Kaʻa Ea Hou no ka Pūʻali Koa ʻAmelika

ʻO ka ISV o GMD, ma ke ʻano he kaʻa hou no nā ʻāpana mokulele ʻAmelika, pono e hoʻokō i nā koi kiʻekiʻe loa: hiki iā ia ke hana maikaʻi loa ma ka ʻāina paʻakikī loa, hiki ke lawe i ʻeiwa mau kānaka a kū i ka hāʻule mai kahi mokulele.

Ma ka lā 26 o Iune, ua koho ka pūʻali koa ʻAmelika iā GM Defense i mea hoʻolako kaʻa no ka pūʻali koa. ʻO kēia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hanauna hou o nā kaʻa ukali māmā o ʻAmelika a ma luna o nā mea āpau, nā ʻāpana mokulele.

I Ianuali 2014, hoʻolaha ka US Army i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi kaʻina hoʻokūkū no ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi kaʻa kaua ultralight (ULCV). I Iune, ma Fort Bragg ma North Carolina, kahi i hoʻokipa ai ka 82nd Airborne Division i kahi hōʻikeʻike o nā kaʻa like ʻole i hiki i ka US Army ke noʻonoʻo i nā lako no kāna mau ʻāpana mokulele. ʻO kēia: Flyer 72 General Dynamics-Flyer Defense, Phantom Badger (Boeing-MSI Defense), Deployable Advanced Ground Off-road / DAGOR (Polaris Defense), Commando Jeep (Hendrick Dynamics), Viper (Vyper Adams) a me High Versatility Tactical Vehicle . (Lockheed Martin). Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia ka ʻaelike, a ua kūʻai aku ka US Army i 70 DAGORs no ka 82nd DPD (ua komo lākou, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, i nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa Anaconda-2016 ma Polani). Ma 2015, ua hoʻokuʻu ka US Army i ka palapala Combat Vehicle Modernization Strategy (CVMS). ʻO nā kānana a me nā simulation ma mua o kona hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana ua hōʻike maopopo i ka pono e hoʻololi hou a, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻololi i nā ʻauwaʻa mea kaua US Army me kahi mea e kūpono ai i nā pono o ke kahua kaua o kēia wā ma mua o nā lako i kūʻai ʻia i ka wā o nā kaua huakaʻi a i ʻole ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka. Kaua anu. Hoʻohana pū ʻia kēia i nā ʻāpana airmobile - e hoʻonui ʻia kā lākou ahi ahi (me nā pahu kukui, ʻike iā WiT 4/2017, 1/2019) a me ka mobility tactical. Inā ʻaʻole, he liʻiliʻi ka manawa e ola ai ka poʻe paratroopers ʻAmelika ma ke kahua kaua, ʻaʻole e haʻi i ka pau ʻana o ka hana. Ua koi ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, e ka pono e hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻāpana airmobile ma kahi mamao loa mai ka pahuhopu ma mua o ka wā ma mua, ka mea i alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pono o nā ʻōnaehana anti-aircraft o kahi ʻenemi. No ka hoʻohālikelike, ua helu nā US paratroopers e hiki i kahi koa dismounting ke hōʻea i kahi pahuhopu ma kahi mamao o 11-16 km, aʻo ka hiki i ka hana manuahi ke ʻike ʻia he 60 km wale nō mai ka pahuhopu. No laila ua hānau ʻia ka manaʻo o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kaʻa kaʻa āpau āpau, a laila i kapa ʻia ʻo Ground Mobility Vehicle (GMV) - ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻi hou ʻo ULCV ma lalo o kahi inoa hou.

ʻO ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kaʻa A-GMV 1.1 (i kapa ʻia ʻo M1297) he hapalua wale nō.

ʻO ka GMV… ʻaʻole ia he GMV

E loaʻa i ka pūʻali koa US he 33 infantry brigades hui kaua. Loaʻa iā lākou a pau kahi hui like a ua hoʻopili piha ʻia i ka halihali ea. Ma ka honua, lawelawe lākou ma ke ʻano he kaʻa kaʻa māmā, i kēlā me kēia lā e hoʻohana ana i nā kaʻa mai ka ʻohana HMMWV, a ʻo ka JLTV hou. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau ʻāpana lele, e like me ka 173rd Airborne BCT, ka 4th BCT (Airborne) mai ka 25th Infantry Division, a i ʻole ka BCT mai ka 82nd a me ka 101st Airborne Division. Wahi a ka CVMS hoʻolālā, e loaʻa iā lākou nā kaʻa kaʻa uila māmā hou, i hoʻololi ʻia ʻaʻole e lawe wale ʻia ma luna o ka mokulele a i ʻole helikopa (a i ʻole he ukana i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma lalo o ka helikopter), akā hāʻule pū kekahi mai ka paʻa ʻana o kahi mokulele a hiki ke hana. e lawe ana i ka puali hele wawae piha. ʻOiai ua kūpono ʻo HMMWV a me JLTV no kēia mau hana ʻelua, ʻoi aku ka nui a me ke kaumaha, ka ʻai ʻana i ka wahie, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea a pau e lawe i nā koa liʻiliʻi (maʻamau 4 ÷ 6).

ʻO ka wikiwiki, i ka makahiki 2016, i ka makahiki ʻauhau 2017, ua ʻike ʻia ka manaʻo o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ke kaʻina hana no ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kaʻa kaʻa ea hiki ke lawe i kahi hui infantry o ʻeiwa mau kānaka (ʻelua mau ʻāpana noho ʻehā a me kahi luna koa) me nā lako a me nā mea kaua. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻāʻo ka 82nd Airborne Division i kekahi mau kaʻa Polaris MRZR e loiloi i ka pono o nā kaʻa māmā āpau ma ke kahua kaua. Eia naʻe, liʻiliʻi loa ka MRZR no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi o ka pūʻali koa māmā o ʻAmelika, no laila he mea hōʻike wale nō nā hoʻokolohua. ʻO ka hoʻolālā kūpono e hōʻiliʻili i nā makana ma mua o ka hopena o FY2017 a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū mai ka hapaha lua o FY2018 a i ka hapaha ʻelua o 2019. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ke koho ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ke kau inoa ʻana o ka ʻaelike no ke kolu o ka hapaha. Eia nō naʻe, i ka mahina ʻo Iune 2017, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i ka papahana GMV i kahi kūʻai o 1.1 (a i ʻole 295) mau ʻāpana o GMV 395 a me kahi kūʻai nui aʻe i.e. ma kahi o 1700, i ka wā e hiki mai ana ma ke ʻano o ke kaʻina hana hoʻokūkū. Pehea e loaʻa ai iaʻu kahi GMV me ke kūʻai ʻole ʻana i kahi GMV ʻaʻole ia he GMV? ʻAe, hūnā kēia acronym i ʻekolu mau manaʻo like ʻole: ʻo ka 80s GMV, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka HMMWV a hoʻohana ʻia e USSOCOM (United States Special Operations Command), kona hope GMV 1.1 (General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems 'Flyer 72, i hoʻomohala pū me ka Ua kūʻai ʻia ʻo Flyer Defence no USSOCOM ma lalo o kahi ʻaelike ʻAukake 2013 - nā hoʻopuka e hoʻopau ʻia i kēia makahiki; i kapa ʻia ʻo M1288) a me ka papahana kaʻa mokulele mokulele US (e like me kā mākou e ʻike koke ai - i kēia manawa). ʻO ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kaʻa e like me nā mea i kauoha ʻia e USSOCOM ua loiloi ʻia e ka US Army ma ke ʻano he wikiwiki a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, no ka mea hiki ke hoʻololi piha i nā ʻāpana, he hoʻolālā kēia i hoʻohana mua ʻia e ka US Armed Forces, hoʻāʻo ʻia a hana nui ʻia. He mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi nā koi like no ka USSOCOM a me ka US Army: ʻo ka hiki ke lawe i kahi hui o ʻeiwa mau koa, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o 5000 paona (2268 kg, 10% ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻolālā mua ʻia), ka uku haʻahaʻa o 3200 paona (1451,5 kg). ). , 60 kg), ka neʻe kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻāina āpau, ka hiki ke lawe ʻia e ka ea (ma ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma lalo o kahi helikopter UH-47 a i ʻole CH-47, ma ka paʻa ʻana o kahi helikopter CH-130 a i ʻole ma luna o ka moku C-17 a i ʻole C- 177 mokulele - i ka hihia o ka hope, ua hāʻule mai kahi kiʻekiʻe haʻahaʻa hiki ke hiki). ʻO ka hope loa, ua kauoha ka US Army i 1.1 GMV 1.1 wale nō (ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo Army-GMV 1.1 a i ʻole A-GMV 1297 a i ʻole M33,8) ma luna o $ 2018M ma lalo o ka waihona kālā FY2019-2020. E hoʻokō ʻia ka mākaukau hana piha i ka hapaha ʻekolu o ka makahiki kālā 2019. Ua hoʻomaka ka lua o ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū e hoʻomaka i ka makahiki kālā 2020 a i ʻole XNUMX.