ʻO Charron Armored Car, model 1905
Nā mea
ʻO Charron Armored Car, model 1905"He ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o kahi umbrella i loko o nā lako o nā koa hele wāwae ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e lawe i nā koa ma ke kaʻa!"
Spoiler: E hoʻomaka i ka hoʻokele kaʻa ʻO ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka hoʻokele kaʻa a me ka mīkini o ka pūʻali FaraniMa Ianuali 17, 1898, ua huli ke alakaʻi o ka ʻoihana ʻenehana o ka pūʻali koa i nā luna kiʻekiʻe me ke noi e kūʻai i ʻelua Panard-Levassor, ʻelua Peugeot a me ʻelua mau kaʻa Maison Parisien no ka pūʻali, akā ua loaʻa ka hōʻole, ke kumu o ia. ʻO ka manaʻo e koi ʻia nā kaʻa āpau i loaʻa a pēlā ina he kaua, a hāʻawi ʻia i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana kaʻa, hiki ke lilo koke nā lako i kūʻai ʻia. Eia naʻe, i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, kūʻai ka pūʻali i nā kaʻa mua: hoʻokahi Panhard-Levassor, hoʻokahi Maison Parisian a hoʻokahi Peugeot. I ka makahiki 1900, hāʻawi nā mea hana like ʻole i ʻeiwa mau kaʻa i manaʻo ʻia no ka hana kaua. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau kaʻa he kaʻa Panhard-Levassor no ka lawe ʻana i nā limahana. ʻOiai i kēlā manawa ka manaʻo o ka lawe ʻana i nā koa i loko o kahi kaʻa he mea ʻakaʻaka loa, a ua ʻōlelo kekahi o ka poʻe loea: "E ʻike ʻia kahi umbrella i nā lako o nā mea kaua ma mua o nā koa e lawe ʻia e ke kaʻa!". Eia naʻe, ua kūʻai ke Keʻena Kaua i ke kaʻa ʻo Panhard-Levassor, a i ka makahiki 1900, me ʻelua mau kaʻa i koi ʻia, ua hana ʻia ma nā maneuvers ma ka ʻāina ʻo Bos, i ka manawa i komo ai ka huina o ʻewalu mau kaʻa o nā ʻano like ʻole.
Nā Kaʻa Panhard Levassor, 1896 - 1902 Ma hope o ka hoʻokomoʻiaʻana o ke kaʻa, pono e hoʻoponopono i kona hoʻohanaʻana, a ma ka lā 18 o Feberuari, 1902, ua hoʻopukaʻia kahi kauoha e kauoha ana i ke kūʻaiʻana i nā kaʻa:
CV (Cheval Vapeur - Palani horsepower): 1CV like me 1,5 British horsepower a i ʻole 2,2 British horsepower, 1 British horsepower like me 745,7 watts. ʻO ka horsepower a mākou i hāpai ai he 736,499 watts. Spoiler: E hoʻomaka i ka hoʻokele kaʻa
Kākoʻo kaʻa "Sharron" kumu hoʻohālike 1905ʻO ke kaʻa kāhiko ʻo Sharron kahi hana ʻenehana no kona manawa. ʻO ka pūʻali koa Farani kekahi o nā mea mua i hoʻohana i nā kaʻa no nā luna. Paʻa Charron, Girardot a me Voig (CGV) hana i nā kaʻa heihei kūleʻa a ʻo ia ka mea mua i pane i ke ʻano hou ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi kaʻa semi-armored e pili ana i kahi kaʻa kaʻa. Ua paʻa ka kaʻa me kahi pū mīkini 8mm Hotchkiss, i kau ʻia ma hope o kahi barbette pale kaua ma kahi o nā noho hope. ʻO ke kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa hope (4 × 2) he kaʻa hāmama me nā noho ʻelua, ʻo ia ka wahi hana o ka mea hoʻokele. Ua hōʻike ʻia ke kaʻa ma ka Paris Motor Show i ka makahiki 1902, ua hana maikaʻi ia i ka pūʻali koa. I ka makahiki 1903, ua ho'āʻo maikaʻi ʻia ke kaʻa kaua, akā ʻo ia nō. Ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻelua wale nō kaʻa i kūkulu ʻia - "Sharron" model 1902 a noho ma ke kahua prototype.
Akā, ua'ike ka ho'okele o ka hui "Charron, Girardot a me Voy"'a'ole hiki i ka pū'ali ke hana me ka'ole o nā ka'a kaua a ho'omau i ka ho'omaika'i'ana i ke ka'a. Ma hope o 3 mau makahiki, ua mana'o'ia kahi'ano hou o kahi ka'a kaua, kahi i mālama'ia ai nā mana'o a me nā hemahema. I ke kaʻa kaua ʻO Sharron Model 1905 ua kāhiko piha ʻia ka hull a me ka turret. Pono e hoʻokūpaʻaʻia ka manaʻo o ka hanaʻana i kēia mīkini (a me kāna papahana mua) i hāpaiʻia e kekahi luna Lūkini, he mea i komo i ke Kaua Russo-Iapana, Mikhail Aleksandrovich Nakashidze, he kamaaina o kahiʻohana aliʻi Georgian kahiko, ua hoʻokele. ke kino o ko Siberian Cossack. Ma mua koke o ka pau ʻana o ke kaua o 1904-1905, ua hōʻike ʻo Nakashidze i kāna papahana i ka ʻoihana koa Lūkini, i kākoʻo ʻia e ka luna o ka pūʻali koa Manchurian, ʻo General Linevich. Akā ua noʻonoʻo ka ʻoihana i ka mākaukau ʻole o ka ʻoihana Lūkini no ka hana ʻana i nā mīkini o kēia ʻano, no laila ua aʻo ʻia ka hui Farani Charron, Girardot et Voig (CGV) e hoʻokō i ka papahana.
ʻO ke kino o ke kaʻa kāhiko ʻo Sharron i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai nā ʻāpana kila hao-nickel 4,5 mm ka mānoanoa, kahi i mālama ai i ka poʻe holo moku a me ka ʻenekini mai nā pōkā raifela a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka mea hoʻokele kaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke alakaʻi, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻike e ka pukaaniani mua nui, i pani ʻia i ke kaua e kahi pāpale kāwele trapezoidal nui me nā puka ʻike i ke ʻano o kahi rhombus me nā pani pani puka waho. IN kaua kaua ʻO ke kūlana, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka uhi pale kaua i kahi kūlana ākea a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā brackets ʻelua. ʻElua mau puka makani nui ma kēlā ʻaoʻao kēia ʻaoʻao o ka hull i uhi ʻia me nā pale pale kaua. No ke komo ʻana a me ka puka ʻana o ka poʻe holo moku, he puka ma ka ʻaoʻao hema e lawelawe ana, ua wehe ʻia i ka hope o ke kaʻa.
Ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā ala ala hele kila U, i hoʻopili ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka hull no ka lanakila ʻana i nā pilikia (nā ʻauwai, nā ʻauwai, nā ʻauwaha). Hoʻokahi kukui nui i hoʻokomo ʻia ma mua o ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻenekini, ʻo ka lua, ua uhi ʻia me kahi uhi pale, ma ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka hull ma lalo o ka pale makani. Aia ke keʻena kaua ma hope o nā noho o ka mea hoʻokele a me ka noho aliʻi, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hale kiaʻi cylindrical haʻahaʻa o ka pōʻai pōʻai ma luna o kona hale me ke kaupaku ma mua a ma hope. Ua lawa ka nui o ka bevel o mua a he ʻōpuni semicircular maoli nō ia, hiki ke hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ke poʻi i kahi kūlana. Ua kau ʻia kahi pū mīkini 8-mm Hotchkiss ma luna o kahi bracket kūikawā i loko o ka turret. Ua pale ʻia kona pahu e kahi pahu kila i wehe ʻia mai luna mai. Ua hoʻolālā kekahi luna moku, ʻo ke kapena kūlana kolu ʻo Guillet, i hale kia no ka Sharron. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i ka hale kiaʻi ke kinipōpō, akā ua kau ʻia ma luna o ke kolamu i kau ʻia ma ka papahele o ke keʻena hakakā. Hiki ke hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka hale kiaʻi a hoʻololi me ka lima, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huila lele e neʻe ana ma ka wili alakaʻi o ke kolamu. Ma kēia kūlana wale nō i hiki ke hāʻawi i kahi ahi pōʻai mai kahi pū mīkini.
Aia ke keʻena ʻenekini i mua o ka hull. Ua hoʻolako ʻia ke kaʻa me ka mīkini carburetor CGV ʻehā-cylinder me ka mana o 30 hp. Me. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kaʻa kaua he 2,95 tons. ʻO ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe ma nā alanui i paʻa ʻia he 45 km / h, a ma ka ʻāina palupalu - 30 km / h. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻenekini no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i hāʻawi ʻia e nā hatches me nā uhi hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ma nā paia āpau o ka puʻu kaua. Ma ke kaʻa kaʻa hope (4 × 2) ma lalo o ke kaʻa kaua, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā huila lāʻau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā pāpale kila. Ua hoʻopiha ʻia nā huila me kahi mea spongy kūikawā e hiki ai i ke kaʻa pale kaua ke neʻe ma hope o ka pā ʻana o ka pōkā i ka huila no 10 mau minuke. No ka hōʻemi ʻana i kēia hiki, ua uhi ʻia nā huila hope me nā pahu pale o ke ʻano semicircular. No kona manawa, ʻo ka Charron armored kaʻa he hana holomua maoli o ka manaʻo ʻenekinia, e hoʻokomo ana i kekahi o nā ʻenehana loea hou, no ka laʻana:
ʻO ka huina, ua kūkulu ʻia ʻelua mau kaʻa kaua Sharron laʻana 1905. Hoʻokahi i loaʻa e ka French Ministry of Defense (ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo ia i Morocco), ʻo ka lua i kūʻai ʻia e ka ʻoihana koa Lūkini (ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo ia i Rusia), kahi i hoʻohana ʻia ai ka mīkini e hoʻopau i nā kipi kipi ma St. Ua kūpono loa ke kaʻa kaua i ka pūʻali koa Lūkini, a ua loaʻa koke iā Charron, Girardot et Voig (CGV) kahi kauoha no nā kaʻa 12, akā naʻe, ua paʻa a paʻa ʻia e ka poʻe Kelemania i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana ma Kelemania e "nānā i ko lākou hiki", a laila. hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā o nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa kaua nui o ka pūʻali koa Kelemania. Hoʻokahi kaʻa kaua o ke ʻano Sharron i hana ʻia e ka hui Panar-Levassor, ʻehā mau kaʻa, e like me ke kumu hoʻohālike Sharron o ka 1902 model, i kūkulu ʻia e ka hui Hotchkiss ma 1909 ma ke kauoha a ke aupuni Turkish. Nā kumuhana:
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ʻO 1897 ka lā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia kaʻa i ka lawelawe ʻana me ka pūʻali koa Farani, i ka manawa, ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Konela Feldman (ke poʻo o ka ʻoihana ʻenehana o nā pūʻali koa), ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi komisina kaʻa kaʻa kaua, i ʻike ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau kaʻa kalepa i nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma ke komohana hema a me ka hikina o Farani. . ʻO kekahi o nā ʻanuʻu mua o ke komisina, ʻo ia ka hoʻoholo, me ka Hui Automobile o Farani, e hoʻāʻo i nā kaʻa Panard Levassor, Peugeot break, Morse, Delae, Georges-Richard a me Maison Parisienne. ʻO nā hoʻāʻo, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi holo 200-kilomita, ua holo kūleʻa i nā kaʻa āpau.
