ʻO ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo no F-110
ʻO ka hihiʻo o ka F-110 frigate. ʻAʻole ia ka mea hou loa, akā ʻo nā ʻokoʻa mai nā moku maoli e lilo i mea hoʻonaninani.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā ʻōlelo hoʻohiki a ka poʻe kālaiʻāina i ka poʻe holo moana Polani i ka manawa a me ka piha, inā ʻaʻole. I kēia manawa, i ka wā i hoʻolaha ai ke Kuhina Nui o Sepania ʻo Pedro Sanchez i ka waena o ka makahiki i hala e hoʻopau ʻia kahi ʻaelike piliona-euro e kūʻai aku i kahi ʻano frigates ma mua o ka hopena o ka makahiki i hala, ua mālama ʻo ia i kāna ʻōlelo. No laila, ua komo ka papahana no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā moku escort hanauna hou no ka Armada Española i kahi pae hoʻoholo ma mua o kā lākou hana ʻana.
Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka ʻaelike i ʻōlelo ʻia ma waena o ka Ministry of Defense of Madrid a me ka mokuʻāina mokuʻāina ʻo Navantia SA ma Dekemaba 12, 2018. ʻO kāna kumukūʻai he 4,326 biliona euros, a pili ia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi pūʻulu o ʻelima F-110 multi-purpose frigates e pani i nā moku ʻeono o ka ʻano F-80 Santa María. ʻO ka mea hope, he palapala laikini o ka ʻano ʻAmelika OH Perry, i kūkulu ʻia ma ka hale moku Bazan kūloko (Empresa Nacional Bazán de Construcciones Navales Militares SA) ma Ferrol a komo i ka lawelawe ma 1986-1994. I ka makahiki 2000, ua hui pū kēia mea kanu me Astilleros Españoles SA, e hoʻokumu ana i ka IZAR, akā ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope, ʻo ka mea kuleana nui, ʻo Sociedad Estatal de Participaciones Industriales (State Industrial Union), hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ia ka pūʻali koa, i kapa ʻia ʻo Navantia, no laila - ʻoiai ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka inoa. - ua mālama ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā moku ma Ferrol. ʻO nā moku moku ʻo Santa María i kūpono i nā moku hou loa o US Navy OH Perry a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka lāʻau ma lalo o hoʻokahi mika. Ua hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā ʻōnaehana uila a me nā mea kaua mua ma laila, me ka ʻōnaehana pale pōkole 12-barreled 20-mm Fábrica de Artillería Bazán MeRoKa ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa. ʻO nā moku ʻeono ka hua ʻelua o ka hui pū ʻana me ka ʻoihana moku moku US, ʻoiai ua kūkulu mua ʻia ʻelima mau moku Baleares ma Sepania, ʻo ia nā kope o nā ʻāpana Knox-class (ma ka lawelawe 1973-2006). ʻO ia hoʻi ka hope.
ʻElua mau makahiki o ka hana hou ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka manaʻo loea ʻAmelika i hoʻokumu i ke kumu no ka hoʻolālā kūʻokoʻa o nā moku kaua nui. Ua ʻike koke ʻia ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka poʻe Sepania. ʻO ka papahana o ʻehā F-100 frigates (Alvaro de Bazan, i ka lawelawe ʻana mai 2002 a 2006), kahi i hui pū ai ka lima i ʻeono makahiki ma hope, ua lanakila ʻo ia i ka hoʻokūkū ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa, lilo i kumu o ka AWD (Air Warfare Destroyer), ma i loaa i ka Royal Australian Navy he ekolu mau mokukaua luku. Ma mua, ua lanakila ʻo Navantia i ka hoʻokūkū no kahi frigate no ka Norwegian Sjøforsvaret, a ma 2006-2011 ua hoʻoikaika ʻia e nā māhele ʻelima o Fridtjof Nansen. Ua kūkulu pū ka hale moku i nā moku kiaʻi ma waho o Venezuela (ʻehā Avante 1400s a me ʻehā 2200 Combatants) a ua hoʻomaka koke i ka hana ʻana i ʻelima corvettes no Saudi Arabia ma muli o ka hoʻolālā Avante 2200. Me kēia ʻike, ua hiki i ka hui ke hoʻomaka i ka hana ma he hanauna hou o na moku.
Nā Hana
Ua ho'āʻo e hoʻomaka i ka polokalamu F-110 mai ka hopena o nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala. ʻO ka Navy Spanish, i ka ʻike ʻana i ka pōʻai o ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi hanauna hou o nā frigates e koi ana ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki mai ka hoʻokō ʻana a hiki i ka hoʻopau ʻana, hoʻomaka ʻo ia i nā hana e hoʻolako i nā kumuwaiwai kālā no kēia kumu ma 2009. Ua hoʻomaka ʻia lākou e AJEMA (Almirante General Jefe de Estado Mayor de la Armada, Luna Hoʻokele Nui o ka Luna Nui o ka Navy). I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā ʻenehana mua, kahi i hoʻolaha ʻia ai nā manaʻo mua o nā ʻauwaʻa e pili ana i nā escort hou. I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻopuka ʻo AJEMA i kahi leka kahi i hōʻoia ai i ka pono hana e pono ai e hoʻomaka i ke kaʻina hana no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lako kaua. Ua hōʻike ʻia e ʻoi aku ka nui o nā frigates Santa Maria ma mua o 2020 mau makahiki i ka makahiki 30, e hōʻike ana i ka pono e hoʻomaka i kahi papahana hou ma 2012 a hoʻololi iā lākou i metala mai 2018. No ka hōʻoluʻolu i ka poʻe kālai'āina, ua koho ʻia ka F-110 i loko o ka palapala ma ke ʻano he hui ma waena o nā frigates F-100 nui, i hoʻolālā ʻia e komo i nā hakakā kaua piha piha, a me ka 94-mika BAM (Buque de Acción Marítima, Meteoro type) patrols. hoʻohana ʻia i nā hana kiaʻi palekana moana.
ʻO ka pōʻino no ka F-110 i ka makahiki 2008, ua hoʻopaneʻe ka pilikia o ka hoʻokele waiwai i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka papahana a hiki i 2013. Eia naʻe, i Dekemaba 2011, ua hiki i ka Ministry of Defense ke hāʻawi i kahi ʻaelike hōʻailona € 2 miliona iā Indra a me Navantia e hoʻokō i kahi hana mua. ka nānā ʻana i ka hiki ke hana i ka MASTIN integrated mast (mai Mástil Integrado) no nā frigates hou. ʻOiai ka pilikia o ka hoʻokele waiwai, ma Ianuali 2013 ua hōʻike ʻo AJEMA i nā hana ʻenehana mua (Objetivo de Estado Mayor), a ma muli o kā lākou loiloi i Iulai
Ma 2014, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā koi ʻenehana (Requisitos de Estado Mayor). ʻO kēia nā palapala hope loa i koi ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kahi noiʻi kūpono e ka Luna Hoʻokele o nā mea kaua a me nā lako kaua (Dirección general de Armamento y Material). I loko o kēia manawa, "pehu" ka moku mai 4500 a 5500 tons. nā manaʻo mua no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka mast a me ka hoʻoponopono a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻenehana, me ka mea kanu mana. I kēlā makahiki hoʻokahi, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka F-110 Design Bureau.
Ua loaʻa nā kālā maoli i ʻAukake 2015. I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ka Ministry of Defense of Madrid i kahi ʻaelike e pili ana i ka 135,314 miliona euros me nā hui i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ʻumikūmākahi mau hana noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana e pili ana, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā prototypes a me nā mea hōʻike sensor, me: a antenna panel me ka hoʻouna ʻana a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā modula o ka ʻōnaehana nānā ʻili X-band o ka papa AFAR; AESA S-band Air Surveillance Radar Panel; ʻōnaehana kaua uila RESM a me CESM; ʻōnaehana reconnaissance TsIT-26, e hana ana i nā modes 5 a me S, me kahi antenna apo; nā mea hoʻonui mana kiʻekiʻe no ka pūnaewele hoʻounaʻikepili Link 16; a me ka pae mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka SCOMBA (Sistema de COMbate de los Buques de la Armada) ʻōnaehana hakakā me nā kamepiula, consoles a me kāna mau mea no ka hoʻokomo ʻana ma ka CIST (Centro de Integración de Sensores en Tierra) kū hoʻohui kai. No kēia hopena, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Navantia Sistemas a me Indra i kahi hui hui PROTEC F-110 (Programas Tecnológicos F-110). Ma hope koke iho, ua kono ʻia ke Kulanui ʻenehana ʻo Madrid (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid) e hui pū. Ma waho aʻe o ka Ministry of Defense, ua hui pū ka Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism i ke kālā o ka hana. Ua hōʻike ʻo PROTEC i kekahi mau hoʻonohonoho sensor i kau ʻia ma ka mast i nā limahana moana. No ka hoʻolālā hou aku, ua koho ʻia kahi ʻano me kahi kumu octagonal.
Ua hana pū ʻia ka hana ma luna o ke kahua o ka frigate. ʻO kekahi o nā manaʻo mua ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hoʻolālā F-100 i hoʻololi kūpono ʻia, akā ʻaʻole i apono ʻia e ka pūʻali koa. I ka makahiki 2010, i ka hōʻike Euronaval ma Paris, ua hoʻolauna ʻo Navantia i ka "frigate o ka wā e hiki mai ana" F2M2 Steel Pike. ʻO ka manaʻo i kekahi manawa i hoʻokani i ka papahana Austal o kahi hoʻokomo ʻekolu-hull o ke ʻano Independence, i hana nui ʻia no ka US Navy ma lalo o ka papahana LCS. Eia naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka ʻōnaehana trimaran no nā hana PDO, ʻoi aku ka leo o ka ʻōnaehana propulsion, a makemake ʻia ka hiʻohiʻona hoʻolālā trimaran i kekahi mau noi, ʻo ia. nui ākea ākea (30 versus 18,6 m no ka F-100) a me ka hopena deck wahi - i kēia hihia, ʻaʻole lawa no nā pono. Ua ʻike ʻia he avant-garde a ʻoi aku paha ke kumukūʻai no ka hoʻokō a hana. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he hana hoʻolālā moku kēia, a no laila i manaʻo ʻia ka hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia o kēia ʻano e hoʻokō i nā koi i manaʻo ʻia o ka F-110 (i wehewehe ʻia i ka manawa ākea loa), a me ka hoihoi o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. .
