ʻO ka manaʻo o Poznan no ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o BVP-1

Nā mea

Aia ma luna o ka pūʻali koa Polani he 1250 BWP-1 mau kaʻa kaua infantry. He mau mīkini kēia o ke kumu hoʻohālike o nā makahiki he 60, ʻaʻole maoli ka waiwai kaua i kēia lā. ʻO nā pūʻali koa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me nā mīkini, ʻoiai nā hana i hana ʻia i kahi hapaha haneli i hala aku nei, ke kali nei lākou i ko lākou hope ... No laila ke kū nei ka nīnau - pono anei ke hoʻololi i nā kaʻa kahiko i kēia lā? Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo Wojskowe Zakłady Motoryzacyjne SA mai Poznań i kā lākou pane.

I ka MSPO 2019 o kēia makahiki, ua hōʻike ʻo Poznań Wojskowe Zakłady Motoryzacyjne SA i kahi manaʻo no ka hoʻonui hou ʻana o ka BWP-1, ʻo ia paha ka mea hoihoi loa i waena o nā manaʻo i manaʻo ʻia e ka ʻoihana pale ʻo Polani i ka makahiki i hala.

Aia ma luna o ka pūʻali koa Polani he 1250 BWP-1 mau kaʻa kaua infantry. He mau mīkini kēia o ke kumu hoʻohālike o nā makahiki he 60, ʻaʻole maoli ka waiwai kaua i kēia lā. ʻO nā pūʻali koa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a me nā mīkini, ʻoiai nā hana i hana ʻia i kahi hapaha haneli i hala aku nei, ke kali nei lākou i ko lākou hope ... No laila ke kū nei ka nīnau - pono anei ke hoʻololi i nā kaʻa kahiko i kēia lā? Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo Wojskowe Zakłady Motoryzacyjne SA mai Poznań i kā lākou pane.

Ua komo ka kaʻa kaua infantry BMP-1 (Object 765) me ka Soviet Army i ka makahiki 1966. He nui ka poʻe e noʻonoʻo nei, ʻaʻole pololei, ka prototype o kahi papa hou o nā kaʻa kaua, i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ke Komohana e like me ka infantry armored personnel. Kaʻa (BMP), a ma Polani kahi hoʻomohala maʻalahi o ka unuhi ʻana o kāna abbreviation - infantry hakakā kaʻa. I kēlā manawa, hiki iā ia ke hana i kahi manaʻo - ua paʻa loa ʻo ia (wikiwiki ma ke ala asphalt a hiki i 65 km / h, ma ke kula theoretically a hiki i 50 km / h, holo kaʻa a hiki i 500 km ma ke ala asphalt) , me ka hiki ke 'au'au, māmā (kaua kaumaha 13,5 tons), ua pale i ka pū'ali koa a me nā luina mai nā mea kaua li'ili'i ahi a me nā shrapnel, a - ma ke kumumana'o - he mea kaua nui loa: he 73-mm medium-pressure gun 2A28 Grom, i hui 'ia. me kahi 7,62-mm PKT, me kahi hoʻonohonoho anti-tank 9M14M alakaʻi hoʻokahi Malyutka. ʻO kēia hoʻonohonoho i hiki ke hakakā me nā kaʻa ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi. I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ua lilo koke nā mea kaua a me nā mea kaua i nāwaliwali loa, a ma muli o ke kaʻe o loko, ke kaʻa ʻana i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma waho o ke alanui, ua luhi loa nā koa. No laila, he ʻumi mau makahiki ma hope mai, i ka USSR, ua lawe ʻia kona hope, ka BMP-2. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 80 a me 90, ua ʻike pū ʻia lākou i ka pūʻali Polish, ma kahi nui i hiki ai ke hoʻolako i ʻelua mau pūʻali koa (ma ka helu o nā hana i kēlā manawa), akā ma hope o nā makahiki he ʻumi o ka hana, ua manaʻo ʻia nā kaʻa atypical. kūʻai ʻia ma waho. ʻO ia ka manawa i hoʻomaka ai ka pilikia e hoʻomau nei a hiki i kēia lā, pili - ʻokoʻa - me ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi pani hou o ka BVP-1 a i ʻole me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o nā mīkini e kū nei.

BVP-1 - ʻaʻole mākou e hoʻololi hou, no ka mea i hoʻokahi minuke ...

I loko o nā makahiki mua ʻelua ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka Warsaw Pact, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā manaʻo like ʻole ma Polani e hoʻololi i ka BVP-1. ʻO ka polokalamu Puma, mai 1998 a 2009, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manawa kūpono no ka hoʻokō ʻana. reconnaissance Units Ma hope o 668, ma mua o ka ho'āʻoʻana i nā mea hōʻikeʻike me nāʻano hale kiaʻi likeʻole, ua manaʻoʻia e hoʻohanaʻia ka BVP-12 i hoʻonuiʻia a hiki i ka 2007. ʻAʻole maopopo nā ho'āʻo, akā, ua kiʻekiʻe nā kumukūʻai i hoʻolālāʻia a ua maikaʻi ka hopena. No laila, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka papahana ma ke kahua prototype, a i Nowemapa 468, ua kāpae ʻia ka hāʻawi ʻana no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka BVP-2008 i ka maʻamau Puma-216 me kahi ʻōnaehana hale kiaʻi mamao hou mai ka papa inoa o nā papahana hana i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā ʻōlelo. o ka Hoike. Hoʻolālā no ka hana hou ʻana o nā pūʻali koa Polani no 2008-192 Ma kahi o ka nānā ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā mana kaua e pili ana i kēia, ʻo ke kumu o ka haʻalele ʻana o Puma-2009 ʻo ia ka ʻike kokoke ʻana i ka pūʻali Polish o kahi mea pani i nā byups ...

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻāʻo like ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o ia kaʻa. No nā kumu like ʻole, me ke kālā a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ua lilo kēia i mea hiki ʻole, ʻoiai ka waiho ʻana o nā papahana kūloko he nui (me BWP-2000, IFW e pili ana i ka UMPG a i ʻole ka papahana Chariot) a me nā noi haole (e laʻa, CV90).

Me he mea lā ʻo ka papahana Borsuk wale nō o ka NBPRP, i hoʻokō ʻia mai ʻOkakopa 24, 2014 e ka ʻoihana pale Polani, hiki ke hoʻopau i ka kūleʻa. Eia nō naʻe, i ka makahiki 2009, ʻaʻole i hoʻololi hou ʻia ka BVP-1, a i kēia manawa, i ka makahiki 2019, ʻaʻole lākou i lilo i mea hou a emi ʻole ka luhi, a pono mākou e kali i ʻekolu mau makahiki hou no ka Badgers mua e komo i ka lawelawe. lawelawe. He manawa lōʻihi hoʻi e hoʻololi i ka BWP-1 i nā mahele hou aʻe. I kēia manawa, he 23 mau bataliona kaʻa kaʻa o ka Pūʻali Kuleana, ʻo kēlā me kēia me 58 mau kaʻa kaua. I loko o ʻewalu o lākou, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā BWP-1 i ka wā e hiki mai ana e nā kaʻa kaua huila ʻo Rosomak, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ke ʻano, e hoʻololi loa i ka BWP-870, pono e hana ʻia ʻo Borsuków wale nō i ka ʻano BMP - a pono e hoʻokumu ʻia ka pūʻali mechanized 1. inā ʻaʻole ia e loaʻa iā Wolverine. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo pono e noho ka BWP-19 me nā koa Polani ma hope o 1. I mea e hiki ai i kēia mau mīkini ke hāʻawi aku i nā mea hoʻohana i nā manawa kūpono ma ke kahua kaua o kēia wā, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo Poznań Wojskowe Zakłady Motoryzacyjne SA, nona ka PGZ Capital Group, i kahi hāʻawi no ka hana hou hou i kona mōʻaukala.

Manaʻo Poznań

ʻO ka hui mai Poznan, e like me ka mea maʻamau me ia mau papahana, hāʻawi i kahi pānaʻi hou hou. Pono nā hoʻololi e uhi i nā wahi koʻikoʻi a pau. ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻonui i ka pae o ka pale a me ke ahi. ʻO nā mea kaua hou, me ka mālama ʻana i ka hiki ke lana, pono e hāʻawi iā STANAG 3A pae 4569 pale ballistic, ʻoiai ʻo ka pae 4 ka pahu hopu. ka hale a me ka nalowale o ka hiki ke ʻau. Hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka palekana o ke kaʻa ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi SSP-1 "Obra-4569" laser radiation detection system a i ʻole like, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana pale ahi hou. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mana ahi ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hale kiaʻi hou ʻole. ʻAʻole maʻalahi kāna koho ʻana ma muli o nā kau palena koʻikoʻi, no laila, i ka 1th INPO, ua hōʻike ʻia ka Kongsberg Protector RWS LW-3 kaʻa kaʻa mamao ma kahi o 30 kg. Ua paʻa ʻia me ka pūkuniahi hoʻolalelale 600mm Northrop Grumman (ATK) M30LF (he ʻano like ʻole o ka pūkuniahi helikopa hoʻouka kaua ʻo AH-230 Apache) e kiʻi ana i nā pōkā 64x30mm a me kahi pū mīkini 113mm. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka mea kaua nui. ʻO ke koho, ʻo ka mea hoʻolaha o Raytheon / Lockheed Martin Javelin anti-tank missiles alakaʻi ʻia (a ua hōʻike ʻia ma kēia hoʻonohonoho), a me Rafael Spike-LR, MBDA MMP a i ʻole, no ka laʻana, ka Pirata home, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia me ke kikowaena. Hiki ke lilo i mau mea kaua maʻamau me ka wikiwiki mua o 7,62 m / s (kūʻē i ka 805 m / s no ka pu hoʻokahi 1080 × 30 mm HEI-T) i pilikia paʻa. Eia nō naʻe, inā manaʻo mākou e kūʻē i ka BMP-173 / -2 Lūkia (ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i nā hoʻololi kumu) ma kahi mamao o ke ʻano o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻEulopa ʻEulopa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana anti-tank. e poina. ʻO kahi ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā turrets ʻē aʻe i noho ʻole ʻia, e like me ka Midgard 3 mai ka Slovenian Valhalla Turrets, i kāhiko ʻia me ka pūkuniahi British 300mm Venom LR mai AEI Systems, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia hoʻi no nā pū 30x30mm.

ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia nui o ke kaʻa i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia - ka paʻa a me ka ergonomics o ka pūʻali koa. Hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ke kaupaku o ke kaʻa (ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻomanaʻo nei i nā hoʻonā Ukrainian), mahalo i loaʻa ka nui o nā wahi hou. ʻO ka hope loa, hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka pahu wahie i ke keʻena ʻenekini (ma ke alo o ke keʻena o ka pūʻali ma ka ʻaoʻao starboard), ʻo ke koena o nā mea hana ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o ka pūʻali koa e neʻe like (a pani ʻia me nā mea hou). . Me ka wehe ʻana i ka hīnaʻi turret kahiko, e hana kēia i kahi wahi hou no nā mea hana a me nā mea kaua. He ʻelua a ʻekolu mau kānaka me ʻeono mau paratroopers. E hoʻololi hou aʻe - e loaʻa i ka mea hoʻokele i kahi papa mea hana hou, e loaʻa i nā koa āpau nā noho hoʻomaha o kēia wā, e hōʻike ʻia nā pahu a me nā mea paʻa no nā mea kaua a me nā mea hana. E hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻike kūlana e nā mea nānā turret hou a me nā mea alakaʻi, a me kahi ʻōnaehana nānā omnidirectional (no ka laʻana, SOD-1 Atena) a i ʻole nā ʻōnaehana kamaʻilio kūloko a me waho, a me ke kākoʻo IT (no ka laʻana, BMS). ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ke kaʻa e uku ʻia e: hoʻoikaika i ka chassis, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ala hou, a i ʻole, e hoʻololi i ka mīkini UTD-20 kahiko me kahi mīkini ʻoi aku ka ikaika (240 kW / 326 hp) MTU 6R 106 TD21 engine, ʻike ʻia. ʻo kahi laʻana. mai Jelch 442.32 4×4. E hoʻohui ʻia i loko o ka powertrain me ka pahu pahu o kēia manawa.

ʻO ka hana hou a i ʻole ka hoʻōla hou ʻana?

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke nīnau iā ʻoe iho - he mea kūpono anei ke hoʻokō i nā hoʻonā hou he nui (ʻoiai he helu palena ʻole o lākou, me ka laʻana, SOD a i ʻole BMS) i loko o kahi kaʻa kahiko? ʻAʻole i ka nānā muaʻana, akā i ka manawa waena a me ka lōʻihi, hiki ke hoʻololi i nā mea hana hou, e like me ka hale kiaʻi nohoʻole, i nā mīkini'ē aʻe. Ma hope o kēia hiʻohiʻona, ua hōʻike ʻia ke kū ʻana o RWS LW-30 ma ke kaʻa kaua JLTV a i ʻole AMPV tracked carrier. No laila, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki ke loaʻa iā Pegasus (inā loaʻa iā lākou ke kūʻai ʻia ...) a i ʻole ma nā ʻano like ʻole o Borsuk, ma kahi o nā kūlana me 12,7 mm WEIGHT. Pēlā nō, hiki ke unuhi ʻia nā mea o nā lako radio-electronic (nā lekiō) a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana a me nā ʻōnaehana koho. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia hana ma nā ʻāina waiwai he nui ma mua o Polani.

He manaʻo hoihoi loa ko WZM SA i ka mea e hana ai me nā mīkini e pili ana i ka BWP-1. Ke hoʻomaikaʻi nei nā hale hana ma Poznań i ka BWR-1S (e ʻike iā WiT 10/2017) a me BWR-1D (e ʻike iā WiT 9/2018) nā kaʻa kaua reconnaissance, a ua hōʻiliʻili lākou i ka ʻike he nui me kēia mau kaʻa, e hana ana i kā lākou mālama a hoʻoponopono. . hoʻoponopono, a me kā lākou hana hou i ka maʻamau "Puma" a me "Puma-1". I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki ke hana ʻia nā kaʻa kūikawā ma ke kumu o ka BVP-1 hou, he laʻana ka manaʻo i ka papahana Ottokar Brzoza, kahi i hoʻohui ʻia ai ka BVP-1 hou, i hui pū ʻia me ka manaʻo hou i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei (no ka laʻana, ka ʻO ka mana hoʻokahi, ka pūnaewele teleinformation, i hoʻololi ʻia i nā hoʻonohonoho BMS, a pēlā aku) e lilo i kumu no ka mea luku pahu. Nui aʻe nā koho - ma ke kumu o ka BVP-1, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūkulu i kahi kaʻa hoʻokuʻu ambulance, kahi kaʻa kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi (me ka launa pū ʻana me kahi mea luku pahu), kahi mea lawe kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa ʻole (me ka BSP DC01 "Fly" mai Droni. , ua hōʻike ʻia ke kaʻa ma ka ʻoihana Polish Success Forum ma Poznań) a i ʻole kahi kaʻa kaua i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia, e hui pū ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana me Borsuk, a me RCV me OMFV. ʻO ka mea mua, akā naʻe, ʻo ka hana hou ʻana, ʻoiai i nā helu liʻiliʻi (e like me ka 250-300 mau ʻāpana), e ʻae i ka poʻe kaʻa kaʻa Polish e ola i ka manawa ma waena o ka lawe ʻana i ka Borsuk a me ka haʻalele ʻana o ka BMP-1 hope loa, ʻoiai. mālama i ka waiwai hakakā maoli. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma kahi o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho e hoʻomaikaʻi, e like me ke ʻano o ka T-1, akā ʻae ka mea hoʻohana e hoʻomau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka hapa nui o nā ʻāpana mai nā mīkini o ke Kaua Cold. .