Nā ʻenekini Hyundai Sonata
Nā mea
ʻO ka moʻolelo o kēia kaʻa e like loa me ka hānau ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā sedans kaulana o ka hui kaʻa Iapana Toyota. ʻAʻole kēia he mea kupanaha - ua kokoke loa nā ʻāina i kekahi i kekahi. ʻO ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ke ʻano kapitalista o ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā ʻenehana hana a me ka hoʻokele ʻoihana ʻoihana i hua wikiwiki - ua lanakila ke kaʻa Hyundai Sonata i ka ʻaoʻao hikina. Ua ʻike nā luna o ka hui he paʻakikī ke hoʻokūkū me ka poʻe Kepani ma kahi hoʻonohonoho hoʻokele lima ʻākau. No laila, ʻo Sonata, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka lua o ka hanauna, "haʻalele e lanakila" iā ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa.
Moʻolelo o ka hana ʻana a me ka hana ʻana
I loko o kēia kaʻa, hui pū ʻia nā papa like ʻole a me nā ʻāpana. Aia ʻo Sonata i ka "Kaʻa ʻohana nui" (D) e like me ka EuroNCAP. Wahi a ka nui o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka EU, he "Kaʻa hoʻokō" kēia o ka papa E. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hana pū ʻia kēia kaʻa i nā pae ʻoki i hiki ke hoʻopili palekana ʻia i ka papa ʻoihana.
- 1 hanauna (1985-1988).
Ua loaʻa i nā poʻe noho o Korea a me Kanada (Hyundai Stellar II) nā sedans kaʻa hope mua o ka Sonata d model i ka makahiki 1985. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ke kaʻa i hala ma mua o ʻekolu makahiki. ʻAʻole ʻae nā luna o ʻAmelika i kona hoʻokomo ʻana i ka ʻāina ma muli o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka mīkini i nā kinoea hoʻopau i ka lewa ma mua o ka ʻae ʻia e nā lula kaiapuni.
ʻO ka ʻāina wale nō ma ka Hikina Hikina kahi i paʻi mua ai ka lima ʻākau Sonata sedans ʻo New Zealand. I loko o ka hoʻonohonoho kumu ma lalo o ka puʻupuʻu he 1,6-lita Kepani ʻehā-cylinder engine i hana ʻia e Mitsubishi a me ka hoʻoili lima 5-wikiwiki. Ua hiki ke hoʻouka i ka Borg Warner hoʻoili ʻekolu a ʻehā paha.
- 2 hanauna (1988-1993).
ʻO ka Y2, ʻoiai ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka moʻo hou mai ka makahiki 1988, ua lilo ia i ʻāpana o ka papahana ʻoihana ʻo Hyundai e hoʻonui i ka ʻoihana kūʻai aku o ka hui ma nā mākeke Hemisphere Komohana. Ma kahi o kahi kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa hope, ua hoʻolālā nā mea hoʻolālā Hyundai a me nā mea hana mīkini Mitsubishi i kahi kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa mua me kahi ʻenekini i hana ʻole ka ʻōnaehana wahie me kahi carburetor, akā me ke ʻano injection. Ua like ka 2nd generation Sonata me ka Japanese Mitsubishi Galant.
Ua hōʻike mua ʻia ke kaʻa i ka lehulehu ma Korea ma Iune 1, 1987. Nā hoʻouna hou aku:
- 1987 (Kanada) - 1988 model;
- 1988 (USA) - 1989 kumu hoʻohālike;
- 1989 (Australia) - 1989 kumu hoʻohālike.
Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ke kino kaʻa e Giorgetto Giugiaro o Italdesign. ʻElua mau makahiki ma mua o ka pau ʻana o kēia pūʻulu, ua hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ke kaʻa no ka manawa mua.
- Ua hoʻololi ʻia ka hoʻolālā o nā noho, console a me dashboard. No ka manawa mua, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "polite lighting" ma ke ʻano he koho nui.
- Ua pani ʻia ka ʻenekini G4CS e nā ʻenekini ʻelua lita G4CP (CPD, CPDM). I ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana me ka mīkini 6-cylinder G6AT, ua loaʻa ka koho ABS i nā mea kūʻai aku. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ka hoʻolālā o ka radiator grille a me nā kuhikuhi kuhikuhi.
ʻenekini G4CP - Ua hoʻohui ʻia nā koho kala o ke kino a ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā intake ea hou.
ʻAʻole i hoʻololi ʻia ka hoʻolālā chassis kūleʻa i ke kaʻina hana facelift.
- 3 hanauna (1993-1998).
Ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hoʻololi serial hou i ka makahiki 1993, hoʻolaha ʻia no ʻelua mau makahiki ma mua - ma ke ʻano he kaʻa i ka makahiki 1995. Ua loaʻa i ke kaʻa kekahi mau ʻenekini nui:
- 2,0 l / 126 hp;
- 2,0 l / 139 hp;
- 3,0 l. / 142 hp
Hoʻouna - 5-wikiwiki "mechanics", aiʻole 4-wikiwiki hoʻoili 'akomi.
Ma hope o ka pani ʻana o ka hana ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Kanada ʻo Bromont, ua hoʻokō ʻia ka hui ʻana ma Korea a hiki i ka wehe ʻana o kahi mea kanu hou ma Beijing i ka hopena o 2002. ʻO ka facelift i ka makahiki 1996 i hana ai i ka Sonata 3rd generation kekahi o nā kaʻa i ʻike ʻia ma ka honua, mahalo i ka hoʻolālā hoihoi o nā kukui kukui mua.
- 4 hanauna (1998-2004).
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa o nā mīkini o kēia wā he ʻumi makahiki i hāʻawi ʻia ma kahi ʻē aʻe o ka honua. No ka manawa mua, hoʻomaka e hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻenekini o ka hui Korean o ka moʻo Delta ma lalo o ka pā o ke kaʻa. Ua loaʻa koke i ke kaʻa ʻelua clones ma waho o South Korea. KIA Optima a me KIA Magentis (no ke kūʻai aku ma waho o ka USA).
Mai ka makahiki 2004 a hiki i ka makahiki 2011, ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ka 4th generation Hyundai Sonata ma ka Russian Federation (TaGAZ plant ma Taganrog). ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka "sedan" o ke kino a me ka chassis, ʻo ia ka Sonata i lilo i kumu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kahua no kahi kaʻa Korean hou loa - ka crossover ʻohana Santa Fe.
- 5-7 mau hanauna (2004-i kēia manawa).
I ke kenekulia hou, ua ulu wikiwiki ka hoʻolālā o ka laina Sonata. Ua hoʻohui ʻia ka pōkole NF i ka inoa o ke kaʻa. Ua hoʻomaka ke kino o nā ʻenekini hou e hana ʻia me ka alumini alumini māmā. ʻO ka hope, ua puka mai nā mana diesel, ke kūʻai aku nei i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā luna o Hyundai ma New Zealand, Singapore a me nā ʻāina EU. Ma hope o ka Chicago Auto Show ma 2009, ua hoʻomaka ke kaʻa no kekahi manawa e hoʻonoho ʻia ʻo Hyundai Sonata Transform.
Mai ka makahiki 2009, ua kūkulu ʻia ke kaʻa ma ke kahua YF / i45 hou. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻumi makahiki i hala e nā loli nui i ka laina o nā mea kanu mana. ʻEono-māmā holo 'akomi i hele mai i ka vogue. Mai ka makahiki 2011, ua loaʻa nā mea kūʻai aku ma Korea a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i nā mana o ka Sonata 6th generation me kahi ʻenekini hybrid, kahi i loaʻa i kahi ʻenekini 2,4-lita a me kahi kaʻa uila 30-kilowatt.
ʻO ka hui o nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa D-class o ka mana hou loa (Hyundai-KIA Y7 platform) i hana ʻia ma ʻekolu ʻoihana kaʻa mai 2014:
- Asan (Korea Hema);
- Pekina (Kina);
- Montgomery (USA).
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana a me ka "holomua" o ka papahana i hiki ai i nā mea hoʻolālā ke haku i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi hoʻoili uila 7-wikiwiki. ʻO ke ola, nani, me he mea lā e hoʻoikaika nei i mua, kapa ʻia nā mea hoʻolālā Korea i ke kaʻa "ke kiʻi kahe."
Nā Enekinia no Hyundai Sonata
ʻOkoʻa ke kaʻa o kēia ʻano hoʻohālike mai nā mea ʻē aʻe o Korea no ka hapahā o ke kenekulia, kokoke i ka nui o nā ʻāpana i lalo o kona puʻupuʻu - 33 mau hoʻololi. A aia wale kēia ma nā mīkini serial o 2-7 mau hanauna. Nui nā ʻenekini i kūleʻa loa a ua hoʻololi pinepine ʻia lākou no ka mana like ʻole (G4CP, G4CS, G6AT, G4JS, G4KC, G4KH, D4FD), a kū ma ka conveyor no 2-3 moʻo i ka lālani.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o nā mea kanu mana no ka Hyundai Sonata: ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka turbine mua ma ka mīkini G6DB (3342 cm3 volume hana) wale nō no ka lima o ka hanauna Premier Standard ma 2004. Ma mua o kēlā, me ka ʻole o ka ʻokoʻa, ua hana ʻia nā kaʻa āpau me nā ʻenekini hoʻopau kūloko. Ma ke ala, ʻo kēia ʻenekini 3,3-lita ka mea ikaika loa i ka laina Sonata, inā ʻaʻole no ka ʻāpana G4KH kūʻokoʻa, kahi i hiki ai i nā mea ʻenehana ke lawe mai i 274 hp. me ka nui o ka cylinder "wale" 1998 cm3.
| Mākaʻu | ʻAno | Volume, cm3 | Ka mana kiʻekiʻe, kW / hp |
| G4CM | ʻenekini | 1796 | 77/105 |
| G4CP | -: - | 1997 | 82/111, 85/115, 101/137, 107/146 |
| G4CPD | -: - | 1997 | 102/139 |
| G4CS | -: - | 2351 | 84 / 114, 86 / 117 |
| G6AT | -: - | 2972 | 107 / 145, 107 / 146 |
| G4CM | -: - | 1796 | 81/110 |
| G4CPDM | -: - | 1997 | 92/125 |
| G4CN | -: - | 1836 | 99/135 |
| G4EP | -: - | 1997 | 70/95 |
| G4JN | -: - | 1836 | 98/133 |
| G4JS | -: - | 2351 | 101 / 138, 110 / 149 |
| G4JP | -: - | 1997 | 98/133 |
| G4GC | -: - | 1975 | 101/137 |
| G6BA | -: - | 2656 | 127/172 |
| G4BS | -: - | 2351 | 110/150 |
| G6BV | -: - | 2493 | 118/160 |
| G4GB | -: - | 1795 | 96/131 |
| G6DB | ʻaila turbocharged | 3342 | 171/233 |
| G4KA | ʻenekini | 1998 | 106/144 |
| G4KC | -: - | 2359 | 119/162, 124/168, 129/175, 132/179 |
| G4KD | -: - | 1998 | 120/163 |
| G4KE | -: - | 2359 | 128/174 |
| D4EA | diesel turbocharged | 1991 | 111/151 |
| L4KA | ʻenekini | 1998 | 104/141 |
| G4KK | ʻenekini | 2359 | 152/207 |
| G4KH | ʻaila turbocharged | 1998 | 199 / 271, 202 / 274 |
| G4NA | ʻenekini | 1999 | 110/150 |
| G4ND | -: - | 1999 | 127/172 |
| G4NE | -: - | 1999 | 145/198 |
| G4KJ | -: - | 2359 | 136/185, 140/190, 146/198, 147/200 |
| D4FD | diesel turbocharged | 1685 | 104/141 |
| G4FJ | ʻaila turbocharged | 1591 | 132/180 |
| G4NG | ʻenekini | 1999 | 115/156 |
ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ʻaʻole kaulana loa nā ʻenekini o ka laina Sonata i nā hiʻohiʻona Hyundai ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia ka hapa nui o lākou ma nā hoʻololi Hyundai ʻē aʻe. ʻO 4 wale nō mai loko o 33 mau mīkini ʻenekini i loaʻa ma mua o ʻehā mau hoʻololi Hyundai i ka huli ʻana o nā kenekulia 6 a me 4 - G4BA, D4EA, GXNUMXGC, GXNUMXKE. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻohana ikaika ʻia nā mīkini Mitsubishi e nā mea hana kaʻa ʻē aʻe. Akā ʻoi aku ka nui ma lalo.
ʻO ka motika kaulana loa no Hyundai Sonata
He paʻakikī loa ke koho ʻana i ke kaʻa i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka Sonata. I loko o nā makahiki o ka hana ʻana, ua hana ʻia ke kaʻa i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua haneli mau pae. I ke kenekulia hou, aia kekahi ʻenekini i ʻoi aku ka maʻamau ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe ma nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kaʻa. ʻO G4KD kāna hōʻailona. Ua hana ʻia ka ʻenekini ʻehā-cylinder injection o ka ʻohana Theta II mai 2005 e ka Mitsubishi / Hyundai / KIA consortium. Ka nui o ka leo - 1998 cm3, ka mana kiʻekiʻe - 165 hp. Hoʻolālā ʻia ka ʻāpana no nā kūlana kaiapuni Euro 5.
ʻO kahi hōʻano hou o ka mīkini lewa Magentis G4KA he nui nā hiʻohiʻona:
- ʻāpana alumini o nā cylinders;
- ʻelua kumu i loko o ke poʻo cylinder (DOHC scheme);
- ʻōnaehana manawa valve variable CVVT;
- nā mea hoʻololi o ka pae ma luna o ʻelua camshafts;
- pahu pahu kila, polimer intake manifold.
Eia naʻe, no kona ʻano hou a me ka hana maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole i pale ka ʻāpana i nā hemahema liʻiliʻi. Ma 1000-2000 rpm, ʻike ʻia ka haʻalulu, pono e hoʻopau ʻia ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kukui. ʻO kahi kani iki i ke ala o ka huakaʻi ma muli o nā ʻano o ka hana o ka pauma wahie. ʻO Diesel ma mua o ka hoʻomehana ʻana he mea pōʻino ia o nā ʻenekini a pau i hoʻolālā ʻia e Iapana.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo nā mīkini i hoʻolako ʻia i ʻEulopa e hoʻohana i ka mana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (150 hp). Hana ʻia ʻo ECU firmware tuning ma ka mea kanu KIA Motors Slovenia. Eia kekahi, lawe ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ma Korea, Turkey, Slovakia a me Kina. Hoʻohana wahie:
- i loko o ke kūlanakauhale - 9,3 lita;
- ma waho o ke kūlanakauhale - 5,6 lita;
- hui pū ʻia - 7,0 l.
ʻO ka waiwai kaʻa i haʻi ʻia o 250 tausani km, i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua maʻalahi ke hoʻololi ʻia i 300 tausani km.
ʻO ka mīkini kūpono no Hyundai Sonata
Akā ʻo ka nīnau aʻe e hōʻike i kahi pane koke - ʻoiaʻiʻo, G6AT. ʻO ka 6-cylinder V-shaped unit he 22 mau makahiki ma ka laina hui (1986-2008). Ua waiho ʻia kahi clone o ka ʻenekini Iapana 6G72 ma lalo o ka uhi o kā lākou mau kaʻa e nā mea hana o nā hōʻailona maikaʻi loa o ka honua: Chrysler, Doodge, Mitsubishi, Plymouth. Ua hana ʻia ia ma nā hale hana ma South Korea a me Australia i ʻewalu a me ʻumikūmāono-valve versions, me hoʻokahi (SOHC) a me ʻelua (DOHC) camshafts.
ʻO ka nui o ka hana o ka mīkini he 2972 cm3. ʻOkoʻa ka mana mai 160 a 200 hp. ʻO ka torque kiʻekiʻe loa he 25-270 Nm, e pili ana i ka mana o ka mana. Kaʻa kāʻei manawa. ʻAʻole hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻoponopono hoʻomaʻemaʻe valve manual, no ka mea ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea hoʻoponopono hydraulic. Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ka pahu cylinder he hao, ʻo ke kaumaha o ke kaʻa he aneane 200 kg. No ka poʻe e hoʻoholo i ka ʻenekini e kau ai ma lalo o ka puʻupuʻu o ka Hyundai Sonata, ʻo ka pōʻino nui loa o ka G6AT ʻo ia ka nui o ka wahie.
- i loko o ke kūlanakauhale - 18,3 lita;
- ma waho o ke kūlanakauhale - 10,5 lita;
- hui pū ʻia - 13,5 l.
ʻO kekahi hemahema ʻo ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i ka aila. Inā ʻae ʻia ka throttle e lilo i lepo, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o nā kipi lana. No ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻenekini i ke kūlana maikaʻi, pono ia e hoʻokaʻawale, hoʻololi i nā pahu kukui a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā injectors.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana o ka ʻenekini a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa he kiʻekiʻe loa. Ua haʻi ka mea hana i kahi waiwai mileage, kekahi o nā mea kiʻekiʻe loa no nā mīkini āpau, kahi i loaʻa ai i nā mea hoʻolālā Iapana kahi lima - 400 tausani km. I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, hiki i kēia helu me ka mālie a hiki i ka hapalua miliona me ka ʻole o ka overhaul.
