I ka mahana hea e maloʻo ai ka wai kaʻa?
Wahi hoʻoheheʻe wai kaʻa e like me ka maʻamau
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole ʻaʻohe ʻano hoʻomaʻamaʻa koʻikoʻi no ka hana ʻana i nā wai kīwaha. ʻO ka maʻamau i kūkulu ʻia a hoʻokō ʻia e ka US Department of Transportation (DOT) e wehewehe i nā koi wai liʻiliʻi no nā ʻōnaehana hydraulic brake. Akā ʻaʻohe ʻāpana koʻikoʻi a i ʻole nā papa.
No ka laʻana, no ka wahi paila o kahi wai kaʻa, hōʻike ʻia ka palena haʻahaʻa. No ka huahana DOT-4 maʻamau i ka Russian Federation, ʻaʻole i emi kēia helu ma mua o +230 ° C. I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai paila DOT-4 i hoʻonui ʻole ʻia me ka wai ma mua o +260°C.
ʻIke ʻia kahi kūlana like me ka helu ninini. ʻAʻole hoʻoponopono ka maʻamau i ka pae maloʻo ponoʻī, akā ʻo ka viscosity ma -40 ° C hau. Hōʻuluʻulu ka papa ma lalo i ka viscosity hiki ke ʻae ʻia i kēia mahana no nā wai kaʻa o kēia manawa.
| DOT-3 | 1500 cSt |
| DOT-4 | 1800 cSt |
| DOT-5 | 900 cSt |
| DOT-5.1 | 900 cSt |
Ua ʻae ʻia kēia mau waiwai āpau no ka hana ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana brake i hoʻolālā ʻia no kahi wai i nā mahana a hiki i -40 ° C. No ka hana ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻole kuleana ka maʻamau no nā DOT maʻamau. No nā piʻi ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi, ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā ʻano hoʻololi o ka wai kaʻa, kahi e kau ai ka manaʻo i nā ʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ka mahana maloʻo maoli a me kona manaʻo pono
ʻO ka wai kaʻa kaʻa i ke kuleana o ka lawe ʻana i ka ikehu mai ka master brake cylinder i nā limahana. Ke kaomi nei ʻoe i ka pedal brake, hoʻokumu ʻia ke kaomi ma ka torus cylinder nui, e pālahalaha ana ma ka laina, e hana ana i nā pistons o nā cylinders hana a kaomi i nā pads i nā disc.
Ke hiki i kekahi viscosity, ʻaʻole hiki i ka wai ke haki i nā laina haiki a lōʻihi. A pau nā kaʻa, a paʻakikī loa kā lākou hana. Wahi a nā manaʻo like ʻole, no nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole, aia kēia paepae ma ka laulā o 2500-3000 cSt.
I ka mahana hea e maloʻo ai ka wai ʻōpala i nā kūlana maoli? He nui nā hoʻokolohua ʻana o ka pūnaewele me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana o nā ʻano wai ʻokoʻa ma lalo o -40 ° C. Penei ke ʻano: ʻo nā wai a pau, i ka wā e hele ai i ka wela koʻikoʻi, mau nō ka wai, a ma ke kumumanaʻo e hana maʻamau lākou i ka ʻōnaehana brake. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka viscosity o nā wai haʻahaʻa a me nā koho DOT haʻahaʻa i ka wā hoʻoluʻu.
I ka hiki ʻana i ka māka -50°C, ʻo ka hapa nui o DOT-3 a me DOT-4 e lilo i meli a i ʻole paʻakikī paha i kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi (nā koho haʻahaʻa). A ʻo kēia me ke ʻano he hou ka wai, ʻaʻole i hoʻonui ʻia me ka wai. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka paepae kūpaʻa hau e 5-10 ° C.
ʻOi aku ke kūpaʻa ʻana o nā wai hoʻoheheʻe silicone a me nā mea hoʻohua e pili ana i nā polyglycols (DOT-5.1). Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o kēia mau wai a kokoke i -50°C. A he paʻakikī ke ʻōlelo inā e hana lākou i nā ʻōnaehana i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā koho wai hoʻopaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
No laila, hoʻokahi wale nō hopena e hiki ke huki ʻia: ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻaʻole e maloʻo ka wai o ka pahu i nā mahana a hiki i -40 ° C, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka maʻamau.
