Nā ʻenekini Volkswagen Golf
Nā mea
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hui kaʻa nui kahi hiʻohiʻona e like me ke kaula ʻulaʻula i ka wā holoʻokoʻa o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka brand, e lanakila ana i ka mahalo o nā loea a me ke aloha o nā mea hoʻohana maʻamau. ʻO ia ʻano mīkini kahi ʻano hoʻāʻo ʻana no nā mea hoʻolālā, ʻenekinia a me nā loea mea kanu mana. Ma Volkswagen AG, ua hāʻule ka hanohano o ka lilo ʻana i "beacon" lōʻihi o ka mākeke i ke kaʻa Golf.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala o keʻano
ʻO ka kaʻa mua o ke kumu hoʻohālike Golf, i ʻōwili ʻia mai ka laina hui i ka makahiki 1974, ua kapa ʻia ma hope o ka wai mahana o ke kahawai ʻo Gulf Stream, kahi e holoi ai i ke kahakai holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻāina ʻEulopa me kona wai. No laila ua makemake nā mea hoʻolālā e hoʻoikaika i ka makemake e hana i kahi kaʻa e lilo i mea punahele no ka hui ʻana o Old Europe. Ua lanakila maikaʻi lākou: ma kahi o 26 miliona mau kope i ʻōwili ʻia mai nā laina hui o nā hale hana VW.
I ka manawa like, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ke kaʻa, ʻo ka kope mua i loaʻa ka inoa ʻenehana "Tour-17" a ʻaʻole lākou i manaʻo e hoʻohuli: kaulana loa ke kaʻa i waena o nā poʻe ʻEulopa o ka papa waena. Ua loaʻa i ke kaʻa nā makana hanohano ma nā hōʻike kaʻa kaulana loa o ka honua. ʻO ka piko ka ʻike ʻia o ka ʻehiku o ka makahiki Golf World Car of the Year (WCOTY) ma 2013.
ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ke kaʻa kolepa o ka poʻe Kelemania ma nā alanui ʻEulopa.
1st generation: 1974-1993 (Mk.1)
ʻO nā hatchback kolepa mua loa he mau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, kaʻa huila mua a me kahi ʻenekini 1,1-lita o loko (FA) me ka mana o 50 hp. Ua hāʻawi ʻia ke kuleana no ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka wahie i kahi mīkini kahiko e nā kūlana hou - he carburetor. ʻO kahi mana diesel like (factory code CK) i hoʻokahi makahiki a me ka hapa ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana ʻana o nā kaʻa mua. ʻO ka nui o ka holo ʻana o ka moʻo mua o nā kaʻa Golf he 6,7 miliona mau ʻāpana. Ma ka Repubalika o ʻApelika Hema, ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā hatchbacks ʻekolu-puka Mk.1 a hiki i 2008.
2nd generation: 1983-1992 (Mk.2)
Ma hope o ka loiloi ʻana i ka hopena hoʻokele waiwai mai ke kūʻai aku ʻana i ka moʻolelo mua o "Tour-17", ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻokele o Volkswagen AG i 10 mau makahiki ma hope mai i ka hana ʻana i ka mana hou o ka Golf. ʻO ke kaʻa, ma waho aʻe o kona nui nui, ua loaʻa i nā mea hou - he ʻōnaehana anti-lock braking, hoʻokele mana, a me kahi kamepiula ma luna o ka papa. Ua hoʻomaka kēia moʻo i ka huila holoʻokoʻa ʻo Synchro G60 me kahi ʻenekini 1,8-lita GU (GX) e hana ana i 160 hp.
3nd generation: 1991-2002 (Mk.3)
Eia hou, ʻaʻole i haʻalele nā mea ʻenehana VW mai ka kuʻuna, e hoʻomaka ana i ke kolu o ka moʻo Golf ma 1991, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻokahi makahiki ma mua o ka pau ʻana o ka hui ʻana o nā kaʻa Mk.2. ʻO nā kaʻa me ka nui hana o 1,4-2,9 lita. ua hoʻokomo ʻia ma lalo o nā puʻu o nā kaʻa o ʻekolu mau ʻano: hatchback, station wagon a me convertible. ʻO ka hopena o nā makahiki he ʻumi o ka hana ʻana o nā kaʻa o ke kolu o ka moʻo he 5 miliona mau kope.
4nd generation: 1997-2010 (Mk.4)
ʻO kahi kokoke ʻehā makahiki hoʻomaha i ka hana serial o ka Golf i puhi i nā mākeke kaʻa ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika: i ka makahiki 1997, ua ʻike ʻia ke kaʻa Mk.4 i loko o nā keʻena hōʻikeʻike kaʻa i kahi hoʻolālā hou loa, me ka ʻole o nā kihi ʻoi, me kahi loko a la Passat a he pūʻulu mana like ʻole. Ultra-modern pololei wahie injection ua laha loa. ʻO ke kaʻa ikaika loa i ka moʻo, ʻo ia ka 3,2-lita o nā huila holoʻokoʻa R32 me kahi pahu pahu preselective DSG.
5nd generation: 2003-2009 (Mk.5)
No nā makahiki ʻeono, ua hana ʻia ke kaʻa o ka hanauna e hiki mai ana, 5th. Nā koho kino: hatchback a me ke kaʻa kaʻa. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka Golf Plus hoʻokahi-volume mai ka manawa like, akā he kaʻa kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa kēia, kūpono i kāna mōʻaukala hana. ʻO nā hana ʻenehana o kēlā manawa - kahi hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā loulou he nui, ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kino me ka rigidity e 80% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka moʻo mua, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea mana e pili ana i nā mīkini TSI a me FSI.
6nd generation: 2009-2012 (Mk.6)
Ua hāʻawi ʻia ka hoʻolālā o nā kaʻa hou iā Walter da Silva. ʻO ka mea ʻenehana akamai i kālele i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻāpana a me nā hoʻonohonoho o nā ʻenekini, ma ka laulā, e waiho ana i nā ʻāpana geometric o ka 5th generation Golf me ka loli ʻole. I nā mīkini mīkini a me nā pahu pahu, nā ʻāpana preselective e like me DSG a me ultra-modern, nā robotic i hoʻohui ʻia i nā ʻano ākea. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke kaʻa ikaika loa, ʻo Golf R, ka mīkini a mākou e kamaʻilio ai ma lalo nei.
7nd generation: 2012-2018 (Mk.7)
ʻO ke ola o Volkswagen Golf i kēia lā he ʻelima mau puka hatchbacks me 125 a i ʻole 150-horsepower 1,4-lita turbocharged engines no ka mākeke Lūkini. Ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika, ʻoi aku ka laulā o nā kaʻa: kūʻai ʻia nā kaʻa kaʻa me nā hybrid, diesel a i ʻole nā mea kanu uila āpau. Ua hana pū ʻia ka hiʻohiʻona hou o ka Golf e Walter da Silva. Ua hoʻohui ʻia kahi pā o ka mea hou i ka paʻakikī. E like me kāu e manaʻo ai, lanakila ke ʻano haʻuki hou i loko o lākou. Hana ʻia ka mīkini e like me ka māmā ma muli o ke kahua MQB hou. Ma ka hope, hāʻawi nā mea ʻenehana i kahi "mea hoʻopihapiha" piha: kahi torsion beam a i ʻole kahi koho multi-link. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo ke koho o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana e pili ana i ka mana o ka mana o ka mana a me ke ʻano hoʻokele.
8th hanauna: 2019-i kēia manawa (Mk.8)
Loaʻa nā ʻōnaehana hou a pau i ka Golf Mk.8. I ka adaptive cruise control, nā ʻōnaehana kāmela holoʻokoʻa, ka hiki ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona alanui a me nā hōʻailona, ua hoʻohui ʻia kahi hoʻokele uila. Mai ka Passat, ua loaʻa i ke kaʻa hou kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele semi-autonomous Travel Assist.
No ka manawa mua, ua ʻike ʻia ka maʻamau Car2X ma nā kaʻa Volkswagen. Ke hoʻohana nei, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i ka ʻike me nā kaʻa i loaʻa i loko o kahi radius a hiki i 0,8 km. Me 24 tausani mau kaʻa ʻewalu mau makahiki i kūʻai ʻia mai Dekemaba 2019, ua nalowale ka Golf i kona kūlana ma ke ʻano he kaʻa kūʻai maikaʻi loa ma ʻEulopa i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2020: ua ʻoi aku ia e ka hanauna hou Renault Clio.
Nā ʻenekini no Volkswagen Golf
ʻIke mua ʻia ma nā alanui ʻEulopa i ka makahiki 1974, ua lilo ka Volkswagen Golf i hale hoʻāʻo maoli no nā ʻenekinia o ka māhele propulsion o ka hopohopo. Ma luna o 45 mau makahiki, ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua haneli diesel a me nā mea hoʻokele gasoline ma lalo o ka uhi o nā kaʻa o nā ʻano hoʻolālā like ʻole. He ʻano moʻolelo kēia: ʻaʻohe mea hana kaʻa ʻē aʻe i hāʻawi i hoʻokahi kumu hoʻohālike i ke kuleana o kahi kahua hoʻokolohua hoʻolālā.
Nui nā mana mana no ka Golf ma ka papa inoa ma lalo nei, kūʻē i ka kuʻuna, ʻaʻole e hoʻokaʻawale i nā wahi māhele o nā mīkini, i kēia manawa, i mea e pale aku ai i ka huikau, pono mākou e hōʻike kaʻawale i ka ʻikepili ʻenehana o nā mea kanu mana. ka mākeke Lūkini a me nā mea kūʻai aku ma ʻEulopa / ʻAmelika. No laila, ma nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ka papaʻaina, hiki ke hana hou i nā code hale hana.
| Mākaʻu | ʻAno | Volume, cm3 | Ka mana kiʻekiʻe, kW / hp | Pūnaehana mana |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| F.A., G.G. | ʻenekini | 1093 | 37/50 | OHC, carburetor |
| FH, FD | -: - | 1471 | 51/70 | OHC, carburetor |
| CK | kakolina diesel | 1471 | 37/50 | OHC |
| FP | ʻenekini | 1588 | 55/75, 74/101, 99/135 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| EG | -: - | 1588 | 81/110 | OHC, mea hoʻokomo mīkini |
| GF | -: - | 1272 | 44/60 | OHC, carburetor |
| JB | -: - | 1457 | 51/70 | OHC, carburetor |
| RE | -: - | 1595 | 53/72 | OHC, carburetor |
| EW | ||||
| EX | -: - | 1781 | 66 / 90, 71 / 97 | SOHC a i ʻole OHC, carburetor |
| 2H | -: - | 3980 | 72/98, 76/103, 77/105, 85/115, | SOHC a i ʻole OHC, carburetor |
| DX | -: - | 1781 | 82/112 | OHC, mea hoʻokomo mīkini |
| CR, JK | kakolina diesel | 1588 | 40/54 | OHC |
| CY | diesel turbocharged | 1588 | 51/70 | SOHC |
| HK, MH | ʻenekini | 1272 | 40/55 | OHC, carburetor |
| JP | kakolina diesel | 1588 | 40/54 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| JR | -: - | 1588 | 51/70 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| VAG PN | ʻenekini | 1595 | 51/69 | OHC, carburetor |
| VAG RF | -: - | 1595 | 53/72 | OHC, carburetor |
| EZ | -: - | 1595 | 55/75 | OHC, carburetor |
| GU, GX | -: - | 1781 | 66/90 | OHC, carburetor |
| RD | -: - | 1781 | 79/107 | OHC, carburetor |
| VAG HOME | -: - | 1595 | 55/75 | OHC, carburetor |
| PL | -: - | 1781 | 95/129 | DOHC, hoʻokomo uila |
| KR | -: - | 1781 | 95/129, 100/136, 102/139 | pepeke |
| NZ | -: - | 1272 | 40/55 | OHC, hoʻopili uila |
| RA, SB | diesel turbocharged | 1588 | 59/80 | OHC |
| 1H | ʻaila me ka compressor | 1763 | 118/160 | OHC, hoʻopili uila |
| GX, RP | ʻenekini | 1781 | 66/90 | OHC, hoʻopili uila |
| 1P | -: - | 1781 | 72/98 | OHC, hoʻopili uila |
| PF | -: - | 1781 | 79/107 | pepeke |
| PB | -: - | 1781 | 82/112 | pepeke |
| PG | ʻaila me ka compressor | 1781 | 118/160 | OHC, hoʻopili uila |
| 3G | -: - | 1781 | 154/210 | DOHC, hoʻokomo uila |
| ABD, AEX | ʻenekini | 1391 | 40 / 55, 44 / 60 | OHC |
| AEK | -: - | 1595 | 74 / 100, 74 / 101 | SOHC, hookomo awa |
| AFT | -: - | 1595 | 74 / 100, 74 / 101 | SOHC, hookomo awa |
| ʻApana | -: - | 1598 | 55/75 | OHC |
| AAM, ANN | -: - | 1781 | 55/75 | OHC, hoʻopili uila |
| ABS, ACC, ADZ, ANP | -: - | 1781 | 66/90 | OHC, hoʻokahi injection |
| AEF | kakolina diesel | 1896 | 47/64 | OHC |
| AAZ | diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 54 / 74, 55 / 75 | OHC |
| 1Z, AHU, AKA | -: - | 1896 | 47 / 64, 66 / 90 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| AFN | -: - | 1896 | 81/110 | OHC hoʻokuʻi pololei |
| 2E,ADY | ʻenekini | 1984 | 85/115 | DOHC a i ʻole OHC, hoʻoheheʻe uila |
| ʻO AGG | -: - | 1984 | 85/115 | SOHC, hookomo awa |
| ABF | -: - | 1984 | 110/150 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| AAA | -: - | 2792 | 128/174 | OHC |
| ABV | -: - | 2861 | 135 / 184, 140 / 190 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| AKS | -: - | 1595 | 74/101 | OHC, hoʻopili uila |
| AWG, AWF | -: - | 1984 | 85/115 | OHC, hoʻopili uila |
| AHW, AKQ, APE, AXP, BCA | -: - | 1390 | 55/75 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| AEH, AKL, APF | ʻaila turbocharged | 1595 | 74 / 100, 74 / 101 | DOHC a i ʻole OHC, hoʻoheheʻe uila |
| AVU, BFQ | ʻenekini | 1595 | 75/102 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| ATN, AUS, AZD, BCB | ʻenekini | 1595 | 77/105 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| hewa | -: - | 1598 | 81/110 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| AGN, BAF | -: - | 1781 | 92/125 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| AGU, ARZ, AUM | ʻaila turbocharged | 1781 | 110/150 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| AUQ | -: - | 1781 | 132/180 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| AGP, AQM | kakolina diesel | 1896 | 50/68 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| AGR | diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 50 / 68, 66 / 90 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| AXR, ATD | -: - | 1896 | 74/100 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| AHF, ASV | -: - | 1896 | 81/110 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| AJM, AUY | -: - | 1896 | 85/115 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| ASZ | -: - | 1896 | 96/130 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| ARL | -: - | 1896 | 110/150 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| APK | ʻenekini | 1984 | 85 / 115, 85 / 116 | DOHC a i ʻole OHC, hoʻoheheʻe awa |
| AZH | -: - | 1984 | 85/115 | DOHC a i ʻole OHC, hoʻoheheʻe awa |
| AZJ | -: - | 1984 | 85/115 | OHC |
| AGZ | -: - | 2324 | 110/150 | DOHC a i ʻole OHC, hoʻoheheʻe awa |
| AQN | -: - | 2324 | 125/170 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| AQP, AUE, BDE | -: - | 2771 | 147 / 200, 150 / 204 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| BFH, BML | -: - | 3189 | 177/241 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| PALAPALA | ʻaila hinu | 1984 | 75/102 | OHC, hoʻokomo awa |
| BCA | ʻenekini | 1390 | 55/75 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| mohala | -: - | 1390 | 59/80 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| BKG, BLN | -: - | 1390 | 66/90 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| PAHU | ʻaila turbocharged | 1390 | 90/122 | DOHC |
| ʻO BMY | -: - | 1390 | 103/140 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| BLG | -: - | 1390 | 125/170 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| BGU, BSE, BSF | ʻenekini | 1595 | 75/102 | OHC, hoʻokomo awa |
| ʻEKE, BLF, BLP | -: - | 1598 | 85/115 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| BRU, BXF, BXJ | diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 66/90 | OHC, hoʻokomo awa |
| BKC, BLS, BXE | -: - | 1896 | 77/105 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| BDK | -: - | 1968 | 55/75 | OHC, hoʻokomo awa |
| BKD | -: - | 1968 | 103/140 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| BMN | -: - | 1968 | 125/170 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| AXW, BLR, BLX, BLY, BVX, BVY, BVZ | ʻenekini | 1984 | 110/150 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| AXX, BPY, BWA, CAWB, CCTA | -: - | 1984 | 147/200 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| BYD | -: - | 1984 | 169 / 230, 177 / 240 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| BDB, BMJ, BUB, CBRA | -: - | 3189 | 184/250 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| CAVD | -: - | 1390 | 118/160 | DOHC |
| BLS, BXE | diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 74 / 100, 77 / 105 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CBDB | -: - | 1968 | 77 / 105, 103 / 140 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CBZA | ʻaila turbocharged | 1197 | 63/85 | OHC |
| CBZB | -: - | 1197 | 77/105 | OHC |
| CGGA | ʻenekini | 1390 | 59/80 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| CCSA | -: - | 1595 | 72/105 | OHC, hoʻokomo awa |
| CAYB | diesel turbocharged | 1598 | 66/90 | DOHC, Kaʻa Kaʻa Maʻamau |
| CAYC | -: - | 1598 | 77/105 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CHGA | ʻenekini | 1595 | 72 / 98, 75 / 102 | DOHC a i ʻole OHC, hoʻoheheʻe awa |
| CBDC, CLCA, CUUA | diesel turbocharged | 1968 | 81/110 | DOHC, Kaʻa Kaʻa Maʻamau |
| CBAB, CFFB, CJAA, CFHC | -: - | 1968 | 103/140 | DOHC, Kaʻa Kaʻa Maʻamau |
| CBBB, CFGB | -: - | 1968 | 125/170 | DOHC, Kaʻa Kaʻa Maʻamau |
| CCZB | ʻaila turbocharged | 1984 | 154 / 210, 155 / 211 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| CDLG | -: - | 1984 | 173/235 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| CDLF | -: - | 1984 | 199/270 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| CJZB, CYVA | -: - | 1197 | 63/85 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CJZA | -: - | 1197 | 77/105 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CYB | -: - | 1197 | 81/110 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CMBA, CPVA | ʻaila turbocharged | 1395 | 90/122 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| HANOHANO | -: - | 1395 | 92/125 | DOHC |
| CHEA, CHEA | -: - | 1395 | 110/150 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CLHB | diesel turbocharged | 1598 | 66/90 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CLHA | -: - | 1598 | 77/105 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| EKALESIA | -: - | 1598 | 81/110, 85/115, 85/116 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CRBC, CRLB | -: - | 1968 | 110/150 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| MOEOLE | diesel turbocharged | 1968 | 135/184 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CHZD | ʻaila turbocharged | 999 | 81/110, 85/115, 85/116 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| VINEGA, CXSA | ʻenekini | 1395 | 90/122 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CJXE | ʻaila turbocharged | 1984 | 195/265 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CDAA | -: - | 1798 | 118 / 160, 125 / 170 | DOHC |
| CRMB, DCYA, MAUA, CRLB | diesel turbocharged | 1968 | 110/150 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CHHB | ʻaila turbocharged | 1984 | 154/210, 162/220, 168/228 | DOHC |
| CHHA | -: - | 1984 | 162 / 220, 169 / 230 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| CJXC | -: - | 1984 | 215 / 292, 221 / 300 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CHPA, CPTA | -: - | 1395 | 103 / 140, 108 / 147 | hoʻokomo ʻana i nā helu lehulehu |
| DLBA | -: - | 1984 | 168 / 228, 180 / 245 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| NA LA | -: - | 1984 | 212 / 288, 221 / 300 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CJXG, DJHA | -: - | 1984 | 215 / 292, 228 / 310 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CHZK | -: - | 999 | 63/85 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CHZC | -: - | 999 | 81/110 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| DDYA | diesel turbocharged | 1598 | 85 / 115, 85 / 116 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CRMB, DCYA, MAUA, CRLB | -: - | 1968 | 110/150 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CPWA | ʻaila turbocharged | 1395 | 81/110 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| DACA | ʻaila turbocharged | 1498 | 96/130 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| DKRF | -: - | 999 | 85 / 115, 85 / 116 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| DADA | -: - | 1498 | 96 / 130, 110 / 150 | DOHC |
| DPCA | -: - | 1498 | 110/150 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| DHFA | ʻaila turbocharged | 1498 | 96/130 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| AHW, AXP, AKQ, APE, BCA | ʻenekini | 1390 | 55/75 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| AEH, AKL, APF | ʻaila turbocharged | 1595 | 74 / 100, 74 / 101 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| AVU, BFQ | ʻenekini | 1595 | 75/102 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| AGN | -: - | 1781 | 92/125 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| AGU, ARZ, AUM | ʻaila turbocharged | 1781 | 110/150 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| AGR | diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 50 / 68, 66 / 90 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| AHF, ASV | -: - | 1896 | 81/110 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| AZJ | ʻenekini | 1984 | 85/115 | OHC |
| APK | -: - | 1984 | 85 / 115, 85 / 116 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| AGZ | -: - | 2324 | 110/150 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| AQP, AUE, BDE | -: - | 2771 | 147 / 200, 150 / 204 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| BGU, BSE, BSF | ʻenekini | 1595 | 75/102 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| ʻEKE, BLF, BLP | -: - | 1598 | 85/115 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| BJB, BKC, BXE | diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 77/105 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| BKD | -: - | 1968 | 103/140 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| AXW, BLR, BLX, BLY, BVY, BVZ, BVX, BMB | ʻenekini | 1984 | 110/150 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| CBZA | ʻaila turbocharged | 1197 | 63/85 | OHC |
| CBZB | -: - | 1197 | 77/105 | OHC |
| CGGA | ʻenekini | 1390 | 59/80 | DOHC, puunaue puana |
| PAHU | -: - | 1390 | 90/122 | DOHC |
| CAVD | -: - | 1390 | 118/160 | DOHC |
| CMXA, CCSA | -: - | 1595 | 75/102 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| CAYC | diesel turbocharged | 1598 | 77/105 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CLCA, CBDC | -: - | 1968 | 81/110 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CBAA, CBAB, CFFB | diesel turbocharged | 1968 | 103/140 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CBBB, CFGB | -: - | 1968 | 125/170 | ʻO ka hoʻokomo pololei ʻana o DOHC |
| CCZB | ʻaila turbocharged | 1984 | 154 / 210, 155 / 211 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CDLG | -: - | 1984 | 173/235 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CRZA, CDLC | -: - | 1984 | 188/255 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CLCA | diesel turbocharged | 1984 | 81/110 | ʻO Rail Rail |
| CDLF | ʻaila turbocharged | 1984 | 199/270 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CJZB, CYVA | -: - | 1197 | 63/85 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CJZA | -: - | 1197 | 77/105 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CMBA, CPVA, CUKA, CXCA | ʻenekini | 1395 | 90/122 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| HANOHANO | ʻaila turbocharged | 1395 | 92/125 | DOHC |
| CHPA, CPTA | -: - | 1395 | 103 / 140, 108 / 147 | hoʻokomo ʻana i nā helu lehulehu |
| CHEA, CHEA | -: - | 1395 | 110/150 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CWVA | ʻenekini | 1598 | 81/110 | hāʻawi ʻia |
| CHHB | ʻaila turbocharged | 1984 | 154/210, 162/220, 168/228 | DOHC |
| CJXC | -: - | 1984 | 215 / 292, 221 / 300 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
| CJZA | -: - | 1197 | 77/105 | ʻōkuhi pololei |
ʻO ka hana ʻana o ia ʻano nui o nā mea kanu mana, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hui pū ʻia me nā milestones. No nā makahiki he 45, ma lalo o ka puʻupuʻu o ka Volkswagen Golf, ua kipa ke kala holoʻokoʻa o ka manaʻo hoʻolālā - mai ka carburetor maʻamau i loko o nā mīkini hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā ʻenekini māhoe me nā ʻōnaehana uila uila. ʻO ka pōkole, me kahi hōʻike o nā ʻano ʻenehana nui - e pili ana i kēlā me kēia milestone.
Enekinia FA (GG)
ʻO ka mīkini mua loa, i hoʻokomo ʻia e nā ʻenekini Volkswagen AG ma lalo o ka puʻupuʻu o ka Tur-17, he 1093 cm3 ka neʻe ʻana. No ka mahalo ʻana i ka liʻiliʻi o ka mīkini i ka Golf mua, e nānā wale i ka torque kiʻekiʻe loa: ʻo 77 Nm wale nō, ʻeono a ʻehiku mau manawa i emi iho ma mua o nā mīkini hoʻoneʻe waena o nā makahiki he ʻumi hope o ka XNUMXth - mua ʻumi makahiki o ke kenekulia XNUMX. .
Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe:
- pākuʻi kōmike - 8,0: 1;
- ke anawaena cylinder - 69,5 mm;
- helu o nā paukūʻolokaʻa - 4;
- ka helu o nā kiwi - 8.
ʻO ka wikiwiki loa o ke kaʻa i lako ʻia me ka ʻenekini FA (GG) he 105 km/h.
ʻenekini DX
I ka makahiki 1977, ua komo nā kaʻa Golf 1st i ka mākeke me kahi mīkini hou me ka nui o ka hana o 1781 cm3 (mana - 112 hp). Ua loaʻa iā ia ka code factory DX. No ka manawa mua, ua neʻe aku nā ʻenekini Kelemania mai ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka carburetor: ua lawe ʻia ka wahie i loko o ka ʻōnaehana mana ma o ka mīkini injector.
- Kaʻa manawa - kaʻa;
- ʻano poʻo - SOHC / OHC;
- ʻano hoʻoluʻu - wai;
- lākiō kōmi - 10,0:1.
ʻO ka wahie i hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻenekini DX he ʻaila A95 unleaded.
Enekinia PL
I ka makahiki 1987, ua hōʻike ka poʻe hana ʻenekini i kahi kahaha maoli i nā kaʻa kolepa holo kaʻa mua o ka hanauna 2: no ka manawa mua, ua hiki ke hoʻolako i kahi mīkini me ʻelua camshafts me kahi ʻōnaehana uila uila uila ultra-modern i ka intake manifold KE. -Jetronic.
Hoʻolako ʻia ka mīkini ʻaila turbocharged me kahi catalyst hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia.
ʻO kahi mīkini 4-cylinder i loko o ka laina me ka nui o ka hana o 1781 cm3 i hana i 129 hp. Ma ka pololei, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole i hoʻohana nui ʻia ka hoʻokele uila ma nā ʻenekini i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā kaʻa Golf. Maikaʻi koke, ua pani ʻia e kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele pololei ʻoi aku ka waiwai.
ʻO nā mīkini ikaika loa no Volkswagen Golf
ʻO ka mana kiʻekiʻe loa ma ke kū, a ma hope o nā hoʻāʻo alanui (270 hp), ua hoʻomohala ʻia e nā hatchbacks Golf holo kaʻa āpau ʻekolu puka o ka hanauna 6th Mk6 (2008) me ka hoʻouna ʻakomi. Ma ke ʻano he mana mana, ua hoʻohana lākou i nā mīkini CDLF, i hana ʻia mai 2004 a 2014 ma ka hale kanu Audi ma Győr, Hungary.
ʻO ka mīkini 2,0 TFSI o ka pūʻulu EA113 me ka code factory CDLF kahi hoʻomohala hou aʻe o ke kope poʻo o ka moʻo, ka AXX aspirated (ma hope - BYD). He ʻenekini i loko o ka laina 4-cylinder 16-valve me kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele wahie pololei. Nā hiʻohiʻona nui:
- mea pahu pahu pahu - hao;
- pākuʻi kōmike - 10,5: 1;
- ka nui - 1984 cm3;
- kiʻekiʻe torque - 350 Nm ma 3500 rpm;
- ka mana nui loa - 270 hp
Me ka mīkini CDLF i hoʻokomo ʻia ma lalo o ka puʻupuʻu, hiki i nā "golf" ke kaena i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie haʻahaʻa.
- i loko o ka māla - 12,6 l;
- ma waho o ke kūlanakauhale - 6,6 l;
- hui pū ʻia - 8,8 l.
ʻO ka mea puhi ea he KKK K03 turbine me ke kaomi o 0,9 bar. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā turbine K04 ikaika aʻe ma nā ʻano kani o ka hatchback.
No ka hana ʻenehana paʻa, e koi ʻia ma kahi o 500 g/1000 km o 5W30 a i ʻole 5W40 aila.
ʻO ka nui o ka aila i loko o ka ʻenekini he 4,6 lita. ʻO nā ʻāpana hoʻololi aila i makemake ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i kēlā me kēia 15 tausani km. mile mile ʻO ka koho kūpono no ka ʻōnaehana e hoʻololi i ka ʻaila ma hope o 8 tausani km. ʻO ka pae hoʻopiha ʻaila maʻamau (koe wale no ka mua) ʻo 4,0 l.
Ua lilo ka mīkini i mea kūleʻa loa i "neʻe" mai kahi "golf" liʻiliʻi i nā kumu hoʻohālike Audi paʻa (A1, S3 a me TTS), a me ka Seat Leon Cupra R a me Volkswagen Scirocco R. He mea mahalo ia. ua hōʻole nā mea hoʻolālā e uhi i ka pahu cylinder me ke poʻo alumini, i hana ʻia me ka hao. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻenekini BYD, he ʻokoʻa ka CDLF intake manifold, kahi intercooler hou a me ka camshaft intake. Nā hoʻomaikaʻi ʻē aʻe:
- ke kaulike o ke poʻo cylinder me ʻelua kumu kaulike;
- crankshaft me ka mānoanoa o ke kai hoomau;
- Hoʻolālā ʻia nā pistons no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā koʻokoʻo hoʻohui koʻikoʻi.
Hoʻolako ʻia ka ʻenekini me nā mea hoʻopiʻi hydraulic a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea hoʻololi hoʻololi ma ke kumu intake. Hoʻohana ʻia ke kāʻei o ka manawa, me kahi kaʻina hana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia 90 tausani km.
Hoʻomaka mua ʻia e hoʻokō i nā kūlana kaiapuni Euro IV, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka mīkini i ka wā e hana ai i ka protocol Euro V. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā hoʻoiho CO2 ʻo 195-199 g / km. ʻAʻole i hoʻokumu nā mea hoʻomohala i kahi ola lawelawe no ka mīkini CDLF, akā ma kahi o 300 tausani km. Hiki i ka mīkini ho'ololi ke hana no 250 tausani km me ka nele o ke ola lawelawe, a ma ka hana ki'eki'e hiki ke pi'i i ka hapalua miliona mau kilomita.
Pono ʻoe i ka mana hou aʻe?
8 mau makahiki ma hope mai, i ka makahiki 2016, ua hoʻoholo ka mechanics o Volkswagen AG e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua hoihoi: ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻolako i nā hatchbacks ʻelima puka o ka hanauna 6 me nā ʻenekini 1,9-lita turbocharged gasoline ultra-modern o ka moʻo EA888:
- CJXC - 292-300 hp;
- DNUE – 288-300 hp;
- CJXG (DJHA) – 292-310 hp.
Pehea ka pono o ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ia mau mea kanu mana nui i ka liʻiliʻi, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā sedans maʻamau, nā kaʻa, hiki i kekahi ke koho wale. Hoʻolako ʻia nā ʻenekini a pau me kahi ʻōnaehana wahie injection pololei.
Ma ka laʻana o ka mīkini CJXC, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o nā mīkini i kā lākou mau keiki ma ke ʻano o ka pono. Hoʻohana wahie:
- i loko o ka māla - 9,1 l;
- ma waho o ke kūlanakauhale - 5,8 l;
- hui pū ʻia - 7,0 l.
ʻO ka lalo o ka hoʻokele waiwai ka pilikia o ka mālama ʻana i ke kaomi maʻamau. ʻO nā hemahema nui i ka hana ʻana o nā ʻenekini o kēia pūʻulu ma muli o ka hāʻule ʻana o ke kaomi aila, nā hemahema i ka uila ʻaila ʻaila. Hoʻonui i nā mea hoʻoponopono kaomi V465 ma hope o 50 tausani km. pono e hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ka mileage.
Ma ke ala, ua hoʻomohala ka poʻe paʻahana i ka hoʻoponopono pono ʻana i kēia mau mīkini, e lawe ana i ka hana o ke kaʻa mai ka ikaika loa a hiki i ka hiki ʻole ke noʻonoʻo. E hoʻoholo no ʻoe iho:
- mana (hale hana / ma hope o ke kani ʻana) - 300/362 hp;
- torque (hale hana / ma hope o ke kani) - 380/455 Nm.
ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hōʻailona hana nui o nā mīkini CJXC a me DNUE i ka hapaha, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā hale hana, e hoʻokō ʻia ma ke kau ʻana i kahi ʻāpana hoʻonui mana autonomous. Hiki i kona hoʻohana:
- hoʻonui i ke kaʻina hana wahie me ka hoʻonui ʻole i ke kaomi hoʻoikaika;
- hoʻonui i ka mana ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka lōʻihi o ka injection.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻonui i ka mana e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana uila o ka ʻenekini.
ʻO ia mau mana mana nui i ʻae ʻia i nā mea hoʻomohala ʻenekini ʻaʻole e hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi hana no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka nui o ka cylinder: no ka hanauna Golf 7, ʻekolu haneli horsepower ʻaʻole i lawa i ka nui, he 25% maikaʻi loa ma aneʻi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā ʻaʻole makemake ka mea nona ke kaʻa i nā kaʻa heihei no ka wikiwiki, a he nui nā mea ma nā ala ʻEulopa.
