E hoʻohui i ka wai kaʻa me ka bleach. He aha ka hopena?
Nā mea
Hoʻohui ʻia o nā ʻāpana a me nā reagents
Loaʻa nā polyglycols - nā ʻano polymeric o polyhydric alcohols (ethylene glycol a propylene glycol), boric acid polyesters a me nā mea hoʻololi. ʻO ka Chlorine ka hypochlorite, hydroxide a me ka calcium chloride. ʻO ka reagent nui i loko o ka wai kaʻa he polyethylene glycol, a ma ka bleach - hypochlorite. Aia kekahi ʻano wai o nā huahana hale i loko o ka chlorine, kahi e lawelawe ai ka sodium hypochlorite ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokahe.
Hoʻomaka i ka wehewehe
Inā hoʻohui ʻoe i ka wai bleach a me ka wai haki, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka hopena ikaika me ka hoʻokuʻu nui ʻana o ke kinoea. ʻAʻole hiki koke ka pilina, akā ma hope o 30-45 kekona. Ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi geyser, ʻā nā huahana kinoea, kahi e pau pinepine ai i kahi pahū.
ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia e hana i ka hoʻokolohua ma ka home. No ke kaʻina hana, pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā mea pale, a pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka hopena i loko o kahi fume hood a i ʻole ma kahi ākea ma kahi mamao palekana.
ʻano hana hoʻokō
I ka hoʻokolohua, hoʻohana ʻia ka bleach i hoʻomākaukau hou ʻia. Ma kahi o ka bleach, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka sodium hypochlorite, kahi i loaʻa i ka 95% chlorine i loaʻa. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, pau ka paʻakai hypochlorite me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka chlorine atomic:
NaOCl → NaO+ + CI-
ʻO ka hopena o ka chloride ion e hoʻopaʻa i ka mole o ka ethylene glycol (polyethylene glycol), kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka destabilization o ka hale polymer a me ka hāʻawi hou ʻana i ka density electron. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka monomer, formaldehyde, mai ke kaulahao polymer. Hoʻololi ʻia ka molekala ethylene glycol i radical electrophilic, e hana pū me kahi ion chloride ʻē aʻe. I ka pae aʻe, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka acetaldehyde mai ka polymer, a ʻo ka mea hope loa ka alkene maʻalahi, ethylene. ʻO ka papahana hoʻokaʻawale maʻamau penei:
Polyethylene glycol ⇒ Formaldehyde; Acetaldehyde; Ethylene
ʻO ka luku luku ʻana o ka ethylene glycol ma lalo o ka hana o ka chlorine e hele pū me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka wela. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ethylene a me ka formaldehyde nā kinoea hiki ke puhi ʻia. No laila, ma muli o ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka hui ʻana, ʻā nā huahana kinoea. Inā ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka pane ʻana, hiki ke pahū ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hui kinoea-wai.
No ke aha ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka hopena?
ʻO ka manawa pinepine i ka hui ʻana i ka wai hoʻomaha a me ka bleach, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike ʻia. Hana ʻia kēia no nā kumu penei:
- Ua ho'ohana 'ia ka wai ho'oma'ema'e hale kahiko
Ke mālama ʻia ma waho, hoʻoheheʻe mālie ka calcium hypochlorite i ka calcium carbonate a me ka calcium chloride. Hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻike o ka chlorine ikaika i 5%.
- Mahana haʻahaʻa
No ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hopena, pono ia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka wai kaʻa i kahi mahana o 30-40 ° C
- ʻAʻole lawa ka manawa i hala
Loaʻa ka hopena kaulahao radical me ka piʻi mālie o ka wikiwiki. Ma kahi o 1 minuke e ʻike ʻia ai nā loli ʻike.
I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ka mea e hiki mai inā hui ʻia ka bleach me ka wai hoʻomaha a me ke ʻano o ka pilina.
