Ua palekana paha nā kaʻa JTD? ʻIke a me ka hana ʻana o ka mākeke

ʻO JTD kahi pōkole no uniJet Turbo Diesel, ʻo ia hoʻi. nā inoa o nā mīkini diesel i kau ʻia ma nā kaʻa o ka hui Fiat.

Ua manaʻo ʻia ka poʻe Italia i mua o ka ʻōnaehana injection pololei, ʻoiai ʻo ka mea i hoʻolako ʻia kekahi mau mea e nā mea hana Kelemania. Ma ke ʻano o nā makahiki he 25, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻōlelo ʻana ua nui ka hāʻawi ʻana o Fiat i ka hoʻomohala honua o nā mīkini diesel. ʻO ia ka mea hana Italia i nā makahiki 80 i hoʻokomo i ka mīkini diesel mua me ka hoʻokele wahie pololei, i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ke kumu hoʻohālike Croma.

ʻAʻole i manaʻoʻiʻo nā mea hoʻokūkū mākeke a hoʻomaikaʻi i kā lākou ʻenehana mai kēlā me kēia makahiki, a i kēia manawa, ua hana hou ʻo Fiat i mua a hoʻolauna i ke kaʻa mua o ka honua me kahi mīkini kaʻa diesel maʻamau ma lalo o ka puʻu. He manawa holomua maoli. ʻO ka mea wale nō i hāpai i nā kānalua ʻo ia ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻolālā hou a me nā ʻāpana ʻenekini.

Nā mīkini JTD. Nā mana hoʻokele

ʻO ka mīkini JTD liʻiliʻi loa he 1.3 lita, ʻo ia kona ʻano kumu (hana ʻia ma Polani), i ka makahiki 2005 i loaʻa kahi makana kūikawā, ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka inoa hanohano o "International Engine of the Year" i ka māhele o nā ʻāpana a hiki i ka. 1.4 lita. Loaʻa ka mīkini i hāʻawi ʻia i ʻelua mau koho mana: 70 hp. a me 90 hp i: Fiat 500, Grande Punto, Opel Astra, Meriva, Corsa a i ʻole Suzuki Swift.

Mai ka makahiki 2008, ua hāʻawi pū ka mea hana i kahi mana 1.6-lita me 90 hp, 105 hp. a me 120 hp pakahi. ʻO ka mea ikaika loa, loaʻa iā ia kahi kānana DPF hale hana, i ʻae iā ia e hoʻokō i ka maʻamau emission Euro 5. Hiki ke kauoha ʻia, i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, no ka Fiat Bravo, Grande Punto, Lancia Delta a i ʻole Alfa Romeo MiTo. ʻO ka 1.9 JTD kiʻi i hoʻomaka i kāna hoʻomaka ma ka Alfa Romeo 156. ʻO ka 1.9-valve 80 JTD UniJet mai ka 115 a 100 hp, ka MultiJet mai 130 a 136 hp, a me ka ʻeono-valve MultiJet mai 190 a XNUMX hp. Ua ʻike ʻia ma nā ʻano Alfa Romeo, Fiat, Lancia, Opel, Saab a me Suzuki.

Loaʻa ka mīkini 2.0 MultiJet ma ka mākeke, a ʻaʻole kēia he mea hoʻolālā hoʻolālā o ka 1.9 MultiJet me 150 hp. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui hana e 46 cubic mika. knm ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke anawaena o nā cylinders mai 82 a 83 mm. I loko o ka ʻenekini hou, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka lakio hoʻoemi, a he hopena maikaʻi ia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka nitrogen oxide. Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa i ka ʻāpana kahi kānana particulate a me kahi ʻōnaehana recirculation kinoea hoʻopau EGR. Loaʻa ka 2.0 MultiJet ma kekahi mau Fiat a me Lancia ma kahi ʻano 140 hp, a ma Alfa Romeo kahi i helu ʻia ma 170 hp.

E nānā pū: Skoda Octavia vs. Toyota Corolla. Duel ma ka mahele C

I ka manawa lōʻihi, ua hoʻomākaukau ka hopohopo i kahi hoʻolālā JTD hou loa me ka nui o 2.2 lita ma nā koho mana ʻelua - 170 hp. a me 210 hp, i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā kaʻa haʻuki Maserati a me Alfa Romeo, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona Ghibli, Levane, Stelvio a me Giulia. . Hoʻokomo pū ka laina Italia i kahi mana 5-cylinder me ka nui o 2.4 lita, a me nā mīkini 2.8 a me 3.0. ʻO ka mea nui loa o lākou i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i nā kaʻa e like me Maserati Ghibli a me Levante, a me ka Jeep Grand Cherokee a me Wrangler.  

Nā mīkini JTD. ʻO ka hana a me nā hemahema

ʻO nā ʻenekini Italia JTD a me JTDM he mau holomua kūleʻa ʻole ia, a he mea kupanaha paha i kekahi. He mea kakaikahi na ha'iha'i ko'iko'i, hiki mai nā ha'iha'i li'ili'i, akā, ma muli o ka mile mile nui, kūpono 'ole a kaumaha loa paha ka ho'ohana 'ana, a i 'ole ka mālama pono 'ana, a ma'alahi ka loa'a.

• 1.3 NuiJet

ʻO ka mana kumu (hanauna mua) i hoʻokomo ʻia ma Fiats he turbocharger me kahi geometry paʻa paʻa, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka turbine geometry variable. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi kānalua ʻole o kēia kaʻa liʻiliʻi ʻo ia ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoili kinoea, kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ke kaulahao a me kahi puʻupuʻu ikaika hoʻokahi. Me ka holo ma kahi o 150 - 200 tausani. km, aia paha ka pilikia me ka valve EGR.

Ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi kaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i ka pā aila, aia kahi haʻahaʻa loa, kahi e hoʻopōʻino ai ia. ʻElua mau mana o kēia mana mana ma ka mākeke: me kahi kānana particulate diesel e pili ana i nā kūlana hoʻokuʻu Euro 5 a me ka ʻole o kahi kānana particulate diesel e kū ana i ka maʻamau Euro 4.

ʻO ka pinepine, loaʻa nā kānana i nā kaʻa i lawe ʻia mai waho mai, kahi i hoʻokau ʻia ai ka Euro 5 maʻamau mai 2008, a ma Polani i ʻike ʻia i 2010 wale nō. I kēia manawa, i ka makahiki 2009, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka lua o ka hanauna 1.3 Multijet me kahi kānana particulate i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka hale hana. He hana paʻa kēia, me ka mālama pono, hiki ke hele i 200-250 tausani mau kilomita. mile me ka pilikia ole.

• 1.6 NuiJet

ʻIke ʻia ka ʻenekini i ka makahiki 2008 a no ka 1.9 JTD. ʻO ke kumu o ke kaʻa he poloka hao me ʻelua camshafts i alakaʻi ʻia e ke kāʻei. Ma kēia hoʻolālā, ua kālele nā ​​mea ʻenekinia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ke kaʻa. ʻO ka 1.6 MultiJet he ʻehā mau pahu, kahi ʻōnaehana Common Rail lua a me kahi hoʻolālā maʻalahi.

Hiki ke loaʻa ka turbocharger me ka geometry paʻa paʻa ma nā mana 90 a me 105 hp. ʻAʻohe kānana particulate ka ʻano nāwaliwali loa. I loko o kēia ʻenekini, ua hoʻohana ʻo Fiat i kekahi o nā hopena hoihoi loa, ʻo ia hoʻi ua hoʻokomo koke ʻia ka kānana DPF ma hope o ka compressor, kahi hopena maikaʻi i ka hiki ʻana i ka wela wela wela loa - kahi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ai ka kānana.

• 1.9 JTD Unijet

Hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo palekana ʻo ia ka mokuahi hae o ka mea hana Italia. Ua hāʻule ka manawa o kāna hana ʻana ma 1997 - 2002. Loaʻa ka hoʻolālā ʻewalu-valve i nā koho mana, ʻokoʻa nā ʻenekini i ke ʻano o nā mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia, me. intake manifolds, injectors a me turbos.

80 hp mana he turbocharger me kahi geometry paʻa o nā lau, ʻo ke koena - me kahi geometry loli. Ua hoʻolako ʻia ka ʻōnaehana solenoid injection e Bosch a hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia me ka liʻiliʻi i ka wā o ka hana hewa. ʻO ka mika kahe a me ka thermostat, a me ka EGR, hiki ke pilikia (pilikia). Me ka nui o ka mile mile, hiki ke ku'i me ka huila lele lehulehu, ina pela, hiki ke hoololi ia me ka huila nui hookahi.  

• 1.9 8В / 16В MultiJet

Ua ʻike ʻia ka mea pani i ka makahiki 2002 a, ʻaʻole like me ka mea i hana mua ʻia, ʻokoʻa ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Common Rail II injection. Manaʻo nui nā loea i nā koho 8-valve. I kēia hihia, ua hoʻolako pū ʻia nā nozzles e ka hui Kelemania ʻo Bosch. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ma ka mākeke ka mana 120-horsepower. ʻO ka hāʻawi a ka mea hana pū kekahi me kahi ʻenekini māhoe-supercharged 1.9-lita. He hoʻolālā kiʻekiʻe loa a he pipiʻi ke hoʻoponopono. I ka makahiki 2009, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hanauna hou o nā mīkini Multijet 2.

• 2.0 MultiJet II

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻolālā hou ma luna o ke kaikunāne liʻiliʻi iki. Ua hoʻololi ka motika i kekahi mau hoʻololi i hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i nā kūlana hoʻokuʻu Euro 5. Hana ʻia ka ʻāpana ma ke ʻano maʻamau me kahi kānana DPF a me kahi pahu uila EGR. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele kaʻa maʻamau (i hoʻolako pū ʻia e Bosch) e hana i kahi kaomi o 2000 bar, ʻo ka hydraulic valve e hoʻopaʻa pololei i ka nui o ka wahie, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ʻenekini. Hōʻike nā mea hoʻohana i nā pilikia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aila kiʻekiʻe, ka kānana DPF a me ka valve EGR, ʻo ia ka uila a ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai e pani ai. I kēia hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi mana biturbo, hiki ke kumukūʻai a paʻakikī loa e hoʻoponopono.

• 2.2JTD

Wahi a kekahi mau manaʻo, ua hana ʻia ka mīkini no nā pono o nā kaʻa waena waena i hāʻawi ʻia e Fiat a me Lancia. ʻO ka ʻenehana, ʻo kēia ka hana PSA - me ka ʻōnaehana Common Rail. I ka makahiki 2006, ua hoʻololi nui nā ʻenekinia a hoʻonui i ka mana. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe akamai i ka hana ʻino ʻana o ka injector (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻōla hou ʻia), a me nā huila pālua-nui a me kahi kānana particulate.  

• 2.4 20 V MultiJet 175/180 km

Hoʻomaka ka kaʻa i ka makahiki 2003, he 20-valve cylinder head a me ka lua o ka hanauna MultiJet direct injection, a me ka turbocharger geometry variable a me kahi kānana DPF. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi kānalua ʻole o ka hoʻolālā ʻana he dynamics maikaʻi loa, hoʻopau kūpono a me ka moʻomeheu hana. He kumukūʻai nui nā ʻāpana, aia paha ka pilikia i ka kānana DPF a me ka valve EGR.

Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia he hoʻolālā holomua kēia, no laila ʻaʻole haʻahaʻa nā kumukūʻai hoʻoponopono. ʻO ka mana 10-valve mua, i hana ʻia ma waena o 1997 a me 2002, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā ʻāpana, a no laila ua lōʻihi ke ola a, ʻo ka mea nui, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana.

• 2.8 NuiJet

He huahana kēia na VM Motori, kahi mea hana Italia o nā ʻāpana diesel e pili ana i ka ʻenehana kaʻa maʻamau a me nā injectors piezoelectric me ke kaomi o 1800 bar. ʻO ka hemahema o kēia hoʻolālā ʻo ia ka kānana DPF pilikia. ʻOi loa i ka wā e hoʻokele ai i ke kūlanakauhale, e hōʻiliʻili ka nui o ka soot, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka mana mīkini a alakaʻi i ka hoʻoponopono kumukūʻai. ʻOiai naʻe, ua kaulana ka ʻāpana no ka paʻa mau.

• 3.0 V6 MultiJet

Ua hoʻomohala pū ʻia kēia hoʻolālā e VM Motori, i lako me ka turbocharger geometry variable mai ka hui Garret kaulana a me kahi ʻōnaehana mana MultiJet II. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia, ʻoi aku ka poʻe hoʻohana i ka mālama ʻana (me ka manawa like) e hana pinepine ʻia nā hoʻololi aila ma mua o ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka mea hana.

Nā mīkini JTD. ʻO wai ke koho maikaʻi loa?

E like me kāu e ʻike ai, nui nā ʻano o ka ʻohana JTD a me JTDM, maikaʻi nā mīkini, akā inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke alakaʻi, a laila koho mākou i ka mana 1.9 JTD. Hoʻomaikaʻi nā mīkini a me nā mea hoʻohana iā lākou iho i kēia ʻāpana no ka maikaʻi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie. ʻAʻohe hapa o nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa ma ka mākeke, loaʻa iā lākou kokoke koke a pinepine i ke kumukūʻai kūpono. No ka laʻana, ke kumukūʻai o ka mīkini manawa piha me ka pauma wai ma kahi o PLN 300, kahi pahu paʻa me ka huila pālua-nui no ka mana 105 hp. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kumu 1300 JTD ke kū kūʻē i ka wahie haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻo ka mea pōʻino, hoʻopilikia i ka moʻomeheu o kāna hana, akā he mea no kekahi mea. 

Skoda. Hōʻike i ka laina o nā SUV: Kodiaq, Kamiq a me Karoq