He aha ka ʻaila hydrocracked

ʻO kahi mea hou i ka mākeke o nā wai kaʻa - ka aila hydrocracking - loaʻa kahi loiloi i waena o nā mea nona nā kaʻa. Manaʻo kekahi i kēia lubricant ka mea hoʻomohala maikaʻi loa. Hoʻolohe nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hana ʻana o ka mea a kamaʻilio maikaʻi ʻole e pili ana iā ia. Ma mua o ka huki ʻana i nā hopena hope loa, pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻaila hydrocracking - he aha ia, he aha nā mea maikaʻi a me nā pōʻino, a inā pono ke koho ʻana i nā lubricants o kēia ʻano no kāu kaʻa ponoʻī.

Nā mea

• 1 He aha ka ʻaila hydrocracked
  • 1.1 ʻO ke kelehana hanahana
  • 1.2 Nā Kuleana Mea
  • 1.3 Nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā meaʻinoʻole
• 2 HC a i ʻole synthetic: he aha e koho ai a pehea e ʻike ai
  • 2.1 Ke hoʻololi nei mai ka ʻaila synthetic i ka ʻaila hydrocracked
  • 2.2 Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ka aila hydrocracked mai ka synthetic
    • 2.2.1 Video: HC lubricants

He aha ka ʻaila hydrocracked

ʻO ka Hydrocracking kahi kaʻina hana no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā ʻaila kumu e hana ai i nā ʻaila kumu me nā ʻano viscosity kiʻekiʻe. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka ʻenehana synthesis HC e nā mea kemika ʻAmelika i ka makahiki 1970. I ka wā o ka hana hydrocatalytic, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻāpana aila "ʻino" i mau kaʻa. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o kahi "wai mineral" maʻamau i "synthetics" o kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o ka mana o nā kaʻina hana kemika. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, hoʻopuka ʻia ka ʻaila HC mai ka aila, e like me ka ʻaila mineral, a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, hoʻololi nui ke ʻano mole o ke kumu. ʻO ka hopena hopena e nalowale loa i nā ʻano o ka ʻaila mineral.

Nui nā ʻano o ka hydrocracking

ʻO ke kelehana hanahana

No ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kiʻi piha o ka ʻaila GK e ʻae i ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻenehana hana. ʻO ka Hydrocracking kahi ʻano o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ʻaila mineral base, kahi e hiki ai ke lawe i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka huahana hope kokoke i nā synthetics. ʻO ke kumu o ka aila he ʻaila, hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano molekula me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻina kemika kūikawā. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ʻekolu mau pae:

1. ʻO ka hoʻomake ʻana. ʻO ka wehe ʻana i nā paraffins mai ka ʻaila e hoʻonui i ka pae hau o ka haku mele.
2. Hoʻoponopono wai. I kēia pae, hoʻopiha ʻia nā ʻāpana hydrocarbon me ka hydrogen a pēlā e hoʻololi ai i ko lākou ʻano. Loaʻa i ka aila ke kū'ē i nā kaʻina hana oxidation.
3. ʻO ka hydrocracking ka wehe ʻana i ka sulfur a me nā pūhui nitrogen. I kēia manawa o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ʻoki ʻia nā apo, hoʻopiha ʻia nā mea paʻa a haki nā kaulahao paraffin.

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻekolu e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻopau i ka aila o nā mea haumia pono ʻole a loaʻa i kahi hui ʻaila e ʻokoʻa mai ka mineral maʻamau, synthetic a semi-synthetic paha. No laila, hoʻonohonoho nā mea hana i ka HC-ʻaila ma ke ʻano he ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā lubricants.

ʻenehana hydrocracking

Ma hope o ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hoʻohui synthetic i loko o ka aila e hāʻawi iā ia i nā waiwai hope a me nā hiki o nā lubricants kiʻekiʻe.

Nā Kuleana Mea

Hoʻopili ke kumu o nā aila kaʻa i ko lākou viscosity. ʻO nā ʻaila mānoanoa he mineral, ʻo ka mea lahilahi he synthetic. ʻO ka ʻaila hydrocracking, me ka semi-synthetic, aia ma ke kūlana waena. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o kēia lubricant ʻo ia ma ke ʻano o ka ʻenehana hana ʻoi aku ka kokoke i ka mineral, a ma ke ʻano o nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika - i ka synthetic.

Loaʻa i kēia ʻano ʻaila nā waiwai o nā ʻaila mineral a me nā ʻaila synthetic.

ʻO ke kumu i hana ʻia e ka ʻenehana hydrocracking ua hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mineral. Ma keʻano o ka maʻemaʻe, ua kokoke kēlā mauʻaila i nā mea synthetic, akā he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ko lākou.

He mea nui ia! Hiki i ka HC-synthesis ke loaʻa i kahi lubricant me kahi viscosity index o 150 mau ʻāpana, aʻo nā lubricants mineral he viscosity o 100 wale nō. ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui e lawe mai i nā haku mele hydrocracking kokoke loa i nā mea synthetic.

Nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā meaʻinoʻole

ʻO ka distillation nui o ka ʻaila me ka hoʻonui hou ʻana me nā mea hoʻohui e hana ai i ka wai wai he ʻaila lubricating kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā mea maikaʻi o kēia lubricant penei:

• Hana maikaʻi ma lalo o ka mechanical a i ʻole ka wela wela;
• ʻO ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i nā elastomers;
• Ke kū'ē i ka hoʻokumuʻana i nā waihona;
• kū'ē i ka deformation;
• ʻO ka viscosity maikaʻi loa;
• Ka helu haʻahaʻa o ka friction;
• High solubility o nā mea hoʻohui;
• Ka palekana pili honua.

Loaʻa i nā ʻaila hydrocracked nā pono a me nā hemahema

Me nā pōmaikaʻi ʻike, ʻo kēia ʻano ʻaila he nui nā hemahema koʻikoʻi:

• Hoʻonui i ka evaporation;
• ʻO ka manaʻo e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka corrosion;
• ʻO kaʻelemakule wikiwiki a, ma muli o ka hopena, pono ke pani pinepine.

ʻOiai kekahi mau hemahema, ʻōlelo maikaʻi nā mea nona nā kaʻa e pili ana i kāna hoʻohana. Ma ke ʻano o ka maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻaila synthetic kiʻekiʻe me ka uku kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā synthetics o nā ʻano like he kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa loa.

HC a i ʻole synthetic: he aha e koho ai a pehea e ʻike ai

I ka pau ʻana o ka hoʻololi kemika o ka waihona HA, ʻoi aku ka nui o kona mau hiʻohiʻona ma mua o ka ʻaila mineral, akā ʻaʻole hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka "synthetics" kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka manaʻo nui o nā mea hoʻomohala o ka aila hou e pili ana i nā ʻano synthetic ʻoiai e hōʻemi ana i nā kumukūʻai hana. ʻO ka manaʻo, ʻo ka mālama pono ʻana i nā kaʻina hana ʻenehana āpau hiki ke hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi huahana i ʻokoʻa ʻole mai ka synthetic. Eia naʻe, e pili koke ana ia paʻakikī i ke kumukūʻai, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻāpono ʻia ka pahuhopu. No laila, makemake nā mea hana i ka "mean gula": ʻaʻohe waiwai o nā lubricants mineral i ka huahana hou, akā ʻaʻole ia he synthetic.

Pono ke koho o ka aila ma muli o nā pono o ka mīkini kaʻa

Akā ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻoihana kemika ke hāʻawi i kekahi mea kūpono i nā mea nona nā kaʻa. ʻO ka synthetic a me ka hydrocracking ko lākou mau pono a me nā hemahema:

1. ʻO ka aila Synthetic ke kū nei i nā kaumaha nui, nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, e komo i loko o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka wahie me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka maikaʻi. ʻO "Synthetics" ka hana ʻelua ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka HA a pale i ka wela.
2. Eia nō naʻe, ma ke ʻano o ke kūpaʻa i ka wā o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mahana, loaʻa ka hydrocracking i kahi pōmaikaʻi. Mālama kēia huahana i ka viscosity ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana pono ʻia i ka hoʻoilo a me ke kauwela. Ua lawa ka hoʻololi a hoʻohui i ka lubricant i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka "synthetics".
3. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka ʻaila GK, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mīkini a me nā ʻano o kona mana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai lubricating i ka huahana ma mua o "synthetics". akā naʻe, nalo koke nā waiwai i haʻi ʻia o nā mea hoʻohui, a ua mau ka lubricant.

He mea nui ia! Ke koho ʻana i kahi lubricant no ka ʻenekini, pono ʻoe e nānā i nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kaʻa kaʻa i hōʻike ʻia ma ka manual instruction. Pono e noʻonoʻo i nā kūlana hana o ke kaʻa: ma kekahi mau wahi, pili nā kūlana o ke alanui i ka nui o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka aila, no laila ʻaʻole pono e kūʻai i kahi huahana kumukūʻai no ka hoʻohana lōʻihi.

Ke hoʻololi nei mai ka ʻaila synthetic i ka ʻaila hydrocracked

ʻO ka ʻenehana o ke kaʻina hana no ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka synthetic i ka ʻaila hydrocracked e pili ana i ka makahiki a me ke kūlana o ka mīkini. Ma kahi kaʻa kahiko, ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wehe ʻana i ka pā a wehe i ka lepo a me ka ʻōpala, ʻaʻohe nui o ka flushing e kōkua i ka hoʻopau ʻana.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana no ka hoʻololiʻana i kaʻaila he mea maʻalahi a i loko o ka mana o kekahi mea kaʻa

I nā kaʻa hou, lawa ia e hana i kahi hoʻololi aila pālua. Ma hope o ka hoʻokahe ʻana i nā synthetics, hoʻopiha lākou i ka hydrocracking a hoʻokele 200-300 km. A laila hoʻokahe ʻia kēia ʻāpana o ka ʻaila a ninini ʻia kahi mea hou.

He mea nui ia! Manaʻo ka poʻe loea he nui i ka wā e hoʻololi ai mai kahi ʻaila o kahi papa kiʻekiʻe a i kahi haʻahaʻa, ua lawa ka hoʻololi maʻalahi, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka hoʻopiha ʻana.

Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ka aila hydrocracked mai ka synthetic

Inā koho ka mea nona ke kaʻa i ka ʻaila hydrocracking, pilikia paha ʻo ia i ka ʻike ʻana. ʻO ke alakaʻi wale nō no ka hapa nui o nā mea kūʻai ʻike ʻole ʻo ia ka palapala e pili ana i ka pā. Hoʻonohonoho kekahi mau mea hana i ka hydrocracking me ka HC abbreviation Latin. Akā pinepine ʻaʻohe hōʻailona hōʻailona ma ka pōʻai, no laila e ʻike ka mea kūʻai aku i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o ka huahana:

1. Ka uku ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai o ka huahana HA ma mua o ka "synthetics", no laila ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai o ka huahana hope. I ka manawa like, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia ʻaila ma mua o ka ʻaila mineral.
2. Nā hiʻohiʻona pohihihi i ke ʻano. Ua hoʻohālikelike ka American Petroleum Institute i nā aila hydrocracked me nā mea synthetic, no laila, nui nā mea hana e hoʻolauna i kekahi ambiguity i ka koho ʻana o ka ʻāpana huahana: ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻailona i ka "100% Synthetic" ma ka lepili, akā kākau e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā "ʻenehana synthetic". Inā he huaʻōlelo like ma ka panakō, aia ka ʻaila HC i mua o ka mea kūʻai.

No ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka aila hydrocracking mai ka synthetic, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi o nā nuances

Hōʻike wale kēia mau hōʻailona i ke kumu i hoʻohana ʻia e nā mea hana. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale maoli i ka hydrocracking mai nā synthetics wale nō i loko o ka hale hana. Akā aia kekahi mau hōʻailona maopopo e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻolohe i ke koho ʻana i kahi lubricant:

• Ua lawa ka palapala "Vollsynthetisches" i ka wā i hana ʻia ai ka lubricant ma Kelemania: eia ka manaʻo o ka ʻaila synthetic i wehewehe maopopo ʻia ma ka pae kānāwai;
• ʻO nā ʻaila i hōʻailona ʻia he 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W paha he "hydrocracking" a i ʻole "semi-synthetics";
• ʻO nā aila ZIC a kokoke i nā lubricants mua a pau no nā kaʻa Iapana i hydrocracked wale nō.

Video: HC lubricants

NA AILA HYDROCRACKING: He aha ia

Ma muli o ka lakio o ke kumu kūʻai a me ka maikaʻi, e ulu nui ana nā aila hydrocracking. Wahi a ka poʻe loea me ka hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻana o ka ʻenehana hana, hiki i kēia ʻano lubricant ke loaʻa i nā "synthetics" ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana.