ʻO ka wahie Diesel: ke kumu kūʻai no ka lita ma nā hale hoʻokele kinoea i kēia lā

Aneane pau nā kaʻa kaʻa a me nā kaʻa kaʻa he nui i Rusia e hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wahie diesel. ʻO nā mea nona nā ʻauwaʻa kaʻa nui a me nā ʻoihana lawe kaʻa ke nānā pono nei i ka dynamics o nā kumukūʻai diesel.

I kēia lā, ua ulu kahi kūlana paradoxical ma Rūsia: ke hāʻule nei nā kumukūʻai aila, hiki i nā anti-records, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e lilo ka wahie i mea maʻalahi. Inā mākou e nānā i nā pakuhi e hōʻike ana i ka dynamics o ka ulu ʻana o nā kumukūʻai no ka wahie diesel, a laila me ka maka maka hiki ke ʻike i ka piʻi mau:

• i ka makahiki 2008, he 19-20 rubles ka lita o ka wahie diesel;
• i ka makahiki 2009-2010 ua hāʻule ke kumukūʻai i 18-19 rubles - ua wehewehe ʻia ka hāʻule e ka hopena o ka pilikia hoʻokele waiwai;
• mai ka makahiki 2011, hoʻomaka ke kumukūʻai paʻa - ma Ianuali 2011 ua lele ke kumukūʻai i 26 rubles;
• i ka 2012 ua ulu ia mai 26 a 31 rubles;
• 2013 - ke kumukūʻai fluctuated ma waena o 29-31 rubles;
• 2014 - 33-34;
• 2015-2016 - 34-35.

ʻO kēlā me kēia kanaka, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e hoihoi i ka nīnau: no ke aha ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka diesel? He nīnau paʻakikī kēia, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia nā kumu nui e piʻi ai ke kumukūʻai:

• ʻaʻole kūpaʻa ka ruble;
• ka hāʻule ʻana o ka noi no ka ʻaila a me ka wahie diesel;
• ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻauhau hou ma ka wahie;
• Ke ho'āʻo nei nā hui aila Lūkini e uku i ko lākou poho mai ka hāʻule ʻana o ka honua i nā kumukūʻai aila.

He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma Rūsia ʻaʻole paʻakikī loa ke kūlana me ka wahie - me ke kālā kokoke i ka pālua ʻana i ke kumukūʻai a me ke kumukūʻai no ka pahu e hāʻule ana mai $120 a $35-40, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai wahie diesel mai 2008 e 15-20 wale nō. ʻAʻole ʻo rubles ka papa kuhikuhi maikaʻi loa. I nā ʻāina CIS he nui, ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kumukūʻai o ka lita o ka diesel a i ʻole AI-95 gasoline e 2-3 mau manawa ma ka manawa like.

Nā kumukūʻai no ka wahie diesel ma Moscow a me ka ʻāina

Eia ka papaʻaina e hōʻike ana i nā kumukūʻai no ka diesel a me ka diesel a me nā hale kiʻi nui ma Moscow.

Uena hoʻopiha piha	DT	DT+
Astra	34,78-35,34
ʻO'Aris	ʻaʻohe ʻikepili	ʻaʻohe ʻikepili
BP	35,69-35,99
VK	32,60
Gazpromneft	34,75-35,30
Greytech	ʻaʻohe ʻikepili	ʻaʻohe ʻikepili
ESA	35,20-35,85
Interoil	ʻaʻohe ʻikepili	ʻaʻohe ʻikepili
Lukoil	35,42-36,42
Aila-Magistral	34,20
Hale Kuai Aila	34,40-34,80
Rosneft	34,90-33,50
SG-Trans	ʻaʻohe ʻike	ʻaʻohe ʻike
Tatneft	34,90
ʻOihana kāpili transnational	34,50-35,00
Kahua Kinea Trans	34,30-34,50
Pahu	35,59-36,19

E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻaʻole nui ka ʻokoʻa - i loko o 2 rubles. E nānā pono i ka pili pono o ke kumukūʻai i ka maikaʻi o ka wahie. No laila, ua wehewehe ʻia nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe ma Lukoil e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, e like me nā helu he nui, ʻo Lukoil ka mea hoʻolako i ka wahie kiʻekiʻe loa - ʻo ka ʻaila a me ka diesel - ma ka Russian Federation.

ʻO ka helu o nā kaulahao wahie e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka wahie no 2015-2016 penei:

1. Lukoil;
2. Gazpromneft;
3. ʻO ka pūpū;
4. TNK;
5. ʻAla Pelekāne (BP);
6. TRASSA -ʻoi aku ma mua o 50 mau kikowaena hoʻopihapiha ma ka moku Moscow, ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau o ka lita o ka wahie diesel - 35,90 rubles e like me Iune 2016;
7. Sibneft;
8. Phaeton Aero;
9. Tatneft;
10. MTK.

ʻO nā kumukūʻai no ka wahie diesel ma nā wahi o Rusia

ʻO ke kumukūʻai maʻamau o ka lita o ka wahie diesel ma kekahi mau wahi o Rūsia i Kepakemapa 2016:

• Abakan - 36,80;
• Arkhangelsk - 35,30-37,40;
• Vladivostok - 37,30-38,30;
• Yekaterinburg - 35,80-36,10;
• Grozny - 34,00;
• Kaliningrad - 35,50-36,00;
• Rostov-on-Don - 32,10-33,70;
• Tyumen - 37,50;
• Yaroslavl - 34,10.

Ma nā kūlanakauhale nui o Rusia - St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Yekaterinburg, Samara, Kazan - ua like nā kumukūʻai me Moscow.

Inā hoʻopiha ʻoe i kāu kaʻa me ka diesel, ʻike paha ʻoe i kēia lā aia nā wahie diesel maʻamau a me ka wahie diesel +, e pili ana me ka Euro 4 European toxicity standard. ka hui kemika:

• emi iho ka sulfur;
• liʻiliʻi paraffins;
• e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana a hiki i ka 10-15% he mea hoʻohui mai ka aila rapeseed - biodiesel;
• nā mea hoʻohui e pale ai i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wahie i ka hau ma lalo o 20 degere.

Mahalo i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona, hoʻohaumia ʻo Euro-diesel i ke kaiapuni me ka liʻiliʻi, puhi wikiwiki a kokoke loa i loko o nā keʻena piston, a me ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka CO2 emissions. ʻO nā Keaukaha e hoʻopiha ana i ka DT + e hoʻomaopopo i ka holo ʻana o ka ʻenekini, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka soot ma nā kukui a me nā paia cylinder, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka mīkini.

E noʻonoʻo i kēia manawa - ma Vodi.su ua kamaʻilio mua mākou e pili ana i ke ʻano e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i ke kumukūʻai o ke kūʻai ʻana i ka wahie ma ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kāleka wahie o kahi pūnaewele hoʻokele kinoea.

Ke hoʻouka nei…