Makemake maoli mākou e haʻalele i nā monopolies a hoʻihoʻi hou i ka pūnaewele? Quo vadis, punaewele

Ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, ke hoʻokaumaha ʻia nei ka Pūnaewele e nā monopolies o Silicon Valley (1), ka poʻe ikaika loa a ua lilo i mea ʻole, e hoʻokūkū ana i ka mana a me ka ʻōlelo hope me nā aupuni. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻomalu ʻia, nānā ʻia a pale ʻia e nā pūnaewele paʻa e nā luna aupuni a me nā hui nui.

Ua nīnauele ʻo Glenn Greenwald ka lanakila ʻo Pulitzer Prize ʻO Edward Snowden (2). Ua kamaʻilio lākou e pili ana i ke kūlana o ka Pūnaewele i kēia lā. Ua kamaʻilio ʻo Snowden e pili ana i ka wā kahiko i kona manaʻo ʻana he mea hana a hui pū ka Pūnaewele. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma muli o ka hana ʻana o ka hapa nui o nā pūnaewele kanaka kino. ʻOiai ʻaʻole lākou i paʻakikī loa, ua nalowale ko lākou waiwai i ka lilo ʻana o ka Pūnaewele i waena o nā mea pāʻani nui a me nā mea pāʻani. Ua haʻi pū ʻo Snowden i ka hiki i nā kānaka ke pale aku i ko lākou ʻike a haʻalele i ka ʻōnaehana hulina holoʻokoʻa, i hui pū ʻia me ka hōʻiliʻili nui o ka ʻike pilikino.

"I ka manawa ma mua, ʻaʻole he wahi pāʻoihana ka Pūnaewele," wahi a Snowden, "akā ua hoʻomaka ia e lilo i hoʻokahi me ka puka ʻana o nā hui, nā aupuni a me nā ʻoihana i hana nui i ka Pūnaewele no lākou iho, ʻaʻole no nā kānaka." "Ua ʻike lākou i nā mea a pau e pili ana iā mākou, a i ka manawa like ke hana nei lākou i kahi ala pohihihi a paʻa loa no mākou, a ʻaʻohe o mākou mana i kēia," wahi āna. Ua hoʻomaopopo pū ʻo ia e lilo ana kēia i mea maʻamau. hoʻopaʻapaʻa i nā kānaka ʻO wai lākou a he aha kā lākou mau manaʻoʻiʻo, ʻaʻole no kā lākou ʻōlelo maoli. A ʻo ka poʻe makemake e hoʻopaʻa i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i kēia lā, ʻaʻole lākou e hele i ka ʻaha, akā e hele i nā hui ʻenehana a koi iā lākou e pani i nā poʻe ʻoluʻolu ʻole no lākou.

ʻO ke ao ma ke ʻano o ke kahawai

ʻO ka nānā ʻana, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ke komo ʻana i ka Pūnaewele he mau mea maʻamau i kēia mau lā. ʻAʻole ʻae ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i kēia, akā ʻaʻole lawa ka ikaika e kūʻē iā ia. Aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o ka pūnaewele hou i ʻike liʻiliʻi ʻia, akā loaʻa nā hopena lōʻihi.

Eia kekahi laʻana,ʻo kaʻoiaʻiʻo i kēia lā ke hōʻike pinepineʻia kaʻike ma keʻano o nā kahawai, heʻano maʻamau ia o ka hoʻolālā o nā pūnaewele kaiaulu. Penei mākou e ʻai ai i ka ʻike pūnaewele. ʻO ke kahe ʻana ma Facebook, Twitter, a me nā pūnaewele ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā algorithms a me nā lula ʻē aʻe a mākou i ʻike ʻole ai. ʻO ka pinepine ma mua o ka ʻole, ʻaʻole mākou i ʻike i ke ʻano o ia mau algorithm. Koho nā algorithms no mākou. Ma muli o ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka mea a mākou i heluhelu ai, heluhelu a ʻike mua. Manaʻo lākou i ka mea a mākou e makemake ai. E nānā pono kēia mau lawelawe i kā mākou hana a hoʻopilikino i kā mākou nūhou me nā memo, nā kiʻi, a me nā wikiō a lākou e manaʻo ai e makemake nui mākou e ʻike. Ke puka mai nei kahi ʻōnaehana conformist kahi ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea i kaulana ʻole akā ʻaʻohe mea hoihoi.

Akā he aha ke ʻano o kēia ma ka hana? Ma ka hāʻawi ʻana iā mākou i kahi kahawai i hoʻopili ʻia, ʻike nui a ʻoi aku ka ʻike o ka paepae pili iā mākou ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. Manaʻo kekahi he ʻoi aku ia ma mua o mākou e pili ana iā mākou iho. Hiki iā mākou ke wānana iā ia. ʻO mākou ka pahu ʻikepili āna i wehewehe ai, ʻike pehea e hoʻonohonoho a hoʻohana. ʻO ia hoʻi, he hoʻouna mākou i nā waiwai kūpono no ke kūʻai aku a loaʻa, no ka laʻana, kahi waiwai no ka mea hoʻolaha. No kēia kālā, loaʻa i ka pūnaewele kaiapuni, a mākou? ʻAe, hauʻoli mākou i ka hana maikaʻi ʻana i hiki iā mākou ke ʻike a heluhelu i kā mākou makemake.

ʻO ke kahe ka manaʻo o ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻano maʻiʻo. Aia ka liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā kikokikona i ka mea e hāʻawi ʻia ana no ka mea ke nānā nui nei mākou i nā kiʻi a me nā kiʻi neʻe. Makemake mākou a kaʻana like pinepine iā lākou. No laila hāʻawi ka algorithm iā mākou i nā mea hou aʻe. Heluhelu liʻiliʻi mākou. Ke nānā hou nei mākou. Facebook ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kīwī no ka manawa lōʻihi. A i kēlā me kēia makahiki e lilo ana ia i ke ʻano o ke kīwī i nānā ʻia "ke hele nei". ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike o Facebook o ka noho ʻana i mua o ka TV aia nā hemahema a pau o ka noho ʻana i mua o ka TV, passive, noʻonoʻo ʻole a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka staggering i nā kiʻi.

Hoʻokele lima ʻo Google i ka ʻenekini huli?

Ke hoʻohana mākou i ka ʻenekini huli, ʻike ʻia mākou makemake wale i nā hopena maikaʻi loa a pili pono, me ka ʻole o ka censorship hou e hiki mai ana mai kahi mea makemake ʻole iā mākou e ʻike i kēia a i kēlā ʻike. ʻO ka pōʻino, e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia, ʻenekini huli kaulana loa, ʻAʻole ʻae ʻo Google a keʻakeʻa i kāna mau ʻimi hulina ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hopena. Ke hōʻike ʻia nei ke hoʻohana nei ka pilikua pūnaewele i nā ʻano mea hana censorship, e like me nā papa inoa ʻeleʻele, nā loli algorithm a me kahi pūʻali o nā limahana moderator, e hana i ka mea i ʻike ʻia e ka mea hoʻohana ʻike ʻole. Ua kākau ka Wall Street Journal e pili ana i kēia ma kahi hōʻike piha i paʻi ʻia ma Nowemapa 2019.

Ua haʻi pinepine nā luna o Google i nā hālāwai pilikino me nā hui o waho a ma nā haʻiʻōlelo i mua o ka US Congress he mea paʻa a kūʻokoʻa maoli nā algorithms, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka manaʻo kanaka a i ʻole nā ​​​​manaʻo ʻoihana. Wahi a ka hui ma kāna blog, "ʻAʻole mākou e hoʻohana i ka hana kanaka e hōʻiliʻili a hoʻonohonoho i nā hopena ma ka ʻaoʻao." I ka manawa like, ʻōlelo ʻo ia ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i nā kikoʻī o ka hana ʻana o nā algorithms, no ka mea hakakā i ka poʻe makemake e hoʻopunipuni i nā algorithms nā ʻenekini huli no ʻoe.

Eia naʻe, ʻo ka Wall Street Journal, ma kahi hōʻike lōʻihi, ua wehewehe i ka hana ʻana o Google i nā hopena ʻimi a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻoihana a me kāna mau luna e ʻae. ʻO kēia mau hana, e like me ka paʻi ʻana, he pane pinepine ia i ke kaomi ʻana mai nā hui, nā hui hoihoi waho a me nā aupuni a puni ka honua. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ko lākou helu ma hope o ke koho balota ʻAmelika 2016.

ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau nīnauele a me nā hoʻāʻo ponoʻī a ka makasina i nā hopena hulina Google i hōʻike ʻia, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua hana ʻo Google i nā hoʻololi algorithmic i kāna mau hopena hulina, e makemake ana i nā hui nui ma mua o nā mea liʻiliʻi, a ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi i hoʻololi ʻia no ka mea hoʻolaha. eBay. Inc. kū'ē i kāna mau koi, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hana i kekahi hana o kēia ʻano. Ke hoʻonui nei ka ʻoihana i ka ʻike o kekahi mau wahi nui.e like me Amazon.com a me Facebook. Wahi a ka poʻe nūpepa e hana mau nā ʻenekinia Google i nā tweak ma hope o nā hiʻohiʻona ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, me nā manaʻo autocomplete a me ka nūhou. Eia kekahi, ʻoiai ʻo ia e hōʻole ākea E papa inoa ʻo Googleka mea e wehe ai i kekahi mau ʻaoʻao a i ʻole e ʻae iā lākou mai ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano hopena. Ma ka hiʻona autocomplete maʻa e wānana ana i nā huaʻōlelo hulina (3) e like me ke ʻano o ka mea hoʻohana i kahi nīnau, ua hana nā ʻenekinia Google i nā algorithms a me nā papa inoa ʻeleʻele e hōʻole i nā manaʻo no nā kumuhana hoʻopaʻapaʻa, a laila kānana ʻana i nā hopena he nui.

3. ʻO Google a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hopena hulina

Eia kekahi, ua kākau ka nūpepa e hoʻohana ana ʻo Google i mau tausani o nā limahana uku haʻahaʻa nona ka hana e loiloi mana i ka maikaʻi o nā algorithms ranking. Eia naʻe, ua hāʻawi ʻo Google i nā manaʻo i kēia mau limahana i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke kūlana kūpono o nā hopena, a ua hoʻololi lākou i ko lākou kūlana ma lalo o kā lākou mana. No laila ʻaʻole hoʻokolokolo kēia mau limahana iā lākou iho, no ka mea he mau subcontractors lākou e kiaʻi i ka laina Google i kau ʻia ma mua.

I loko o nā makahiki, ua ulu aʻe ʻo Google mai kahi moʻomeheu ʻenekinia i kahi monster hoʻolaha hoʻonaʻauao a ʻo kekahi o nā ʻoihana waiwai loa o ka honua. Ua loaʻa i kekahi mau mea hoʻolaha nui loa ka ʻōlelo aʻo pololei e pili ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kā lākou hopena hulina organik. ʻAʻole loaʻa kēia ʻano lawelawe i nā ʻoihana me ka ʻole o nā pilina Google, e like me ka poʻe i kamaʻāina i ka hihia. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻo ia ka manaʻo o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā loea Google i kēia mau hui. ʻO ia ka ʻōlelo a nā mea hoʻolaha WSJ.

I loko o nā pahu paʻa

Malia paha ʻo ka ikaika loa, ʻokoʻa mai ka hakakā honua no kahi Pūnaewele manuahi a wehe ʻia, ʻo ia ka ulu ʻana o ke kūʻē ʻana i ka ʻaihue o kā mākou ʻikepili pilikino e Google, Facebook, Amazon a me nā pilikua ʻē aʻe. Ke kaua ʻia kēia kāʻei kua ma mua o nā mea hoʻohana monopoly wale nō, akā i waena o nā pilikua ponoʻī, a mākou e kākau ai e pili ana i kekahi ʻatikala ma kēia pukana o MT.

ʻO kahi hoʻolālā i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka manaʻo ma kahi o ka hōʻike ʻana i kāu ʻikepili pilikino, e mālama pono iā ʻoe iho. A e hoʻopau iā lākou e like me kou makemake. A kūʻai aku iā lākou i loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi mea e kālepa ai me kāu pilikino, ma kahi o ka ʻae ʻana i nā paepae nui e loaʻa kālā. Ua lilo kēia manaʻo maʻalahi (theoretically) i hae no ka huaʻōlelo "decentralized web" (ʻike ʻia ʻo d-web). ʻO kāna mea pale kaulana loa Tim Berners-ʻO Lee nāna i hoʻokumu i ka Pūnaewele puni honua i ka makahiki 1989.. ʻO kāna papahana papahana wehe hou, i kapa ʻia ʻo Solid, i hoʻomohala pū ʻia ma MIT, ke manaʻo nei ʻo ia ka ʻōnaehana hana no "kahi mana hou a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka Pūnaewele."

ʻO ka manaʻo nui o ka pūnaewele decentralized e hāʻawi i nā mea hoʻohana i nā mea hana e mālama a mālama i kā lākou ʻikepili ponoʻī i hiki iā lākou ke neʻe aku mai ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā hui nui. ʻAʻole kēia ke kūʻokoʻa wale nō, akā ke kuleana pū kekahi. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka d-web, ʻo ia ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ala āu e hoʻohana ai i ka pūnaewele mai ka passive a me ka paepae i hoʻomalu ʻia i ka hana a me ka mea hoʻohana. Ua lawa ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana ma kēia pūnaewele me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi leka uila, ma ka polokalamu kele pūnaewele a i ʻole ke kau ʻana i kahi noi ma kahi polokalamu kelepona. A laila hana ka mea nāna i hana, kaʻana like, a hoʻopau i ka ʻike. e like me ka wā ma mua a loaʻa iā ia nā hiʻohiʻona like a pau (ka leka uila, leka uila, nā pou / tweets, kaʻana like ʻana i nā faila, nā leo a me nā kelepona wikiō, etc.).

No laila he aha ka ʻokoʻa? Ke hana mākou i kā mākou moʻokāki ma kēia pūnaewele, hana ka lawelawe hoʻokipa i kahi pahu kūʻokoʻa, paʻa loa no mākou wale nō, i kapa ʻia ʻo "rise" (ʻōlelo Pelekane no "ʻikepili pilikino ma ka pūnaewele"). ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi ke ʻike i ka mea i loko, ʻaʻole ʻo ka mea hoʻolako kikowaena. Hoʻonohonoho pū ʻia ka ipu kapuaʻi mua o ka mea hoʻohana me nā ipu paʻa ma nā ʻano mea like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia e ka mea nona. Aia i loko o kahi "Pod" nā mea hana no ka hoʻokele a kaʻana like ʻana i nā mea āpau i loko. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kaʻana like, hoʻololi a wehe paha i ka ʻike i kekahi ʻikepili i kēlā me kēia manawa. Hoʻopili ʻia kēlā me kēia pilina a kamaʻilio paha e ka paʻamau.no laila ʻo ka mea hoʻohana a me ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe (a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻaoʻao) ke ʻike i kekahi ʻike (4).

4. ʻIke ʻia o nā ipu pilikino a i ʻole "pods" ma ka ʻōnaehana Solid

Ma kēia pūnaewele decentralized, hana ke kanaka a mālama i kona ʻike ponoʻī me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pūnaewele kaulana e like me Facebook, Instagram a me Twitter. Ua hōʻoia ʻia kēlā me kēia pāʻani cryptographically, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻoia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kēlā me kēia pāʻina. Nalo nā ʻōlelo huna a loaʻa nā loina a pau ma ke kua me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hōʻoia ipu o ka mea hoʻohana.. ʻAʻole hana ka hoʻolaha ʻana ma kēia pūnaewele ma ke ʻano paʻamau, akā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana iā ia ma kāu koho. Ua kaupalena ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka noi i ka ʻikepili a mālama pono ʻia. ʻO ka mea hoʻohana ka mea nona ke kānāwai o nā ʻikepili a pau i loko o kāna pod a mālama i ka mana piha i ka hoʻohana ʻana. Hiki iā ia ke mālama, hoʻololi a holoi paha i kāna mea makemake.

Hiki i ka Berners-Lee Vision Network ke hoʻohana i nā noi kaiapili a me ka leka uila, akā ʻaʻole pono no ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma waena o nā mea hoʻohana. Hoʻopili pololei nā modula i kekahi i kekahi, no laila inā makemake mākou e kaʻana like me kekahi a kamaʻilio pilikino paha, hana mākou. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai mākou e hoʻohana ai iā Facebook a i ʻole Twitter, e mau ana nā kuleana ʻike i loko o kā mākou pahu a pili ka kaʻana like i nā ʻōlelo a ka mea hoʻohana. Inā he leka uila i kou kaikuahine a i ʻole he tweet, ua hāʻawi ʻia kekahi hōʻoia kūleʻa i kēia ʻōnaehana i kahi mea hoʻohana a nānā ʻia ma ka blockchain. I loko o ka manawa pōkole loa, hoʻohana ʻia ka helu nui o nā hōʻoia kūleʻa e hōʻoia i ka ʻike o ka mea hoʻohana, ʻo ia hoʻi ua hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻia nā scammers, bots, a me nā hana ʻino āpau mai ka ʻōnaehana.

Eia naʻe, ʻo Solid, e like me nā hoʻonā like like (ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole kēia wale ka manaʻo e hāʻawi i ka poʻe i kā lākou ʻikepili i ko lākou mau lima a ma lalo o kā lākou mana), koi i ka mea hoʻohana. ʻAʻole ia e pili ana i nā mākau ʻenehana, akā e pili ana i ka ʻikepehea nā hana o ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻikepili a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hana ma ka pūnaewele hou. Ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kūʻokoʻa, hāʻawi pū ʻo ia i ke kuleana piha. A inā paha ʻo ia ka makemake o nā kānaka, ʻaʻohe mea maopopo. I kekahi hihia, ʻaʻole paha lākou i ʻike i ka hopena o ko lākou kūʻokoʻa koho a hoʻoholo.