ʻOlifant main battle tank
Lako kaua

ʻOlifant main battle tank

ʻOlifant main battle tank

He hohonu ka pahu wai Olifant ("elephant")

ka hoʻololi hou ʻana o ka Pelekane "Centurion".

ʻOlifant main battle tankUa hoʻomaka ka Tank "Oliphant 1B" e komo i ka pūʻali koa o ʻApelika Hema i ka makahiki 1991. Ua hoʻolālā pū ʻia e lawe i ka hapa nui o nā pahu Model 1A i kona pae. ʻO ka hana hou ʻana o nā kaʻa kaʻa Centurion i hana ʻia ma ʻApelika Hema he hiʻohiʻona hoihoi loa ia o ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā waiwai kaua o nā kaʻa kaua lōʻihi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka "Oliphant 1B" me nā kaʻa kaʻa hou, akā ʻo ka nui o nā hoʻomaikaʻi a me nā hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i hana ʻia i kahi kūlana maikaʻi e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kaʻa ʻē aʻe e hana ʻia ma ka ʻāina ʻApelika.

I ka hana ʻana i ka pahu, ua lawe nā mea hoʻolālā i ka hoʻolālā maʻamau i kumu. Aia ke keʻena hoʻomalu i mua o ka hull, aia ka ʻāpana hakakā ma waena, ʻo ka mea mana ma ka hope. Aia ka pū ma ka hale kiaʻi o ka pōʻai puni. ʻEhā poʻe ka poʻe o ka pahu pahu: ka luna, ka pū, ka mea hoʻokele a me ka loader. ʻO ka hoʻonohonohoʻana o ka lumi o loko e pili pū me nā mea maʻamau a lōʻihi loa. Aia ka noho kaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau ma ke alo o ka hull, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema he ʻāpana o ka pū (32 mau pana). Aia ka luna pahu pahu a me ka pū ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke keʻena hakakā, aia ka mea lawe ukana ma ka ʻaoʻao hema.

ʻOlifant main battle tank

Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā pū i loko o ka hoʻomaha turret (16 pōʻai) a ma ke keʻena hakakā (6 pōʻai). ʻO ka mea kaua nui o ka prototype i kūkulu ʻia o ka pahu he 105-mm rifled gun STZ, ʻo ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pūkuniahi Pelekania 17. ʻO ka pilina ma waena o ka pū a me ka turret i hāpai ʻia e like me ke ao holoʻokoʻa, e hiki ai ke hoʻokomo i ka 120-mm. a me nā pū 140-mm. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi pūkuniahi 6T6 hou, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻohana i nā barela 120-mm a me 140-mm me kahi ala maʻemaʻe.

ʻOlifant main battle tank

ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike pū hou no ka pahu pahu ka 120 mm ST9 smoothbore pū. I nā hihia a pau, ua uhiʻia nā pahu o nā pū me kahi uhi wela. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ua hāʻawi nā mea hoʻolālā i nā koho like ʻole no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka pahu hou, a ua lawa ka mana o ka ʻoihana ʻApelika Hema e hoʻokō i nā manaʻo (ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nei ka nīnau o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pū 140-mm).

ʻOlifant main battle tank

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā ʻenehana o ka pahu kaua nui "Oliphant 1V" 

Paona hakakā, т58
Helu, nā kānaka4
ana, mm:
lōʻihi me ka pū i mua10200
laulā3420
ke kiʻekiʻe2550
ʻAo kaua
 papahana
Mea kaua:
 105 mm pu raifela; ʻElua mau pū mīkini 7,62mm Browning
Hoʻonohonoho puke:
 68 pana, 5600 puni
ʻO ke kaʻaEngine "Teledine Continental", 12-cylinder, diesel, turbocharged, mana 950 hp. Me.
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ke alaloa km / h58
E holo ana ma ke alaloa km400
Ke kū nei i nā ālai:
kiʻekiʻe o ka pā, м0.9
laula auwai, м3.5
hohonu moku, м1.2

ʻOlifant main battle tank

Tank "Centurion" o ka pūʻali koa o ʻApelika Hema

ʻO Centurion, A41 - pahu kaʻa waena Pelekane.

Ua kūkulu ʻia he 4000 Centurion pahu pahu. I ka wā o ka hakakā ʻana ma Korea, India, Saudi Arabia, Vietnam, Middle East, a ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ke kahawai ʻo Suez Canal, ua hōʻike ʻia ka Centurion kekahi o nā kaʻa maikaʻi loa o ka wā ma hope o ke kaua. Ua hana ʻia ka pahu Centurion ma ke ʻano he kaʻa e hoʻohui i nā waiwai o ka holo ʻana a me nā kaʻa infantry a hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hana nui a pau i hāʻawi ʻia i nā pūʻali koa. ʻAʻole like me nā kaʻa kaʻa Pelekane ma mua, ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia kēia kaʻa i nā mea kaua, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pale kaua.

ʻOlifant main battle tank

Tank Centurion Mk. 3, ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Kanada

Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ke ʻano ākea loa, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaumaha o ka pahu no kēia ʻano kaʻa. ʻO kēia drawback i kaupalena nui i ka neʻe ʻana o ka pahu a ʻaʻole i ʻae i kahi hoʻopaʻa ikaika.

ʻOlifant main battle tank
ʻOlifant main battle tank
 Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Centurion ma ke kahua kaua kekahi o nā kaʻa kaʻa maikaʻi loa
ʻOlifant main battle tank
ʻOlifant main battle tank

Ua ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona mua o ka Centurion tanks i ka makahiki 1945, a i ka makahiki 1947 ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka hoʻololi nui o ka Centurion Mk 3 me kahi pūkuniahi 20-paona 83,8-mm. ʻOkoʻa nā hoʻololi ʻē aʻe o ia manawa: ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi turret welded me kahi ʻōnaehana māhoe o 1 mm a me 76,2 mm pū ma ka Mk 20; ma ka hōʻailona Mk 2 - he turret me kahi pū 76,2 mm; ʻO ka Mk 4 ka turret like me ka Mk 2, akā me kahi howitzer 95mm. Ua hana ʻia kēia mau laʻana a pau ma nā helu liʻiliʻi a ma hope iho ua hoʻololi ʻia kekahi o lākou i mau kaʻa kōkua, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻāpana ʻē aʻe i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumu hoʻohālike Mk 3. I ka makahiki 1955, ua lawe ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe o ka pahu Centurion - Mk 7, Mk 8 a me Mk 9 , I ka makahiki 1958, ua ʻike ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona hou - ʻo ka "Centurion" Mk 10, me ka pūkuniahi 105-mm. E like me ka hoʻohālikelike hou ʻana i ka ʻōlelo Pelekane, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pahu Centurion ma ke ʻano he mau pahu pū waena.

ʻOlifant main battle tank

"Centurion" Mk 13

ʻO ka hull welded o ka Centurion Mk 3 tank i hana ʻia me ke kila i ʻōwili ʻia me kahi ʻano kūpono o nā papa pale ihu. Aia nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ka hull me kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi i waho, kahi i hiki ai ke waiho maʻalahi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana mai ka hull. No ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka hale kiaʻi, ua hoʻolako ʻia nā hoʻonui kūloko. Ua uhi ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o ka hull me nā pale pale. Ua hoʻolei ʻia ka hale kiaʻi, koe naʻe ka hale, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka wili uila, a ua hana ʻia me ka ʻole o ka manaʻo noʻonoʻo o nā ʻili pale.

PS Pono naʻe e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka pahu i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei e lawelawe ana me kekahi mau ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ka honua - ʻo ia hoʻi, ma nā pūʻali koa o ka ʻIseraʻela.

Nā kumuhana:

  • B. A. Kurkov, V. I. Murakhovsky, B. S. Safonov "Main kaua pahu";
  • G. L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Tanks 1915 - 2000";
  • ʻO Christoper Chant "World Encyclopedia of the Tank";
  • ʻO ka pahu pahu "Centurion" [Armor collection 2003'02];
  • ʻO Green Michael, Brown James, Vallier Christoph "Tanks. ʻO nā mea kaua kila o nā ʻāina o ka honua".

 

Pākuʻi i ka manaʻo hoʻopuka