ʻO ke ʻano o ka antifreeze a me kāna mau waiwai
Nā mea
ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā waiwai
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka ʻano qualitative o antifreeze mai nā analogues haole. Aia nā ʻokoʻa i ka pākēneka o nā ʻāpana. Aia i loko o ka waihona ho'olu'u ka wai i ho'ohehe'e 'ia a i ho'ohehe'e 'ia paha, ethanediol a i 'ole propanediol alcohols, anti-corrosion additives a me ka wai kala. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻohui ʻia kahi reagent buffer (sodium hydroxide, benzotriazole) a me kahi defoamer, polymethylsiloxane.
E like me nā mea hoʻoluʻu ʻē aʻe, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka antifreeze i ka mahana crystallization o ka wai a hoʻemi i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hau i ka wā hau. Mālama kēia i ka pōʻino o ka ʻaʻahu o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. Loaʻa iā ia ka lubricating a me nā waiwai anti-corrosion.
He aha ka mea i loko o ka antifreeze?
Ua ʻike ʻia he mau ʻumikūmālua antifreeze "recipes" - ma nā inorganic inhibitors a ma nā carboxylate a i ʻole nā lobrid analogues. Hōʻike ʻia ka haku mele maʻamau o ka antifreeze ma lalo nei, a me ka pākēneka a me ke kuleana o nā mea kemika.
- Nā Glycols
Monohydric a polyhydric alcohols - ethylene glycol, propanediol, glycerin. I ka launa pū ʻana me ka wai, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka pae maloʻo o ka hopena hope, a hoʻonui pū ʻia ka paila o ka wai. Maʻiʻo: 25–75%.
- Wai
Hoʻohana ʻia ka wai deionized. Mea hoʻoheheʻe nui. Wehe i ka wela mai nā wahi hana wela. Pākēneka - mai 10 a 45%.
- Nā lama
ʻO ka Antifreeze A-40 he uliuli ke kala, e hōʻike ana i kahi pae maloʻo (-40 ° C) a me kahi paila o 115 ° C. Aia kekahi analogue ʻulaʻula me kahi kiko crystallization o -65 ° C. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Uranine, ka paʻakai sodium o fluorescein, i mea pena. Pākēneka: emi iho ma mua o 0,01%. ʻO ke kumu o ka wai kala ʻo ia ka ʻike maka i ka nui o ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa i loko o ka pahu hoʻonui, a lawelawe pū kekahi e ʻike i nā leaks.
Nā mea hoʻohui - nā mea hoʻopaneʻe corrosion a me nā defoamers
Ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, hoʻohana mau ʻia nā mea hoʻololi inorganic. Aia kekahi mau ʻano mea hoʻoluʻu e pili ana i nā mea hoʻopaneʻe hoʻohuihui organik, silicate a me polymer.
| Hoʻohui mea | Papa | Nā mea |
| Nitrites, nitrates, phosphates a me ka sodium borates. Metala silicates alkali
| ʻAnoʻano | 0,01 - 4% |
| ʻElua, ʻekolu mau ʻakika carboxylic kumu a me ko lākou mau paʻakai. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā ʻakika succinic, adipic a me decandioic. | Organic | 2 - 6% |
| ʻO nā polymers silikino, polymethylsiloxane | Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe polymer composite (lobrid). | 0,0006 - 0,02% |
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā Defoamers e hōʻemi i ka huʻa ʻana o ka antifreeze. Kāohi ʻo Foaming i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wela a hana i kahi pilikia o ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o nā bearings a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe me nā huahana corrosion.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka antifreeze a me ke ola lawelawe
Ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kala o ka antifreeze, hiki i kekahi ke hoʻoholo i ke kūlana o ka mea hoʻomaha. Loaʻa i ka antifreeze hou ke kala ʻulaʻula uliuli. I ka wā o ka hana, loaʻa ka wai i kahi ʻulaʻula melemele, a laila nalowale loa ke kala. Loaʻa kēia ma muli o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o nā mea hoʻopaneʻe corrosion, e hōʻailona ana i ka pono e hoʻololi i ka mea hoʻomaha. I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻo ke ola lawelawe o ka antifreeze he 2-5 mau makahiki.
