E hoʻoikaika i ka "Falcon jump".
ʻO kahi kokoke o ka Dutch C-130H-30, aia ma ke poʻo o nā mokulele mokulele kahi e pae ai nā paratroopers.
Ma Kepakemapa 9-21, 2019, e like me kēlā me kēia makahiki, mālama ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa Falcon Jump ma Netherlands. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa e ka māhele 336th o ka Royal Netherlands Air Force a me ka 11th airborne brigade o ka Royal Land Forces. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā limahana ea a me ka ʻāina i ka pae ʻana a me ka lele ʻana. Ua hoʻomākaukau pū nā paratroopers no ka hoʻolauleʻa makahiki o Operation Market Garden. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i like ka nui o ka poʻe paratroopers i komo i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me ka hoʻolauleʻa ʻana i ka hana i ka nui o ka poʻe i komo pololei. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka 1200 jumpers he pilikia nui, e like me kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Ma hope o ka pae ʻana o Normandy i Iune 6, 1944, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hui Allied i loko o Farani, ua hoʻomaka ʻo British Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery e hoʻoikaika e uhaki i mua o ka poʻe Kelemania ma kahi pae hoʻolālā e like me ka hiki. Ua manaʻo ʻo ia ma hope o ka pio ʻana o nā koa Kelemania ma Farani, ua pio mua ʻo Kelemania. I kona manaʻo, hiki ke hoʻopau koke ʻia ke kaua ma ka uhai ʻana i ka Netherlands a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka ʻāina mua o Kelemania. ʻOiai ke kānalua nei, ua ʻae ka Luna Nui Allied ma ʻEulopa, ʻo General Dwight Eisenhower, e alakaʻi i ka Operation Market Garden.
ʻO ke kumu o kēia hana mokulele Allied nui loa ʻo ia ka hele ʻana ma waena o ka ʻāina o Netherlands, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, ua ʻoki ʻia e nā kahawai paʻakikī a me nā kahawai. No laila, ʻo ka mea mua, pono e haku i nā alahaka ma waena o nā pale wai - ma nā kahawai ʻo Meuse, Vaal (kahi tributary o ka Rhine) a ma ka Rhine ma Netherlands. ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka hana ʻo ia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka Netherlands hema mai ka noho Kelemania ma mua o ka Kalikimaka 1944 a wehe i ke alanui i Kelemānia. ʻO ka hana i loaʻa i kahi mea ea (Market) e hopu i nā alahaka a me kahi hoʻouka kaua mai Belgium (Sad) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā alahaka āpau e hopu ai i ke alahaka ʻo Rhine ma ka ʻāina Kelemania.
Ua makemake nui ka papahana a he mea koʻikoʻi kona hoʻokō wikiwiki ʻana i kona holomua. ʻO ka hana a ka XXX British Corps ka lanakila ʻana i ka mamao mai ka palena me Belgium a i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Arnhem ma ka palena me Kelemania i nā lā ʻekolu. E hiki wale no keia ina aole i poino na uwapo a pau ma ke ala. Na ka US 101st Airborne Division (DPD) e hopu i nā alahaka ma waena o Eindhoven a me Vegel. ʻO ka mahele ʻelua o ʻAmelika, ʻo ka 82nd DPD, e noho i nā alahaka ma waena o Grave a me Nijmegen. ʻO ka British 1st DPD a me ka Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade i kū i ka hana paʻakikī loa. E hopu lākou i ʻekolu mau alahaka ma ka ʻāina ʻenemi ma Lower Rhine ma Arnhem. Ina ua holopono loa ka Operation Market Garden, ina ua hookuuia ka hapa nui o ka aina o Netherlands, e oki ana i na koa Kelemania ma ka aoao akau o ka aina, a ua lukuia ke alahele 100-kilomita e alakai pololei ana i Kelemania. Mai laila mai, mai ke alahaka ma Arnhem, e neʻe aku nā Allies i ka hikina i ka Ruhr, ka ʻāina ʻoihana ʻoihana o Kelemania.
ʻAʻole o ka papahana
Ma ka la 17 o Sepatemaba, 1944, ua pae mua me ka pilikia ole. Akā naʻe, ua ala koke mai nā pilikia nui a me nā pilikia. Ua mamao loa ka pae ʻāina Pelekāne i ke komohana o Arnhem a hoʻokahi wale nō bataliona i hiki i ke alahaka nui. Ua kū ʻo XXX Corps i ke ahiahi ma Valkensvärd no ka mea ua puhi ʻia ke alahaka ma Sona e nā Kelemania. ʻAʻole a hiki i ka lā 19 o Kepakemapa i kūkulu ʻia ai kahi alahaka no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻAʻole i lanakila koke nā ʻAmelika i pae i Groesbeck i ka hopu ʻana i ke alahaka ʻo Nijmegen. Ma ia lā hoʻokahi, ua hoʻāʻo ka poʻe Pelekania, i hoʻoikaika ʻia e nā ʻale o ka pae ʻana, e wāwahi i ke alahaka ma Arnhem, akā ua hoʻohuli ʻia lākou e nā hui Kelemania i komo wikiwiki. Ua nalowale kekahi mau ʻōpala a ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā koena o ka DPD mua i Oosterbeek.
Ma ka la 20 o Sepatemaba, ua kaa aku ka poe Amerika ma ka muliwai o Waal ma na waapa a ua hopu ia ke alahaka o Nijmegen ia lakou. Ua ʻike ʻia naʻe, ua lohi loa kēia, ʻoiai ua hoʻopuni nā Kelemania i ka pūʻali koa kokoke i Arnhem a ua hopu hou ʻia ke alahaka e lākou. Ua pae ka poʻe Polish brigade ma Driel i ka lā 21 Kepakemapa me ka manaʻolana e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke alahaka ʻo Oosterbeek ma ke ʻano he ala ʻē aʻe ma luna o Lower Rhine, akā ua lilo kēia i mea maoli ʻole. ʻO ka poʻe Pelekania ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hāʻule ʻana, a ʻo ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā pūʻali koa ma ke alahele mai Eindhoven a Arnhem ua hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā hoʻouka kaua Kelemania mai nā ʻaoʻao. No laila, ua kapa ʻia ke ala ʻelua ʻelua ma waena o Eindhoven a me Arnhem ʻo "alanui i Gehena".
Ma ka lā 22 o Kepakemapa, 1944, ua uhaki nā pūʻali koa Kelemania ma ke ala haiki pili kokoke i ke kauhale o Vegel. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka pio ʻana o nā pūʻali Allied ma Arnhem, ʻoiai ua hoʻopaʻa pū nā Kelemania i nā Pelekane ma waenakonu o Arnhem. No laila, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka Operation Market Garden ma 24 Kepakemapa. Ma ka pō o 25/26 Kepakemapa, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā koa hope 2000 mai Oosterbeek ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai. Ua ʻae kēia mau kūleʻa i nā Kelemania e pale aku iā lākou iho no ʻeono mahina. Ua kapa ʻia kēia pio ʻana he "alahaka mamao loa", ma ka ʻōlelo kaulana a British General Browning.
