wahi hoʻolapalapa o ka wai kaʻa
Manaʻo hoʻopili
ʻO ke kumu o ka hana ʻana o kahi ʻōnaehana brake hou e pili ana i ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka ikaika mai ka pedal a i nā pad brake ma o hydraulics. Ua lōʻihi ka manawa o nā kaʻa mechanical maʻamau i nā kaʻa kaʻa. I kēia lā, hana ka ea a i ʻole ka wai ma ke ʻano he mea lawe ikehu. Ma nā kaʻa kaʻa, ma kahi kokoke i 100% o nā hihia, he hydraulic nā kaʻa.
ʻO Hydraulics ma ke ʻano he mea lawe ikehu ke kau nei i kekahi mau kaohi i nā waiwai kino o ka wai kaʻa.
ʻO ka mea mua, pono e hoʻomāinoino ʻia ka wai o ka pahu i nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka ʻōnaehana a ʻaʻole e hoʻokau i ka hāʻule koke no kēia kumu. ʻO ka lua, pono e ʻae ka wai i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa. A ʻo ke kolu, he mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻopili.
Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau koi, nui nā mea ʻē aʻe i wehewehe ʻia ma ka standard FMVSS No. 116 o ka US Department of Transportation. Akā i kēia manawa e nānā mākou i hoʻokahi mea: incompressibility.
Hōʻike mau ʻia ka wai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana brake i ka wela. Hana ʻia kēia i ka wā e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ai ka wela mai nā pads a me nā diski ma o nā ʻāpana metala o ka chassis o ke kaʻa, a me ka friction wai o loko ke neʻe nei i kahi ʻōnaehana me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe. Ke hiki i kekahi paepae wela, e paila ka wai. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi plug kinoea, e like me nā kinoea, hiki ke hoʻopili maʻalahi.
Ua uhai ʻia kekahi o nā koi nui no ka wai hoʻopaʻa: lilo ia i compressible. Pau nā kaʻa, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i ka ikehu mai ka pedal i nā pad. ʻO ke kaomi ʻana i ka pedal e hoʻopaʻa wale i ka pahu kinoea. Aneane ʻaʻohe ikaika i hoʻohana ʻia i nā pads. No laila, ua hā'awi 'ia ka mana'o kūikawā e like me ke kumu ho'olapalapa o ka wai ka'a.
Ka helu hoʻolapalapa ʻana o nā ʻano wai kaʻa
I kēia mau lā, holo nā kaʻa kaʻa ma nā papa ʻehā o nā wai hoʻomaha: DOT-3, DOT-4, DOT-5.1 a me DOT-5. ʻO nā mea mua ʻekolu he glycol a polyglycol base me ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi hapa liʻiliʻi o nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui ai i ka hana o ka wai. Hana ʻia ka wai pahu DOT-5 ma ke kumu silicone. ʻO ka paila paila o kēia mau wai i ko lākou ʻano maʻemaʻe mai kekahi mea hana ʻaʻole i haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kiko i hōʻike ʻia ma ka maʻamau:
- DOT-3 - ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 205°C;
- DOT-4 - ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 230°C;
- DOT-5.1 - ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 260°C;
- DOT-5 - ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 260°C;
Hoʻokahi hiʻohiʻona ko Glycols a me polyglycols: he hygroscopic kēia mau mea. ʻO ia ke ʻano hiki iā lākou ke hōʻiliʻili i ka makū mai ka lewa i kā lākou leo. Eia kekahi, hui maikaʻi ka wai me nā wai hoʻoheheʻe glycol a ʻaʻole e kahe. Hoʻemi nui kēia i ka paila paila. Hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻia hoʻi ka maʻu i ka wahi maloʻo o ka wai kaʻa.
ʻO kēia ka helu helu paila maʻamau no nā wai humidified (me ka wai o 3,5% o ka nui o ka nui):
- DOT-3 - ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 140°C;
- DOT-4 - ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 155°C;
- DOT-5.1 - ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 180°C.
Ma kahi kaʻawale, hiki iā ʻoe ke kuhikuhi i ka papa wai silicone DOT-5. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi ʻia ka wai i kona nui a hoʻoheheʻe i ka manawa, hoʻohaʻahaʻa hoʻi ka wai i ka pae paila. Hōʻike ka maʻamau i ka helu hoʻolapalapa o kahi wai DOT-3,5 i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia he 5% ma kahi pae ʻaʻole haʻahaʻa ma lalo o 180°C. Ma keʻano he kūlana,ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka waiwai maoli o nā wai silicone ma mua o ke kūlana. A ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka hōʻiliʻili wai ma DOT-5 he liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ke ola lawelawe o nā wai glycol ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka nui o ka wai a me ka emi ʻana o ka paila ʻana mai 2 a 3 mau makahiki, no ka wai silicone - ma kahi o 5 mau makahiki.
