Lepili aila. He aha ka ʻike nui loa?

ʻOiai he paʻakikī paha nā hōʻailona ma nā lepili aila kaʻa, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo. Pono ʻoe e heluhelu iā lākou.

ʻO ka ʻāpana mua e hoʻolohe ai ʻo ia ka viscosity. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻaila a me ke kūpaʻa o ka mīkini i ka wā hoʻomaka a me ka hana. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻaila ʻenekini me ka viscosity haʻahaʻa: 0W-30, 5W-30, 0W-40 a loaʻa iā ia nā mea pale ʻokoʻa i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO 5W-40 kahi kuʻikahi, ʻo ia hoʻi. nā aila viscosity waena. ʻO 10W-40, 15W-40 ke ʻano o ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa ʻoi aku o ka ʻōwili. He viscosity kiʻekiʻe loa ka 20W-50 a me ke kūpaʻa holo kiʻekiʻe, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka mīkini i nā wela kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO kekahi mea ʻo ka maikaʻi o ka ʻaila. Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia nā papa maikaʻi e like me ka ACEA (European Vehicle Manufacturers Association) a i ʻole API (American Petroleum Institute). Hoʻokaʻawale ka mea mua i nā aila i manaʻo ʻia no nā mīkini ʻaila (letter A), nā ʻenekini diesel (letter B) a me nā mīkini ʻaila me nā ʻōnaehana catalytic, a me nā mīkini diesel me nā kānana DPF (ka leka C). Hoʻopili ʻia ka leka e kahi helu ma ka laulā 1-5 (no ka papa C mai ka 1 a hiki i ka 4), hāʻawi kēia mau papa i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻāpana pale pale lole, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻaila i loko, e pili pono ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie.

Ma ka hihia o nā māka maikaʻi o ka API, ua hōʻike ʻia nā aila no nā ʻenekini gasoline e ka leka S a ukali ʻia e kahi leka alphabetical, no ka laʻana, SJ (ʻo ka ʻoi aku o ka leka, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻaila). E like me nā aila ʻenekini diesel, hoʻomaka ko lākou koho ʻana me ka leka C a hoʻopau me kahi leka ʻē aʻe, e like me CG. I kēia lā, ʻo nā papa API kiʻekiʻe loa ʻo SN a me CJ-4.

E nānā pū: Pehea e mālama ai i ka wahie?

Nui nā mea hana kaʻa e hoʻolauna i kā lākou mau kūlana ponoʻī e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka engine dyno a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke alanui. ʻO kēia mau ʻano maʻamau ʻo Volkswagen, MAN, Renault a i ʻole Scania. Inā aia nā ʻae a ka mea hana ma ka ʻeke, a laila ua hala ka ʻaila i nā hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi e hōʻoia i kāna mau waiwai.

Loaʻa paha ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a nā mea hana. Ua hui pū ʻo Castrol me nā mea hana kaʻa no nā makahiki a ʻo ia nā aila o kēia brand i manaʻo ʻia no nā ʻenekini o nā kaʻa e like me BMW, Ford, Seat, Volvo, Volkswagen, Audi, Honda a i ʻole Jaguar, hiki ke loaʻa ʻaʻole wale ma ka ʻaila. hoʻopili, akā ma ka pāpale hoʻopiha aila i loko o kēia mau kaʻa.

E nānā pū: He Rolls-Royce Cullinan kēia.