ʻO Abrams no Polani - he manaʻo maikaʻi?

Mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa, hoʻi ka manaʻo o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kaʻa M1 Abrams mai nā lako kaua kaua US i nā pūʻali koa Polish. I kēia mau lā, ua noʻonoʻo hou ʻia i loko o ka pōʻaiapili o ka pono e hoʻoikaika wikiwiki i ka hiki o ka Puʻali Koa Polani no ka mea i kapa ʻia. paia hikina. Ma ke kiʻi, ka pahu M1A1 o ka US Marine Corps.

No ka aneane ʻelua mau makahiki, ua hoʻi mau ke kumuhana o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka M1 Abrams MBT e nā pūʻali koa Polani mai ke koena o ka US Army. I nā pule i hala iho nei, ua puka mai ka ʻike, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia, ke noʻonoʻo hou nei ka poʻe kālai'āina i kahi hiki. No laila, e nānā kākou i nā hemahema.

Wahi a ka Arms Inspectorate, ʻo ke kūʻai ʻana i nā pahu M1 Abrams, i hui pū ʻia me kā lākou hana hou ʻana i kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona i loaʻa, ʻo ia kekahi o nā koho i manaʻo ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka analytical and conceptual stage i hoʻokō ʻia ma lalo o ka papahana New Main Tank. i kapa ʻia ʻo Wilk. I ka wā o ke kamaʻilio ʻenehana ma waena o ka waena o 2017 a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2019, ua hui nā limahana IU me nā ʻelele o nā hui like ʻole a me nā ʻoihana e pili ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia papahana. Ua mālamaʻia nā kūkākūkā me: Ośrodek Badawczo-Rozwojowe Urządzeń Mechanicznych "OBRUM" Sp. z oo, Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. ʻO KG (ka mea hana hui Kelemania o ka Leopard 2 e pani ʻia e Wojskowe Zakłady Mechaniczne SA mai Poznań), ʻo Rheinmetall Defense (i hōʻike ʻia e ka lālā Polani o Rheinmetall Defense Polska Sp. Z oo), Hyundai Rotem Co Ltd. (hōʻike ʻia e H Cegielski Poznań SA), BAE Systems Hägglunds AB, General Dynamics European Land Systems (GDELS) a me ka US Army. ʻO nā helu hope ʻelua e hoihoi iā mākou, ʻoiai ʻo ka US Army ke kuleana no ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā kaʻa mai kāna mau mea hana, a ʻo GDELS ka lālā ʻEulopa o ka mea hana Abrams - General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS). Ua hoʻokūpaʻa hapa ʻia kēia ʻike ma kahi ninaninau e Zbigniew Griglas, Hope Kākau'ōlelo o ka Moku'āina ma ke Kuhina o ka Moku'āina, nāna e mālama i ke Keʻena ʻOihana III, nona ke kuleana o ka ʻoihana pale. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ma waena o nā koho no ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kaʻa hou no nā pūʻali koa kaua a me nā mechanized o ka Ground Forces: ʻo Turkish Altay, ka South Korean K2 (ʻo ia paha ka manaʻo o ka "Central European" version of the K2PL / CZ, i loaʻa. ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia no kekahi mau makahiki - ʻoiaʻiʻo he pahu hou kēia), ʻo ka ʻAmelika "Abrams" a me ke kaʻa, i kapa ʻia e ke Kuhina Griglas "Italian tank" (Ua hāʻawi ʻo Italia i kekahi mau ʻāina, me Polani, ka hoʻomohala hui ʻana o kahi hanauna hou o MBT. ). ʻO ka mea mahalo, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i haʻi i ka papahana ʻo Franco-German (me kahi mea nānā Pelekane) Main Ground Combat System (MGCS).

Wahi a ka poʻe kākoʻo o ke kūʻai ʻana o Abrams, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia mau kaʻa e hoʻololi i ka T-72M/M1 kahiko (ʻoiai ʻo M1R i hoʻonui ʻia i ka maʻamau M91R he liʻiliʻi ka waiwai hakakā), a i ka wā e hiki mai ana, he PT-XNUMX hou aʻe.

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ka manaʻo o kēia ʻatikala e kūkākūkā i nā meanders o ka papahana Wilk, no laila ʻaʻole mākou e komo nui i kēia mau pilikia. ʻO nā pahu kaʻa hou ka mea nui e pani i ka T-72M/M1/M1R a me PT-91 Twardy, a i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka Leopard 2PL/A5. Wahi a nā loiloi i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka Strategic Defense Review 2016, pono e kūʻai aku ʻo Polani ma kahi o 800 mau kaʻa hou mai ka makahiki 2030, me nā lālā o ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka Ministry of National Defense e hōʻike ana e makemake ʻia e kūʻai i kahi "liʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka helu" o nā pahu o nā hanauna o kēia manawa. Pono paha kēia i nā kūlana o kahi kūlana ʻenehana maikaʻi loa o nā ʻāpana i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā pahu T-72M / M1. ʻAʻole i manaʻo ʻia, ʻōlelo lākou mai 318 mau kaʻa i manaʻo mua ʻia no ka hana, ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli ʻaʻole pono. No laila, aia kahi hakahaka o ka ʻenehana no nā pūʻali pahu pahu ʻelua. ʻO Abrams "mai ka wao nahele" i hoʻopiha iā ia?

Abrams no Polani

ʻO kekahi o nā koho i noʻonoʻo ʻia e "patch" i ka ʻāpana lako ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka pahu Wilk, ʻo ia ke kūʻai ʻana i nā pahu kaʻa M1 Abrams ʻAmelika mua (ʻoi aku paha ma ka mana M1A1 a i ʻole ka mea hou aʻe, no ka mea ua lanakila lākou i nā depots lako). a me kā lākou hoʻonui hou ʻana i kekahi o nā koho i hoʻohana ʻia e ka US Army. ʻO nā mana o ka M1A1M, M1A1SA, a i ʻole kahi ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i ka M1A2 (e like me ka Moroccan a i ʻole Saudi export M1A2M a i ʻole M1A2S) pili maoli. Hiki nō hoʻi ka M1A2X, no ka mea, ua kaha ʻia kahi kaʻa i koho ʻia no Taiwan (i kēia manawa M1A2T), ʻo ia ka mea like me ka M1A2C hou loa (ma lalo o ka inoa M1A2 SEP v.3). ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ʻoi loa inā koho ʻia kēia koho, ʻo ia wale nō paha ka mea hiki, ʻo ia ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kaʻa kaʻa mua ʻAmelika mai ke koena o ka pūʻali koa ʻAmelika a i ʻole ka US Marine Corps (ua mālama ʻia nā haneli o nā kaʻa i loko o nā iwilei nui o nā waihona lako. e like me ka Sierra Army Depot) a me kā lākou hana hou ʻana ma hope o ka Joint Systems Factory Manufacturing Center ma Lima, Ohio, nona ke aupuni US a ke hoʻohana ʻia nei e GDLS. Manaʻo ka US Army a me ka US National Guard e loaʻa ma kahi o 4000 M1A1 a me M1A2 pahu o nā hoʻololi like ʻole i ka lawelawe ʻana, kahi e noho ai nā kaʻa 1392 i loko o ka pūʻulu kaua brigade armored (ABST) (870 i ʻumi US Army ABSTs a me 522 mau kaʻa). i ʻeono ABCT o ka US National Guard) - hoʻohana ʻia ke koena no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ka mothballed i nā hale kūʻai i hoʻopuehu ʻia a puni ka honua, etc. ʻAʻole kūʻai ʻia kēia mau pahu no ke kūʻai aku - i ka makahiki 1980-1995, ua loaʻa i ka US Armed Forces, e like me nā kumu like ʻole, mai 8100 a hiki i 9300 M1 tank o nā hoʻololi āpau, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 1000 i lawe ʻia aku. Aia ma muli o ʻekolu a ʻehā tausani ʻāpana i loko o nā hale kūʻai ʻAmelika, ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea, ʻo ia ka mana kahiko loa o ka M1 me ka pū 105-mm M68A1. ʻO ka mea waiwai nui ka M1A1FEPs, kahi o 400 i noho "roaming" mai ka wā i haʻalele ai ka Marine Corps i nā pūʻali koa kaua (e ʻike iā WiT 12/2020) - e hoʻopau ʻia nā pūʻali koa US Marine Corps ma mua o ka hopena o ka makahiki. No laila hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai maoli iā M1A1 i nā hoʻololi like ʻole. I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou iā Abrams iā ia iho.