Nā kaʻa uila - he aha kāu e ʻike ai e pili ana iā lākou?

Ke ʻike ʻia nei nā kaʻa uila ma nā alanui Polani. Makemake nā kānaka iā lākou no nā kumu like ʻole. Ua hoihoi kekahi i ka aura o ka mea hou, ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka manawa e mālama ai i ke kālā, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano kaiapuni o kēia ʻano kaʻa.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai ka ulu ʻana o ka hoihoi i kēia kumuhana, he mea pohihihi ka kaʻa uila i nā poʻe he nui.

Inā pili ʻoe i kēia hui, ua hele mai ʻoe i kahi kūpono. ʻIke paha ʻoe, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, he aha ke kaʻa uila? Pehea ka hana? Pehea e neʻe ai? Ma hea a pehea e uku ʻia ai a ehia ke kumukūʻai?

E ʻike ʻoe i nā pane i kēia a me nā nīnau ʻē aʻe ma ka heluhelu ʻana i ka ʻatikala.

He aha ke kaʻa uila? Pehea ia hana?

E like me ka manaʻo o ka inoa, ʻo ke kaʻa uila he kaʻa e hoʻohana ana i kahi kaʻa uila ma mua o ka ʻenekini hoʻoheheʻe kūloko. ʻAʻohe wahie wai ma ʻaneʻi, e neʻe ana i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka pahū i loko o ka cylinder. Aia ka uila. Hele ʻo ia i nā coils conductive e hana i kahi māla magnetic. Loaʻa iā ia kahi rotor e hoʻololi a pēlā e hoʻoulu ai i ka neʻe.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kahi ʻokoʻa o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu no ka ʻenekini.

Ma kahi kaʻa maʻamau, e ʻike ʻoe i kahi pahu wahie. A i loko o ka uila aia kahi pākaukau e mālama ai i ka uila. Ua like lākou i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā ʻenekini a mākou i ʻike ai mai nā kelepona kelepona a i ʻole kamepiula, akā, e like me kāu e koho ai, ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou.

ʻO ka hoihoi! ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kaʻa uila a ʻoi aku ka māmā ma mua o ka mīkini hoʻopau i loko. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui a me ke kaumaha o ka pākaukau ma mua o ka pahu wahie.

ʻO ke kaʻa uila āu e koho ai?

Ke ʻimi nei e kūʻai i kaʻa uila? A laila e hoʻolohe i kekahi mau mea nui, ʻo ia hoʻi:

• hoʻokipa
• hiki i ka pākaukau a ʻoiaʻiʻo
• uku

Hoʻopili ʻia nā helu mua ʻelua i kekahi i kekahi. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pākaukau, ʻoi aku ka nui o kāu huakaʻi me ka hoʻouka ʻole ʻana. Eia naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka laulā kaʻa holoʻokoʻa ma muli o ka ʻenehana i hoʻohana ʻia e ka mea hana no ka ʻenekini. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hiʻohiʻona ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uila ma mua o ko lākou mau mea kūʻai aku.

No ke kumu kūʻai o mākou ...

ʻEhia ka nui o ke kaʻa uila haʻahaʻa loa?

ʻO ke kumukūʻai o kahi "electrician" e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka hiki a me ka mileage o ka pā. Hoʻopili pū ʻia ka waiwai hope e ka mana o ka mīkini a me nā mea pono āu e ʻike ai i loko - e like me ke kaʻa puhi kuni.

Eia nō naʻe, he mea hou ke kaʻa uila, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai ma mua o ke kumu hoʻoheheʻe kūloko o ka mana like. ʻOiai no nā makana haʻahaʻa loa, e mākaukau e hoʻolilo ma kahi o $ 100. zlotys.

Ma lalo ʻoe e ʻike ai i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o nā hiʻohiʻona i manaʻo ʻia he ʻoi loa ma Polani:

• Skoda CITIGO IV – PLN 82 (mālama mana: 050 km; mana mīkini: 260 hp a me 82 Nm; kaha pākahi: 212 kWh);
• Mea hoʻohālikelike akamai ʻo Fortwo – PLN 96 (mālama mana: 900 km; mana mīkini: 135 hp a me 60 Nm; kaha pākahi: 160 kWh);
• Volkswagen e-i! - PLN 97 (e like me ka ʻenekini a me ka pākaukau me Skoda);
• Mea hoʻohālikelike akamai no ʻehā PLN 98 (e like me ke akamai mua no ʻehā mau kānaka);
• Renault ZOE R135 – PLN 118 (mālama mana: 900 km; mana mīkini: 386 hp a me 135 Nm; kaha pākahi: 245 kWh).

E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻaʻole kēia mau mea pāʻani maʻalahi.

Pehea ka holo ʻana o ke kaʻa uila?

I ka nānā ʻana, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka kaʻa uila mai kahi kaʻa puhi ahi - i loko a i waho. Eia naʻe, e ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli koʻikoʻi i ka wā e hoʻokele ana.

ʻAʻole ʻoe e lohe i kahi kani ke hoʻomaka i ka ʻenekini. He mālie hoʻi i ke kaʻa ʻana, ʻoi aku ka ʻoluʻolu o ka holo.

ʻO ka mea hou aku, kahe ka mana i nā huila i ke kahawai mau. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ʻoe ʻike i ka lohi i ka wā e hoʻolalelale a hoʻololi paha i nā mea hana. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā EV he hoʻokahi wale nō ratio gear.

No kēia kumu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hiʻohiʻona uila maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka hopena o 3-4 kekona i kēlā me kēia haneli ka mea maʻamau no lākou.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, aia nō kekahi mau ʻino.

ʻOi aku ke kaumaha o nā kaʻa uila ma mua o nā kaʻa puhi ahi, hiki ke hōʻemi i ko lākou hiki ke hoʻokele (akā ʻaʻole kēia ka hihia). Eia kekahi, ʻoiai me nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole ʻoe e hauʻoli i ka holo wikiwiki ʻana. I ka hoʻokele kaʻa ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā, e aʻo koke ʻoe i ka mālama ʻana i ka laulā, a ma muli o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka pedal accelerator.

Ma hea e hoʻouka ai i kahi kaʻa uila?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ma ka home. ʻO nā mea a pau āu e hana ai, ʻo ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kaula kūpono i kahi puka maʻamau - e like me nā mea uila ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa kēia i kahi downside - ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻouka ʻana. ʻO kahi kumu maʻamau he hopena kūpono ʻole, no ka mea, ʻo kēlā me kēia hola o ka hoʻouka ʻana e like me ka 10-15 km o ka holo. 'O ia ho'i, hiki iā 'oe ke ho'opiha piha i ka pilahi o kāu ka'a li'ili'i i ka pō.

ʻO kahi kumu 16A (ʻulaʻula maʻamau), i loaʻa pinepine i loko o ka hale kaʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Mahalo i kēia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopiha i kou ikehu i hoʻokahi hola no kahi 50 km o ke kaʻa.

Aia kekahi puka ʻē aʻe - 32A, ʻoi aku ka nui a ʻelua ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kona mua. E ʻike ʻoe iā lākou ma nā hōkele a me nā keʻena hoʻoili kaʻa. Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke kaʻa i kēlā puka, e uhi ʻoe i 100 km i hoʻokahi hola, a i kekahi manawa ʻoi aku (e pili ana i ka mana o kēia kikowaena).

Pehea wau e hoʻouka ai i ke kaʻa uila?

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, he kakaʻikahi a ʻaʻohe wahi hoʻonaʻauao i nā kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi. No laila, ma ke ʻano he mea nona ke kaʻa uila e noho ana ma ia wahi, e hoʻopaʻi ʻia ʻoe e hoʻopaʻa i ka pākaukau ma kāu puka hale, inā makemake ʻoe a ʻaʻole paha.

Hana maikaʻi ʻia kēia i ka pō ke emi ka uku.

Eia naʻe, e hoʻomanaʻo i nā kaʻa mai nā mea hana like ʻole he ʻokoʻa nā hopena. ʻAʻole kūpono lākou i kēlā me kēia charger a i ʻole ke kahua hoʻoili.

Ka manawa hoʻouka kaʻa uila

E like me kāu i manaʻo ai, pili ka manawa e hoʻouka ai i ka mana o ka charger. Ma kahi puka maʻamau, e hoʻopiʻi ʻoe i kāu kaʻa me kahi pākahi liʻiliʻi i ka pō, akā no ka nui o ka hiki, pono ʻoe i ʻelua mau manawa like.

ʻO nā kumu 16A i ʻōlelo ʻia he hopena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, e hōʻemi ana i ka manawa hoʻopiʻi o nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi i kekahi mau hola. I ka pō, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻopiha piha i kāu mau mālama ikehu ma kahi hoʻohālike ʻoi aku ka nui.

ʻO ka koho hope loa a me ka wikiwiki loa, ʻo ia nā kumu kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma nā kikowaena hoʻoili. Me kā lākou kōkua, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopiha hou i ka 80% o ka hoʻopiʻi pākaukau i ka hapalua hola. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, he kakaikahi wale nō o lākou ma Polani.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai kaʻa uila

Ma Polani mākou e uku ma kahi o PLN 1 no 57 kW o ka uila. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe, no ka laʻana, he Renault Zoe (kapa pākaukau: 40 kW), hiki iā ʻoe ke uku iā ia a hiki i 320 km no kahi 23 PLN. He kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa loa kēia inā hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kaʻa ʻaila haʻahaʻa loa.

E lawe, no ka laʻana, i kekahi kumu hoʻohālike e hoʻohana ana i 5,5 lita o ka ʻaila no 100 mau kilomita. E uku ʻoe ma kahi o PLN 100 no ka mamao like.

No laila, mālama ʻoe i 77 PLN ma kahi kaʻa uila.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka pākaukau mai ke kaʻa uila e lawelawe iā ʻoe ma ke ʻano he kumu hou o ka ikehu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui iā ia, no ka laʻana, kahi mīkini holoi a hana i kāu holoi lole. Eia kekahi, hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka ikehu nui mai nā panela photovoltaic.

He palekana anei ka kaʻa uila?

ʻOi aku ka palekana ma mua o ke kaʻa puhi ahi. ʻO kēlā me kēia "electrician" he hana paʻakikī a paʻa, aia nā ʻāpana o ia mea i nā wahi maikaʻi. ʻAʻohe ʻenekini puhi ahi nui ma lalo o ka puʻupuʻu, no laila inā loaʻa kahi pōpilikia ʻaʻole ia e lawe ʻia i ke kaʻa.

ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻike i nā wahie puhi ahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻaila mai kahi mea uila.

“Pehea e pili ana i ka hoʻouka ʻana?” - ke nīnau nei ʻoe.

Loaʻa iā ia ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka palekana. ʻOiai i nā kūlana paʻakikī (ua / hau) hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopaʻa i kāu kaʻa me ka hilinaʻi. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana charging, me ka nānā ʻole i ke kumu hoʻohālike, he mau pae palekana e pale ai i ka mea hoʻokele mai nā pōʻino maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻEhia ka nui o ka aie ʻauhau kaʻa uila?

Ma muli o ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ke aupuni Polani i ke kānāwai e pili ana i ka electromobility, e loaʻa i nā mea makemake e kūʻai i kaʻa uila. ʻO ka mea koʻikoʻi o lākou ʻo ke kālā kālā no ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi kaʻa. Hele mai ia ma ʻekolu ʻano:

• Kaʻa ʻōmaʻomaʻo - hāʻawi kālā a hiki i 15% o ke kumukūʻai o ke kaʻa (max. PLN 18), akā ʻaʻole hiki ke kumukūʻai o ke kaʻa ma mua o PLN 700;
• Hummingbird - kōkua no nā mea hoʻokele ʻoihana (no ka laʻana, nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa) a hiki i ka 20% o ka waiwai o ke kaʻa (max. PLN 25), akā ʻaʻole hiki i ke kumu kūʻai o ke kaʻa ke ʻoi aku ma mua o PLN 150. złoty;
• eVAN – kōkua no nā kaʻa (max. PLN 70).

Eia nō naʻe, aia ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe e hoʻololi ʻia nā papahana i luna. ʻO ka mea mua, ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā kamaʻāina (he mau haneli wale nō ka poʻe i hoʻohana i ke kālā).

ʻO ke kumu o kēia ke kumu kūʻai nui loa o ke kaʻa. Hoʻopili loa kēia i ka laulā o nā hiʻohiʻona i loaʻa, ʻoi aku no nā mea hoʻokele pilikino.

Nā pono hou no nā kaʻa uila

Mahalo i ke kānāwai e pili ana i ka electromobility, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻokele kaʻa uila. Ma ke ʻano he mea nona ia kaʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā ala kaʻa kaʻa e pale aku ai i nā kaʻa. Eia hou, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻoe mai nā uku no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahi kaʻa i uku ʻia.

Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka manawa kūpono e kū i waho o ka lehulehu. Pehea? Hiki i kēlā me kēia kaʻa uila i hoʻopaʻa inoa hou ʻia ke hoʻokele ma nā papa ʻōmaʻomaʻo kūikawā.

Pono ʻoe e kūʻai i nā kaʻa uila? Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

ʻOiai ʻo ka moʻolelo kaiapuni e lawe mai i nā pono a me nā pōmaikaʻi kaiapuni i ke ola, a he nui nā pōmaikaʻi o nā kaʻa uila, ʻaʻole lawa kēia no nā mea hoʻokele.

ʻO ka mea mua, ua paʻa ʻia e ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o kēia ʻano kaʻa. He ʻoiaʻiʻo he ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā, akā ʻo ke kumukūʻai mua he mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻopau ʻia no nā poʻe he nui.

ʻO kahi hemahema ʻē aʻe, ma ka liʻiliʻi ma Polani, ʻo ia ka helu liʻiliʻi o nā kikowaena charging kūikawā. Hoʻoikaika kēia iā ʻoe e hoʻohana i nā hale kūʻai hale kūpono ʻole a kaupalena i kāu mau koho ma nā huakaʻi lōʻihi.

ʻO ka hōʻoluʻolu hoʻokele a me ka ecology he mea liʻiliʻi i nā mea hoʻokele e pono e hoʻolilo ma kahi o 100 tausani kālā. PLN no ke kumu hoʻohālike kaʻa nāwaliwali loa. Me he mea lā ʻaʻole lawa kēia, ʻoiai ke kaʻa ʻana, ke nānā mau nei lākou i ke koena o ka mana i koe, no ka mea, mamao loa lākou mai ka home, a i ʻole i kahi kokoke loa.

He aha kou manaʻo no nā mea uila? E haʻi i kou manaʻo ma nā manaʻo!