Nā lako moku o ke Kaua Honua II

U 67 ma ka Atelanika Hema. Nānā nā mea nānā i ka lewa, i māhele ʻia i ʻehā mau ʻāpana, i ka wā maikaʻi i ka hāʻule o 1941.

ʻO ka hiki ke alakaʻi i ke kaua submarine - ka hakakā ʻana i nā moku ʻenemi a me nā mea lawe lawe - i hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka hiki ke ʻike i kahi pahuhopu. ʻAʻole ia he hana maʻalahi, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā wai pau ʻole o ka ʻAkelanika, no ka poʻe kiaʻi mai kahi kiosk moku haʻahaʻa i mua o ko lākou mau maka ponoʻī. ʻAʻole ʻike ka poʻe Kelemania i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi kaua loea e nā Allies. I ka manaʻo ʻana o nā luna moku moku i ka makahiki 1942 e alualu ʻia ana lākou e kekahi ʻenemi ʻike ʻole ʻia, ua hoʻomaka nā ʻepekema Kelemania i ka hoʻoikaika ikaika e hoʻomohala i ka uila. Akā, i ka manawa e make ana ka hapa nui o nā moku U i kā lākou mau mākaʻikaʻi mua, me ka ʻike ʻole i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele radio Allied, Enigma decryption, a me ka noho ʻana o nā pūʻulu e ʻimi ana iā lākou, ʻaʻohe mea i hiki ke pale i ka pio ʻana o nā moku moku Kelemania.

Nā mea hana no ka nānā ʻana i nā maka.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke Kaua Patriotic Nui, ʻo ke ʻano nui o ka nānā ʻana a me ka ʻike ʻana e nā poʻe o ka submarine ʻo ia ka nānā mau ʻana i ka lewa, i māhele ʻia i ʻehā mau ʻāpana, i hana ʻia me ka nānā ʻole i ke ʻano o ka wā, ka manawa o ka makahiki a me ka lā e nā mea nānā ʻehā ma ka conning. kahua hale kiaʻi. Ma luna o kēia poʻe, i koho kūikawā ʻia me ka ʻike maka maikaʻi loa, e lawe ana i ka wati ʻehā hola, ʻaʻole i emi iki ka hiki ke kūleʻa ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o kahi submarine me ke ola. ʻO ka Binoculars Carl Zeiss 7x50 (1943x magnification) me nā hiʻohiʻona optical maikaʻi loa i hiki ke ʻike i ke aka mai luna o ka kia ma ka lewa i ka hikiwawe loa. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā ʻino, i ka ua a i ʻole ka hau, ʻo ka pilikia nui ka maʻalahi o ka binoculars i nā aniani pulu me ka paʻi wai, a me ka pōʻino mechanical. No kēia kumu, pono e loaʻa i ke kiosk nā mea ʻokoʻa, maloʻo, mākaukau no ka hoʻohana koke ʻana, e hāʻawi ʻia i ka poʻe nānā inā e pani ʻia; me ka ʻole o ka binocular hana, "makapō" ka poʻe nānā. Mai ka pūnāwai o 8, ua loaʻa iā U-Butwaff kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā binoculars 60 ×XNUMX hou i hoʻololi ʻia, me kahi kino alumini ('ōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole ke one), me nā uhi uhi a me nā mea hoʻokomo moisture-proof. Ma muli o ko lākou helu liʻiliʻi, ua kapa ʻia kēia mau binoculars "submarine commander's binoculars", a ma muli o kā lākou hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ua lilo koke lākou i makana i makemake nui ʻia no nā alakaʻi o nā hui hahai holoholona submarine.

periscopes

I ka makahiki 1920, ua hoʻokumu ka poʻe Kelemania i ka hui NEDINSCO (Nederlandsche Instrumenten Compagnie) ma Netherlands, ʻo ia hoʻi he ʻoihana hoʻopunipuni e hoʻokuʻu aku ana i nā lako optical pūʻali koa i ka hui Kelemania ʻo Carl Zeiss mai Jena. Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 30. Ua hana ʻo NEDINSCO i nā periscopes ma ka mea kanu Venlo (ua kūkulu ʻia kahi hale kiaʻi planetarium no kēia). Mai U-1935, i kūkulu ʻia i ka makahiki 1 a hiki i 1945, ua hoʻolako ʻia nā submarine āpau me nā periscopes hui: nā ʻāpana kahakai liʻiliʻi o ke ʻano II me hoʻokahi kaua, a ʻoi aku ka nui, nā ʻāpana Atlantika o nā ʻano VII, IX a me XXI - me ʻelua:

- kahi ʻāpana nānā (mua) e hana ana mai ke keʻena nui o ka Luftziel Seror (LSR) a i ʻole Nacht Luftziel Seror (NLSR);

- kaua (hope), hoʻomalu ʻia mai ka kiosk Angriff-Sehrohr (ASR).

Ua loaʻa i nā periscope ʻelua nā koho hoʻonui: x1,5 (ka nui o ke kiʻi i ʻike ʻia e ka maka "ʻike ʻole") a me x6 (ʻehā manawa o ka nui o ke kiʻi i ʻike ʻia e ka maka "ʻike ʻole"). Ma ka hohonu o ka periscope, aia ka lihi o luna o ka hale kiaʻi conning ma kahi o 6 m ma lalo o ka ʻili wai.