʻa o ka missile, a ʻo ka hiki ʻole o nā mea hoʻokele pololei ke kumu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa a me ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻohana i kahi ala lele paʻakikī, e paʻakikī ke ʻike a keakea i ka missile.

No nā mea hoʻokele, i ka hihia o nā missiles holo moana, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā hopena mai nā mea hana ʻē aʻe. Ua kālele ʻo Iran i nā kaʻa mokulele unmanned i nā makahiki he nui aku nei, mai nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a i nā kaʻa mokulele unmanned lōʻihi. I ka wā mua, he mau hale kahiko kēia, akā ua hoʻomaikaʻi mālie a hoʻomanawanui lākou iā lākou. No kēia, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻonā i kope ʻia mai nā mīkini haole like. Ua kūʻai aku nā "kālepa" Iranian i nā drones civila i nā wahi āpau e hiki ai iā lākou, me ka ʻIseraʻela. Ua kauoha pū ʻia kahi ʻimi maoli no ka haki ʻana o kēia ʻano mea i loaʻa ma ka ʻāina i hoʻomalu ʻia e nā pūʻali pro-Iranian ma Suria, Lebanona, Iraq, Yemen ... Ua hele pololei kekahi o nā kaʻa i Iran, no ka mea. ʻO ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, akā ʻo ʻIseraʻela paha, ua hoʻouna pinepine i nā drones reconnaissance a hohonu ma luna o ka ʻāina o ka Islamic Republic. Ua hāʻule kekahi, ua pana ʻia kekahi e nā ʻōnaehana pale ea. ʻO kekahi o nā "kulu" kupaianaha loa ʻo ia ka ʻAmelika Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel huna a hiki i kēia manawa, i hāʻule ʻole i ka lima o ka Pasdarites i Dekemaba 2011. Ma kahi o ka kope kope ʻana i nā kaʻa mokulele unmanned a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hopena i kope ʻia i kā lākou hoʻomohala ʻana, hiki i ka poʻe Iranian ke hoʻohana i kekahi o kā lākou mau mea i ka hana ʻana i nā missiles holo moana. ʻO ka mea nui paha ka mea hoʻokele. Hiki ke hoʻohana i nā hōʻailona mai nā mea hoʻokele ukali a me nā mea hoʻokele inertial. He mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi nā ʻōnaehana hoʻopaʻa gyroscopic, nā lako autopilot, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā pūpū "Nase" (i ka camouflage) a me nā pahuhopu "Nasser".

Ma ke kahua o nā mīkini missile cruise, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kūlana. ʻOiai hiki i nā rockets māmā ke hoʻohana i nā ʻōnaehana propulsion pāʻoihana, ʻoiai nā ʻenekini piston, pono nā rockets hou i kekahi mau hoʻolālā engine. ʻO ka ʻike i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā kaʻa kaʻa rocket, ka mea maʻamau e hāʻawi i ka pahu kiʻekiʻe akā pōkole ke ola a maikaʻi hoʻi no ke alakaʻi ʻana i kahi rocket i kahi ala ballistic haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, he kōkua ʻuʻuku. Ua like ka pahi kaua holo moku me ka mokulele - e neʻe ana ia ma kahi ala palahalaha me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana o ka ʻēheu, a pono e mālama ʻia kona wikiwiki e ka hana mau o ka ʻenekini. ʻO ia ʻenekini e liʻiliʻi, māmā a waiwai. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā Turbojets no nā missiles lōʻihi, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mīkini turbojet no nā missiles kiʻekiʻe a me ka pōkole. ʻAʻohe ʻike o nā mea hoʻolālā Iran ma kēia wahi, ʻo ia ka mea e ʻimi lākou i ke kōkua ma waho.

He mea maikaʻi loa ia no ka Iranian cruise missile program e kiʻi i nā hale ʻē aʻe no kekahi kumu a i ʻole. Ua ʻike ʻia ka naʻauao Iranian ua ikaika loa ia ma Iraq mai ka hopena o ka Desert Storm a kokoke loa i hopu i nā koena o nā missiles Tomahawk i hāʻule. ʻIke ʻia, ua "nalo" kekahi o kēia mau missiles i ka wā o ka hoʻouka mua ʻana a hāʻule i ka ʻāina ʻo Iran. ʻO ka hapahā o ke kenekulia ma hope mai, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kekahi o nā missiles Caliber-NK mai nā moku Lūkini ma ke Kai Caspian ma ʻOkakopa 7, 2015 e kūʻē i nā pahuhopu ma Suria i hāʻule a hāʻule i ka ʻāina ʻo Iran.