Hoʻohana ʻia ka waiʻakika i nā paila?

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe inā loaʻa ka pīkika i ka pākiko a inā pēlā he aha ia? Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe ʻike a hoihoi i ke aʻo ʻana e pili ana inā he ʻakika i laila, he aha ia a no ke aha e kūpono ai i nā paila āu e hoʻohana nei, a laila e nānā mau.

E hoʻomaka hou kā ...

ʻIke ʻoe ʻo ka waikawa kēpau ka paila i makemake nui ʻia ma kahi o 90% o nā kaʻa hou.

ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻo kēlā pēke me kahi pahu e hoʻokomo ʻia ai nā pā (maʻa mau ke kēpau) i loko o nā keena, e like me nā electrode maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau papa kēpau me kahi wai i kapa ʻia he electrolyte.

ʻO ka nui o ka electrolyte i loko o kahi pakuhi i piha i ka acid a me ka wai.

He aha ka waikawa i loko o nā paila?

He sulfuric ka waikawa i loko o ka pahu kaʻa. ʻO ka ʻakika Sulfuric (kemika sulfuric acid) he wai ʻoniʻoni ikaika ʻole a me ka ʻala ʻole me ka mānoanoa o 1,83213 g/cm3.

I kāu pakuhi, ʻaʻole paʻa ka waikawa, akā i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai (ka wai distill) i ka lakene o 70% wai a me 30% H2SO4 (waikawa sulfuric).

No ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai kēia waikawa i nā paila?

ʻO ka waikawa Sulphuric ka waikawa inorganic hana nui e launa pū me nā metala āpau a me kā lākou mau oxides. Me ka ʻole o kēia, he mea hiki ʻole loa ke hoʻokuʻu a hoʻokau i ka pila. Eia nō naʻe, pehea e hana ai i ke kau ʻana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā kaʻina hana e kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nui o ka wai i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia me ka wai o ka acid i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia.

A i ʻole ... ʻO ka hōʻuluʻulu hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i ka nīnau no ke ʻano o ka acid i loko o nā pākeke penei:

Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pakuhi waikawa kēpau kahi waikawa sulfuric. ʻAʻole maʻemaʻe kēia (waikawa), akā hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a kapa ʻia ʻo electrolyte.

Loaʻa i kēia electrolyte kahi kiʻekiʻena a me ka pae e hōʻemi ana i ka manawa, no laila he mea pono ke nānā pinepine iā lākou a hoʻonui iā lākou inā pono.

Pehea ka uila o ka uila?

No ka mālama pono ʻana i kāu pakuhi o kāu kaʻa, pono ʻoe e nānā pinepine i ka pae a me ka nui o ka wai hana (electrolyte).

Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka pae e hoʻohana ana i kahi koʻokoʻo kīʻaha liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka mōakāka ma waho o kahi peni maʻalahi. No ke ana ʻana i ka pae, pono ʻoe e wehe i nā ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana o nā puʻukū (hiki wale nō kēia kaha inā paʻa pono kāu pila) a hoʻokomo i ke koʻokoʻo i ka uila.

Inā uhi paʻa ʻia nā pā i ka wai a inā ma kahi o 15 mm ka lōʻihi. ma luna o nā pā, kēia mea maikaʻi ka pae. Inā ʻaʻole i uhi pono ʻia nā pā, pono ʻoe e hoʻāla iki i ka pae o ka electrolyte.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kēia ma ke kūʻai ʻana a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka wai distilled. Maʻalahi loa ka hoʻopihapiha ʻana (i ke ala maʻamau), e makaʻala wale ʻaʻole e hoʻopiha i ka paila me ka wai.

E hoʻohana wale i ka wai hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ʻaʻole ka wai maʻamau. Aia i loko o ka wai pālahalaha nā impurities ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopōkole loa i ke ola o ka pila, akā inā lawa ka nui o lākou, hiki iā lākou ke kāpae pololei iā ia.

No ke ana ʻana i ka mānoanoa, pono ʻoe i kahi mea kani i kapa ʻia he hydrometer. ʻO kēia mea maʻa mau he kīʻaha kīʻaha ia me kahi unahi i waho a me ka pahu mercury ma loko.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hydrometer, pono ʻoe e hoʻohaʻahaʻa iā ia i lalo o ka pākaukau, e hōʻiliʻili i ka electrolyte (hana ke ʻano he pipette) a ʻike i nā waiwai e heluhelu ai. ʻO ka mānoanoa maʻamau he 1,27 - 1,29 g / cm3. a inā hōʻike kāu hāmeʻa i kēia waiwai a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka density, akā inā ʻaʻole nā ​​waiwai a laila pono paha ʻoe e hoʻonui i ka density o ka electrolyte.

Pehea e hoʻonui ai i ka nui?

Inā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 1,27 g / cm3, pono ʻoe e hoʻonui i ka paʻakai sulfuric acid. ʻElua mau koho no kēia: kūʻai paha i kahi electrolyte mākaukau, a i ʻole hana i kāu electrolyte ponoʻī.

Inā koho ʻoe i ka koho ʻelua, pono ʻoe e akahele loa.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana, kau i nā mikina lima a me nā aniani palekana a hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi iā lākou. Koho i kahi lumi me ka ea kūpono a mālama i nā keiki iā ʻoe iā ʻoe e hana ana.

Lawe ʻia ka dilution o ka sulfuric acid i ka wai i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i kahi kahawai / trickle. Ke ninini nei i ka waikawa, pono ʻoe e hoʻoulu mau i ka hopena me kahi koʻokoʻo kīʻaha. Ke pau, pono ʻoe e uhi i ka mea me ke kāwele a e hoʻalili a noho i ka pō.

He mea nui loa! E ninini mau i ka wai i loko o kahi pola a laila hoʻohui i ka waikawa iā ia. Inā hoʻololi ʻoe i ke kaʻina, loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hopena wela a wela hoʻi!

Inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka pakuhi i ke aniau akahai, ʻo 0,36 lita ka lakene ʻakika / wai. ʻakika ma ka 1 lita o ka wai hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a inā mehana ke aniau, 0,33 lita ka lakio. ʻakika i kēlā me kēia lita o ka wai.

ʻAhaʻaha. ʻOiai hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ka mānoanoa o ka wai hana iā ʻoe iho, ʻo ka hopena ʻoi aku ke akamai, keu hoʻi inā ʻelemakule kāu pila, e hoʻololi wale ia me kahi hou. ʻO kēia ala, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hopohopo e pili pono i ka dilute ʻana o ka waikawa, a me ka hana hewa ʻana i ka hui ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka pakuhi.

Ua maopopo he aha ke ʻano o ka waikawa i loko o nā paila, akā weliweli ia?

ʻO ka acid acid, ʻoiai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, kahi mea maʻalahi a weliweli hoʻi e hoʻohaumia ʻole i ke kaiapuni akā hiki ke hōʻeha koʻikoʻi i ke olakino kanaka. ʻAʻole hiki i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka uahi ke waikawa ke hana i ka hanu paʻakikī, akā hiki ke hopena i nā hopena i nā akemāmā a me nā alaloa

Hiki ke alakaʻi i ka wā lōʻihi i nā ʻohu a me nā pauma waikawa o nā puʻukū e hiki ai i nā maʻi e like me nā cataract respiratory respiratory, corrosion tissue, nā maʻi waha a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

I ka manawa ma ka ʻili, hiki i kēia waikawa ke hana i ka ʻulaʻula, ke ahi, a me nā mea hou aʻe. Inā loaʻa i kou mau maka, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka makapō.

Ma waho o ka weliweli i ke olakino, weliweli pū ka waika acid i ke kaiapuni. ʻO kahi pākeke kahiko i hoʻolei ʻia i loko o ka landfill a i ʻole ka ninini electrolyte hiki ke hoʻohaumia i ka wai honua, e alakaʻi ana i kahi pōʻino kaiapuni.

No laila, ʻo nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka poʻe loea penei:

• nānā mau i ka pae a me ka nui o ka electrolyte i nā wahi i hoʻoneʻe ʻia;
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka waikawa o nā pila ma kou mau lima, holoi koke iā lākou me kahi wai a me ka soda kope.

Lawe i nā akahele kūpono i ka lawelawe ʻana i ka waikawa.

• inā haʻahaʻa ka nui o ka electrolyte, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopili ʻana i kahi lawelawe loea a mai hoʻāʻo e hana iā ʻoe iho. ʻO ka hana ʻana me ka waikawa sulfuric me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūpono a me ka ʻike hiki ʻole ke hōʻino mau loa i kāu pakuhi, akā hōʻino hoʻi i kou olakino;
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi pila kahiko, mai hoʻolei iā ia i loko o ka ipu ʻōpala, akā e nānā no nā landfills kūikawā (a i ʻole nā ​​hale kūʻai e ʻae i nā paila kahiko). ʻOiai he neoneo weliweli nā pakuhi, hoʻolei ʻia i nā landfill a i ʻole nā ​​ipu i hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi pōʻino kaiapuni. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, e ninini ka electrolyte i loko o ka uila i ka lepo a me ka wai lepo.

Ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i kāu pila kahiko i nā wahi i koho ʻia, ʻaʻole ʻoe e pale wale i ke kaiapuni a me ke olakino o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, akā e kōkua pū ʻoe i ka hoʻokele waiwai e like me ka hiki ke hana hou ʻia nā pākeke rechargeable.
Lana ko mākou manaʻo ua lawe mai i kahi akāka hou aʻe i ke ʻano o ka waikawa i loko o nā paila a no ke aha e hoʻohana ʻia ai kēia ʻakika kikoʻī. Lana pū ko mākou manaʻo i ka manawa hou āu e pani ai i kāu pakuhi me kahi hou, e hōʻoia ʻoe e hoʻohana ʻia ka mea kahiko no ka hana hou ʻana, i mea e haumia ʻole ai ke kaiapuni a ʻaʻole e hōʻeha i ke olakino kanaka.

Nā nīnau a me nā pane:

He aha ka nui o ka waika i loko o ka pila? Ke hoʻohana nei ka pākaukau ʻakika sulfuric. Hoʻohui ʻia me ka wai hoʻoheheʻe. ʻO ka pākēneka o ka waikawa he 30-35% o ka nui electrolyte.

He aha ka sulfuric acid i loko o ka pākaukau? ʻOiai e hoʻopiʻi ana, hoʻokuʻu nā papa maikaʻi i nā electrons, a ʻae nā mea maikaʻi ʻole i ka lead oxide. I ka wā o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, hana ʻia ke kaʻina kūʻē i ke kua o ka sulfuric acid.

He aha ka hopena inā loaʻa ka ʻakika pākahiko ma kou ʻili? Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka electrolyte me ka ʻole o nā mea pale (nā mīkina lima, respirator a me nā goggles), a laila hoʻokumu ʻia kahi wela kemika ma ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka waikawa me ka ʻili.