Mai ka hale kiaʻi hilinaʻi hou a hiki i ka robo-butterfly

Ma "MT" ua wehewehe pinepine mākou i nā mea kupanaha kaulana loa o ka ʻenehana hou. Ua ʻike nui mākou e pili ana i ka CERN Large Hadron Collider, ka International Space Station, ke Channel Tunnel, ka Three Gorges Dam ma Kina, nā alahaka e like me ka Golden Gate ma Kapalakiko, Akashi Kaikyo ma Tokyo, ka Millau Viaduct ma Farani, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. . ʻike ʻia, wehewehe ʻia i nā hui like ʻana o nā hoʻolālā. ʻO ka manawa kēia e hoʻolohe ai i nā mea liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻia, akā ʻike ʻia e ka ʻenekinia kumu a me nā hoʻolālā hoʻolālā.

E hoʻomaka kākou me ka hale kiaʻi Leaning a i ʻole Capital Gate hale kiaʻi ma Abu Dhabi (1), United Arab Emirates, i hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 2011. ʻO kēia ka hale kiʻekiʻe loa o ka honua. Ua hili ʻia ma kahi o 18 degere - ʻehā manawa ka nui o ka hale kiaʻi kaulana ʻo Pisa - a he 35 mau papahele a he 160 mika ke kiʻekiʻe. Pono nā ʻenekinia e wili i 490 mau puʻu kokoke i 30 mika i loko o ka lepo no ka mālama ʻana i ka pali. Aia i loko o ka hale nā ​​keʻena, nā wahi kūʻai a me nā wahi kūʻai piha. Aia ka hale kiaʻi i ka Hyatt Capital Gate Hotel a me kahi heliport.

ʻO Laerdal kahi alaloa alanui lōʻihi loa o Norewai ma nā mauna ʻo Hornsnipa a me Jeronnosi. Hele ka tunnel ma waena o nā gneiss paʻa no 24 m. Ua kūkulu ʻia ma ka wehe ʻana i 510 miliona cubic mika o ka pōhaku. Hoʻolako ʻia me nā mea pā nui e hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻoheheʻe i ka ea. ʻO Laerdal Tunnel ka mua o ka honua i hoʻolako ʻia me kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ea.

ʻO ka tunnel record he mea hoʻomaka wale nō ia i kahi papahana hoʻolālā hoihoi Norewai. Aia nā hoʻolālā e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ala kaʻa E39 e hoʻopili ana iā Kristiansand ma ka hema o ka ʻāina me Trondheim, aia ma kahi o hoʻokahi tausani kilomita i ka ʻākau. He ʻōnaehana holoʻokoʻa ia o nā alahaka hoʻopaʻa moʻolelo, nā alahaka ma waena o nā fjord a… he paʻakikī ke ʻimi i ka huaʻōlelo kūpono no nā tunnel e lana ana i loko o ka wai, a i ʻole nā ​​alahaka me nā alanui ʻaʻole ma luna akā ma lalo o ka wai. Pono ia e hele ma lalo o ka ʻili o ka Sognefjord kaulana, ʻo ia ka 3,7 km ākea a me 1,3 km hohonu, no laila e paʻakikī loa ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi alahaka a me kahi tunnel kuʻuna ma aneʻi.

I ka hihia o kahi tunnel i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ʻelua mau ʻano like ʻole - nā paipu lana nui me nā ala i hoʻopili ʻia i nā lana nui (2) a me ke koho o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā paipu i lalo me nā kaula. Ma ke ʻano o ka papahana E39, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, alahele ma lalo o ka Rogfast fjord. He 27 km ka lōʻihi a holo i 390 mau mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai - no laila ʻo ia ke ala hohonu loa a lōʻihi loa i kūkulu ʻia ma lalo o ka wai i kūkulu ʻia i ka honua. E kūkulu ʻia ka E39 hou i loko o 30 mau makahiki. Inā kūleʻa, ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea kupanaha ʻenehana nui loa o ke kenekulia XNUMX.

2. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ke ala lana ma lalo o ka Sognefjord

ʻO kahi mea kupanaha o ka ʻenekinia ʻo ka Falkirk Wheel ma Scotland (3), kahi ʻano swivel 115m kū hoʻokahi e hoʻokiʻekiʻe a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā waʻa ma waena o nā ala wai ma nā pae like ʻole (35m ʻokoʻa), i kūkulu ʻia mai ka 1200 tons o ke kila, i hoʻoulu ʻia e nā kaʻa hydraulic he ʻumi. hiki ke hapai i na waapa i ka manawa like. Hiki i ka huila ke hāpai i ka like me hoʻokahi haneli ʻelepani ʻApelika.

ʻO kahi mea kupanaha ʻenehana i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma ka honua, ʻo ia ke kaupaku o ke kahua pāʻani ʻehā o Melbourne, ʻo AAMI Park, ma Australia (4). Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā petals triangular interlocking i nā ʻano dome. Ua hoʻohana ʻia he 50 pakeneka. liʻiliʻi ke kila ma mua o ka hoʻolālā cantilever maʻamau. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kūkulu hale. ʻOhi ka hoʻolālā i ka wai ua mai ka hale a hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu ma o kahi ʻōnaehana ʻoihana hale kiʻekiʻe.

4 Ke kahua pāʻani ʻo Melbourne Rectangular Stadium

Kūkulu ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi pali nui ma ka Zhangjiajie National Forest Park o Kina, ʻo ka Bailong Elevator (5) ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa a ʻoi loa ke kaumaha ma waho o ka honua. ʻO 326 mika kona kiʻekiʻe, a hiki iā ia ke lawe i 50 mau kānaka a me 18 tausani i ka manawa like. i kēlā me kēia lā. Ua wehe ʻia i ka lehulehu i ka makahiki 2002, ua helu ʻia ka elevator ma ka Guinness Book of World Records ma ke ʻano he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a kaumaha loa i waho o ka honua.

ʻAʻole paha i kaulana hou ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe mauna o Kina, akā ʻaʻole mamao loa ma Vietnam, ua hana ʻia kekahi mea i hiki ke hoʻokūkū me ia no ke poʻo inoa o ka hoʻolālā ʻenekinia phenomenal. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana iā Cau Vang (alahaka gula), he 150-mika nānā ʻana mai kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mahalo i ka panorama nani o ka puni o Da Nang. ʻO ke alahaka ʻo Cau Wang, i wehe ʻia i Iune, e kau ana ma luna o 1400 mau mika ma luna o ka ʻili o ke Kai Kina Hema, ʻo ke kahakai kahi i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe e hele ana ma luna o ke alahaka. Aia ma kahi kokoke i ke alahaka ka UNESCO World Heritage Sites - Cham Sanctuary ma Mu Son a me Hoi An - he awa kahiko me nā hale kūʻokoʻa Kina, Vietnamese a me Iapana mai nā kenekulia 6th-XNUMXth. ʻO nā lima kahiko e kākoʻo ana i ke alahaka (XNUMX) e pili ana i ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina kahiko o Vietnam.

E kākau ʻokoʻa i nā hale

He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo i kēia, i ko mākou manawa, ʻaʻole pono nā hana o ka ʻenekinia i ka nui, ka nui loa, ka nui o ka nui, ke kaumaha, a me ka manawa e hoʻohauʻoli ai. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, nā mea liʻiliʻi loa, nā hana wikiwiki a me nā mea liʻiliʻi, e like me ka nui a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.

I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻokumu kahi hui honua o nā physicists i kahi ʻōnaehana ion i kapa ʻia ʻo "ka mīkini liʻiliʻi loa ma ka honua." ʻOiaʻiʻo, he ion calcium hoʻokahi, he 10 biliona manawa liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka mīkini kaʻa, i kūkulu ʻia e kahi hui ʻepekema i alakaʻi ʻia e Prof. Ferdinand Schmidt-Kahler a me Ulrich Poschinger ma ke Kulanui ʻo Johannes Gutenberg ma Mainz, Kelemānia.

ʻO ka "kino hana" i loko o ka ʻenekini ion he wili, ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi ʻāpana o ka torque ma ka pae ʻātoma. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hoʻololi i ka ikehu wela o nā kukuna laser i nā haʻalulu a i ʻole nā ​​haʻalulu o kahi ion i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ke hana nei kēia mau haʻalulu e like me ka lele lele a hoʻoili ʻia ko lākou ikehu i quanta. "Ke ana kā mākou huila lele i ka mana o ka ʻenekini ma ke ʻano atomic," wehewehe ʻo Mark Mitchison o QuSys o QuSys ma Trinity College Dublin i kahi hoʻolaha paʻi. Ke hoʻomaha ka ʻenekini, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka mokuʻāina "ʻāina" me ka ikaika haʻahaʻa a me ka paʻa loa, e like me ka wānana quantum physics. A laila, ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana e kahi kukuna laser, "hoʻokuʻu" ka ion drive i ka lele, e holo wikiwiki a wikiwiki hoʻi, wahi a ka hui noiʻi i kā lākou hōʻike noiʻi.

Ma Mei o kēia makahiki ma ke Kulanui ʻenehana ʻo Chemnitz. Ua kūkulu nā kānaka ʻepekema mai ka hui i ka robot liʻiliʻi loa ma ka honua, a me nā "jet engines" (7). ʻO ka mea hana, 0,8 mm ka lōʻihi, 0,8 mm ka laulā a me 0,14 mm ke kiʻekiʻe, e neʻe e hoʻokuʻu i nā kahawai ʻelua o nā ʻōhū i loko o ka wai.

7. Nanobots me "jet engines"

Robo-lele (8) he lopako lele li'ili'i ka nui o ka inike i ho'omohala 'ia e ka po'e 'epekema ma Harvard. He emi kona kaumaha ma mua o ka gram a he mau ʻiʻo uila wikiwiki loa e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻopā i kona mau ʻēheu he 120 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia kekona a lele (hoʻopaʻa ʻia). Hana ʻia ia me ke kalapona kalapona, hāʻawi iā ia i ke kaumaha o 106mg. ʻO ka ʻēheu he 3 cm.

ʻO nā mea hoʻokō maikaʻi o kēia au ʻaʻole wale nā ​​hale nui ma luna o ka honua a i ʻole nā ​​mīkini liʻiliʻi kupanaha e hiki ke komo i kahi i ʻoki ʻole ʻia ai kahi kaʻa. ʻO ka mea kānalua, ʻo ka ʻenehana hou o kēia wā ʻo ia ka SpaceX Starlink satellite constellation (e nānā pū: ), kiʻekiʻe, holomua i ka ʻike artificial, generative adversarial networks (GANs), ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka unuhi ʻōlelo ʻōlelo manawa maoli algorithms, ka lolo-kamepiula interfaces, etc. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kenekulia i nā mea a pau, ma ka liʻiliʻi ma ka nānā mua.