Zapałchitektura - a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻolālā openwork mai nā pāʻani

ʻaneʻane like ka lōʻihi o ka moʻolelo hoʻohālike e like me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana iā lākou iho. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma luna o kahi mea kūʻai liʻiliʻi loa a hiki ke loaʻa e hana i kāu mau hoʻolālā like ʻole. I kēia manawa e nānā mākou i kā lākou mau ʻano a e hoʻāʻo i kā mākou lima i ka hana ʻana i ka hale liʻiliʻi, māla a me ka pahu matchstick.

ʻAʻole kēia ka mea mua e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona pāʻani ma ka "Workshop" - ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā mea hoihoi i nā ʻatikala mua: "Pahu no nā mea liʻiliʻi", "Match bridges" a me "Gnomish gifts". I kekahi manawa, mai loko mai o ia mau mea pahu i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia (ʻaʻole kukui) i koe. Nui! ʻO ko lākou manawa kēia.

Kahiko, (ʻaʻole) maikaʻi nā pāʻani...

Manaʻo pinepine ʻia kēlā Ua hana ʻia nā pāʻani ma Kina - ma 508, e pololei! Ma laila ua kapa ʻia lākou he "lāʻau ʻīniha ahi" a he lāʻau paina me ka pommel sulfur.

Ua hana ʻo ia i nā pāʻani ʻEulopa mua ma Paris i ka makahiki 1805. John Chancel. No ka hoʻomālamalama iā lākou, pono ʻoe i kahi ʻōmole concentrated concentrate. ʻakika hydrochloric! ʻO nā pāʻani e pono ai ʻoe e hamo i ka lāʻau, ʻo ia ka hana a ka mea lapaʻau Pelekane. John Walker, mai ka makahiki 1826 mai

I nā makahiki i hala aku ua ʻike ʻia ma nā poʻo hoʻokūkū. phosphorus keʻokeʻo (e like me ka pōʻino i ka hana ʻana e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana) - e like me nā mea i ʻike ʻia he ʻO Lucifer pāʻani ole nā kukuna o Prometheus, hoʻomaka i ka hana ma Lākana i ka makahiki 1833.

Samuel Jones. I ka makahiki 1845, ua ʻike ʻia kahi mea hoʻonā ahi palekana. ʻulaʻula phosphorus, a ua loaʻa i kahi ʻano pāʻani hou ka inoa (1) (ʻike ʻia i kekahi manawa ma nā pahu) - ʻoiai i kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia lākou ʻo Suedena, mai ka lāhui. ʻO Johan Edward Lundströmnāna i hoʻomaka i ka hana ʻana iā lākou i ka makahiki 1855. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kokoke i ka manawa like, ka hana ʻana o nā pāʻani e pili ana i phosphorus sulfide, ʻālohilohi ma kekahi ʻaoʻao paʻakikī, ʻoiai ma ka wāwae o kahi kāmaʻa - e like me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni gangster kahiko.

1. Kū'ē i nā wehewehe Pelekane i ʻike ʻia ma ka pahu, he mau pāʻani kēia mai Czestochowa (ʻo ia hoʻi ke ʻano Swedish), ʻoiai ua hana ʻia lākou no ka lawe ʻana aku i ʻEnelani - a hiki i ka makahiki 80 ua mālama ʻia lākou i loko o ia mau pahu lāʻau.

I kēia lā, uhi ʻia nā poʻo match me ka nui o ka potassium chlorate, antimony sulphide, sulfur, dyes a me ke aniani hau (e hoʻonui i ka friction). ʻO nā ʻōpala ma nā pahu mai ka phosphorus ʻulaʻula a me ke aniani hau.

ʻO ka huaʻōlelo phylumenism, e pili ana i ke koho ʻana i nā lepili hoʻokūkū, hele mai ʻelua huaʻōlelo: Helene (aloha) a me ka Latin (mālamalama).

Ma waho aʻe o nā pāʻani maʻamau, ua hana pū ʻia nā pāʻani kūikawā ma Polani: hoʻolaha (ma nā ʻano nui a me nā pahu), hekili (ka makani), uahi (no ka puhi ahi), kapuahi (a hiki i 250 mm ka lōʻihi), nā pāʻani no ka puhi ʻana, a hiki pāʻani "ʻAmelika - kiʻi ʻia mai kahi kāmaʻa."

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hale hana pāʻani kahiko loa ma Polani i ka makahiki 1845 ma Sianov. Ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II, ua hoʻololi ʻia i Pāʻani ʻoihana ma Sianowskie. Mai ka makahiki 1995 ua hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he Polmatch - Mea kanu hoʻokūkū ma Syanov.

2. Aneane hiki i ka honua holoʻokoʻa ke hana ʻia mai nā pāʻani! ʻO kēia honua nui ka hana a ka mea pena kiʻi ma New York ʻo Andy Yoder.

3. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā pāʻani like ʻole no ke kālai kiʻi, e like me kā David Mach ...

4. … a me Marin Abell pū kekahi…

I kēia lā, ʻaʻole naʻe, he moʻolelo wale nō kēia - e like me ke ʻano, ʻO Bystrzhitsky mea kanu o ka ʻoihana pāʻani, hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1897, a i ʻole ʻO ka hale hana pāʻani Czestochowa, i hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1881 (mai ka makahiki 2010, ʻaʻole ia i komo i ka hana ʻana i nā pāʻani ma kahi ʻano ʻenehana - ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia wale nō ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Match Production me kahi hāʻawi o nā pāʻani hoʻolaha).

I kēia manawa, hana nā hale hana hoʻokūkū ma Polani, me Hale Hana Mea ʻala ʻo Chekhovice, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1919 (hana mai 1921), a Euromatch Sp. Mr. o. pili ana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1995 ma muli o ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka waiwai o ka mea kanu mokuʻāina i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua ma Bystrica a me ke kapikala. Italmatch. Aia kekahi mau ʻoihana liʻiliʻi ma Koszalin a me Voloszyn, e hana ana i nā pāʻani kūikawā - hoʻolaha, kapuahi a me nā pāʻani ʻino.

5. Hoʻokumu pū ʻia nā kiʻi kiʻi / kiʻi ʻokoʻa mai nā pāʻani hoʻokahi e kahi Indonesia e peʻe ana i nā ʻoihana pūnaewele ma lalo o ka pseudonym Korekgraphy. Ma waena o nā mea i hoʻokō ʻia e nā mea pena kiʻi Polish, ʻo nā mea hoʻohiwahiwa, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, pono nā hana hoʻopau ʻia e Anatoly Karon.

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia aia ma Bystrica Klodska ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Philumenists, aia nā lepili hoʻokūkū a me nā hōʻike e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ke ahi, nā pāʻani a me nā kukui.

Hoʻohālikelike hoʻokūkū

ʻO ka maʻamau, hana ʻia nā pāʻani maʻamau ma Polani aspen a he 2,2×2,2×43 mm ka nui. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia lākou i nā pahu o 38 mau ʻāpana (ma mua o 1984, ua hana pū ʻia nā pahu lāʻau ma Częstochowa). He 53 × 35 × 16 mm ka nui o kahi pahu match maʻamau me ka pahu pahu pahu.

Ma Polani, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā pāʻani like ʻole o ka waihoʻoluʻu o ke poʻo, pinepine pū me nā lāʻau kala a i ʻole nā ​​hui like ʻole (me ke poʻo ʻole) - ma ke ʻano he hoʻomaʻamaʻa (pinepine kala) a i ʻole nā ​​hiʻohiʻona (no nā lōʻihi like ʻole a me nā ʻāpana).

Mai nā pāʻani inconspicuous, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hana like ʻole - mai nā haʻawina kula maʻalahi loa, ma o nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano nui a me ka paʻakikī, a i nā hana maoli maoli (2-8)!

6. Ua kūkulu ʻia ʻo Hogwarts mai Harry Potter universe e Pat Acton no 602 poʻe. pāʻani ma ke ʻano o ka "maʻemaʻe maʻemaʻe". Aia ma luna o 2 mika ke kiʻekiʻe o nā hale kiaʻi o ka hale kākela kilokilo. Me nā hana like ʻole, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Matchstick Marvels kūikawā ma Gladbrook, Iowa, USA.

7. He mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona me nā pākuʻi kuni paha ka mea kaulana loa. Hōʻike ʻia kēia hale kiaʻi o 1200 mau pāʻani ma kāna pūnaewele e Przemysław Nagy (eia: www.stylowi.pl).

8. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona mai nā pāʻani holoʻokoʻa, i hui ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i ke kāpili, e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o ka hana matchmaking - ʻaʻole wau e hoʻohana i ka huaʻōlelo "sculpting" ma ke kumu, no ka mea, he mea ʻuhane ke nānā i ka hana a ka poʻe hana me lākou. ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hui ...

Ma waena o nā ʻano hana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano ʻokoʻa. No laila, loaʻa iā mākou nā hiʻohiʻona:

• hoʻopili ʻia mai nā pākuʻi puhi ʻia (he ʻano kaulana loa i ka wā ma mua, ʻo ia ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe);
• mai nā pāʻani me nā poʻo - i hoʻopili ʻia a i ʻole i hui pono ʻia, mālama ʻia e like me nā puʻupuʻu, i kekahi manawa a me ke ahi paha i ka hopena o kahi hōʻike hana;
• i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai nā pāʻani ʻoki ʻia a i ʻole mai nā pāʻani i hoʻolālā ʻia.

Ma ka hui hope loa, he ʻano hoʻolālā hoihoi loa i ʻike ʻia i hāpai ʻia i ka makahiki 90 e kahi Kanada mai Quebec, ʻo Roland Quinton. ʻO ka manaʻo e hana i nā hiʻohiʻona māmā a kokoke i ka lacy - ʻo ka hapa nui o ka hale kiʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā pahu hoʻohui ponoʻī pū kekahi me nā mokulele, nā kaʻa a me nā moku (9).

9. Ke hāpai nei ʻo Canadian Roland Quinton i kahi manaʻo ʻokoʻa iki mai ka makahiki 90. ʻO kāna mau hiʻohiʻona e like me ka lace ma waena o nā mea - palupalu a māmā.

10. Aia i loko o nā pahu matchitecture nā mea a pau āu e pono ai e kūkulu.

11. No nā mea hoʻohālike liʻiliʻi loa, aia nā pahu i hoʻohana wale i nā lāʻau holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka maʻamau, aia i loko o ka pahu nā palapala hoʻokō piha a me nā mea pono a me nā mea pono (10) - me nā pāʻani (ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o kā mākou: 53 mm). I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻomohala ʻo Quinton i nā pahu hoʻohālike no nā mea hoʻohālike ʻōpio loa, no ka hui ʻana o nā lāʻau holoʻokoʻa wale nō, ʻaʻole i ʻoki ʻia (11).

pahu hoʻomaʻamaʻa

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona matchstick paʻakikī e hana i kahi manaʻo nui. Eia naʻe, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e koi lākou i ka hoʻomanawanui nui, no laila hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻomaha - inā mākou e hoʻokokoke i kēia hana ma ke ala kūpono. No laila, e hoʻomaka kākou me kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻalahi a hoʻomākaukau i nā mea pono āpau a me nā mea pono ma mua.

No ka hui ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona i hōʻike ʻia ma kēia ʻatikala, pono ʻoe (12):

• pahi pahi i loko o ka paʻa - ma ke ʻano he koho, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi pahi pahi maʻamau me kahi overlay mai kahi pahu alumini; Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole au e paipai i nā mea ʻoki pepa kiʻi kiʻi a me nā wili ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻoki uea no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻoki ʻia nā ʻoki ʻoki. No nā papahana nui, pono e noʻonoʻo e kūʻai a hana i kahi mea maʻalahi guillotines ole pōpō lāʻau mechanical;
• ʻoki lāʻau - ka hoʻolikelike ʻana i ka moena hoʻōla ponoʻī a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana kalapona a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lāʻau;
• peneta - metala a plastik paha, me nā ʻaoʻao haiki;
• nā pine a/a i ʻole nā ​​kaula no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā lāʻau paʻa;
• kiʻi paʻa ponoʻī - e hoʻoponopono i nā mea i hui ʻia (a i ʻole ʻaoʻao ʻelua), a maopopo - e hoʻoponopono i nā hoʻolālā kikoʻī;
• ka waiho ʻana no nā papahana hoʻokōkahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻopaʻa i nā pine - ma ke ʻano maʻalahi loa, hiki ke lilo i ʻelima mau ʻāpana corrugated cardboard mai nā pahu hoʻemi;
• hoʻomaloʻo wikiwiki i ke kāpili lāʻau (e laʻa. Magic) a/a i ʻole waena/mānoanoa ke kāpili cyanoacrylate (me ka accelerator);
• pāʻani hale maʻamau - ʻaʻole pono e paʻa no ka hoʻohālike, no ka mea. i kā mākou papahana, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kēlā me kēia mea ka lōʻihi o ka pāʻani me ke poʻo ʻole;
• hoʻolālā hoʻokō ma ka pālākiō o 1:1.

12. Nā mea a me nā mea hana pono no kā mākou papahana (hiki ke loaʻa ka wehewehe kikoʻī ma ka kikokikona).

13. Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka me nā hiʻohiʻona maʻalahi - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā noho a me kahi pākaukau māla no kēia.

14. A laila, paipai wau e koho i nā ʻāpana openwork maʻalahi. No kā lākou hui ʻana, ʻo nā papa ʻē aʻe (no ka laʻana, mai ka plywood) i hoʻopili ʻia (i hoʻopili ʻia) i ka hoʻolālā, ma waena o kahi hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia nā crossbars, e kōkua nui ʻia.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā māla me ka hoihoi o nā ʻenehana ʻōpio ma ka pālākiō L

I mea e makaʻu ʻole ai i nā mea hoʻohālike novice i ka hoʻomaka ʻana, manaʻo wau e hoʻomaka me ka hale kiʻi liʻiliʻi maoli, i kā mākou hihia, ka hoʻolālā māla (13) - a ma ke ʻano o nā minifigures blocky kaulana (ma kahi o 1:48). I kēia hihia, ʻo ka hoʻoulu ʻana he mau hale māla lāʻau maoli, i waena o ia mea hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hoʻolālā hoihoi.

No kā mākou mau kumu, ua hoʻolālā wau i kahi pergola me ʻelua mau noho a me kahi papaʻaina, ʻo ia ka wahi maikaʻi loa e hoʻomaka ai.

Hiki ke hoʻoiho ʻia ka hoʻolālā hoʻokō o nā hiʻohiʻona i hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻatikala ma ke ʻano he faila PDF mai ka pūnaewele mahina (mt.com.pl) a mea kākau paha (www.MODELmaniak. pl). Ma hope o ka paʻi ʻana, e hoʻopili iā ia (no ka laʻana, me kahi lipine transparent adhesive pono'ī) i ka papa papa a hoʻopaʻa iā ia me ka lipine - i kona holoʻokoʻa a i ʻole ma nā hui o nā mea. No nā mea liʻiliʻi loa, e like me ka papaʻaina a me nā wāwae noho, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka lipine ʻaoʻao ʻelua a ʻaʻole hoʻohana i nā pine e hoʻonoho ai i nā mea.

15. ʻO ka diagonal openwork, i hoʻopili ʻia i nā mea lalo i hoʻomākaukau mua ʻia - ʻo ia hoʻi ma waena o nā ala hao kōkua, ʻo ia ka mea paʻakikī loa i kēia papahana. ʻO kā lākou mau mea pōkole loa he koi nui. ʻO kahi koho ʻē aʻe e hoʻohui i kahi papa lua, ʻoiai he ʻokoʻa ia mai ka mea kumu ...

16. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā arbors i hana mua ʻia me ka "kumu lalo" a mākaukau no ka hui hope.

Eʻoki i nā lāʻau i ka nui a hoʻopili i ka gluing ma ka papahana. I ka hoʻopili ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea ma ke kaomi iki ʻana i loko - no kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma waena o nā paʻi paʻa i hana ʻia i ka pine a i ʻole ka plywood ("citrus").

Ma muli o kāu makemake, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ke kāpili POW (Wikol, Magic, etc.) a i ʻole cyanoacryl (Super Glue, Joker, etc.). Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia o lākou kona mau pono a me nā pōʻino. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka POW no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā papa hana mua. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo CA, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki, e hoʻopau iki i ka lāʻau i ka manawa.

17. ʻO nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma ka papaʻaina a me nā noho - MODEL Maniac-kōkua me he mea lā hauʻoli ... 😉

18 ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumu hoʻohālike i hoʻopau ʻia i loko o kahi māla liʻiliʻi, akā ... he hoʻoilo. E hoʻi mākou i ke kumuhana o ka māla liʻiliʻi ma "In the Workshop".

Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana i kēlā me kēia mea i hana mua ʻia, e wehe iā lākou mai ka papa kau ʻana a, inā pono, e wehe i ka mea hoʻopili. ʻAʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kumu hoʻohālikelike i kahi mokulele kūpono hoʻokahi. I kēia pae, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā kikoʻī o ke kŘkohu me ka capon, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka glue diluted. Hoʻopili pū ʻia nā kiʻi i kahi geometry paʻa (ʻoi aku ka palekana me ka lohi mālie).

Hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻike kikoʻī hou aku ma nā kiʻi i hoʻopili ʻia a me kā lākou wehewehe ʻana (14-18).

A ke makemake nei au iā ʻoe i ka holomua a me ka ʻoluʻolu i ka hana paʻakikī o ka hoʻohālike hoʻohālikelike, paipai au iā ʻoe e kaʻana like i kāu mau moʻolelo ma kā mākou pūnaewele kaiapili - hoʻoponopono a me ka mea kākau.

Pono nō hoʻi e ʻike

• http://bit.ly/2EWwjNm

• http://bit.ly/2EY1g3I - hōʻike mai ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Matchmaking ma Częstochowa.

• http://bit.ly/2LDShoM - mīkini AT-AT ("Star Wars")

• http://bit.ly/2QbrBfU - ʻĀina o nā pāʻani

• http://bit.ly/2RmziUR - incl. Kaʻa F1 ma 1:1

• http://bit.ly/2EW1aJO - nā pāʻani liʻiliʻi

• http://bit.ly/2CFSvsA - Anatoly Karon, ka mea kālai o hoʻokahi pāʻani

• http://bit.ly/2LEnN5V - koho hoʻohālike: Przemysław Nagi

• http://bit.ly/2TjmhsS - Formula 1 me ke kāpili ʻole, akā me ke ahi (kiʻiʻoniʻoni)

• http://bit.ly/2s178R3 - Matchstick Marvels Museum ma Gladbrook, Iowa, USA.

• http://bit.ly/2AoPrzz - nā hoʻolālā lace match