Westland Lynx a me Wildcat
ʻO ka hui Royal Navy's Black Cats i kēia manawa he ʻelua HMA.2 Wildcat helicopter a ke hōʻike nei i ke kuleana o kēia ʻano helikopa i nā hōʻike.
Hoʻolālā ʻia e Westland a hana ʻia e Leonardo, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻohana Lynx o nā helikopter e nā pūʻali koa o 9 mau ʻāina: Great Britain, Algeria, Brazil, Philippines, Germany, Malaysia, Oman, Republic of Korea and Thailand. Ma luna o ka hapalua haneli, ua kūkulu ʻia ma mua o 500 mau kope, i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā helikopa e hakakā i nā submarines, nā moku i luna a me nā kaʻa, e hana i nā mikiona reconnaissance, lawe a hoʻopakele. ʻO ka rotorcraft hou loa mai kēia ʻohana, ka AW159 Wildcat, hoʻohana ʻia e ka Philippine and Republic of Korea Naval Aviation, a me ka British Army Aviation a me ka Royal Navy.
Ma ka waena o 60s, ua hoʻolālā ʻo Westland e kūkulu i nā hope o nā helicopters Belvedere kaumaha (twin-rotor WG.1 project, takeoff weight 16 tons) a me Wessex medium helicopters (WG.4, weight 7700 kg) no ka pūʻali koa Pelekania. . Ma ka huli 'ana, WG.3 i manaoia he helikopa lawe no ka pūʻali o ka papa 3,5 t, a me WG.12 - he helicopter ike malamalama (1,2 t). Hoʻokumu ʻia mai WG.3, ʻo ka Whirlwind a me Wasp hope, a ma hope i lilo ʻo Lynx, ua koho ʻia ʻo WG.13. Ua koi ʻia nā koi koa o 1964 i kahi helikopter ikaika a hilinaʻi e hiki ke lawe i nā koa 7 a i ʻole 1,5 tons o ka ukana, me nā mea kaua e kākoʻo i nā pūʻali koa ma ka honua. ʻO ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe he 275 km / h, a ʻo ka laulā - 280 km.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka rotorcraft e ʻelua mau ʻenekini 6 hp Pratt & Whitney PT750A turboshaft. kēlā me kēia, akā ʻaʻole i hōʻoiaʻiʻo kā lākou mea hana e kūkulu ʻia kahi ʻano ikaika i ka manawa. I ka hopena, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻohana i ka 360 hp Bristol Siddeley BS.900, ma hope o ka Rolls-Royce Gem, i hoʻomaka ʻia ma de Havilland (no laila ka inoa kuʻuna G).
ʻO ka hui maikaʻi ʻana o Anglo-French i ka ʻoihana mokulele a me nā koi like i kau ʻia e ka pūʻali koa o nā ʻāina ʻelua i hopena i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ʻekolu mau ʻano rotorcraft, ʻokoʻa i ka nui a me nā hana: medium transport (SA330 Puma), specialized airborne and anti- pahu pahu (Lynx e hiki mai ana) a me ka mīkini hana nui māmā (SA340 Gazelle). E kūʻai ʻia nā ʻano hoʻohālike a pau e ka pūʻali koa o nā ʻāina ʻelua. Ua hui pū ʻo Sud Aviation (ma hope o Aerospatiale) i ka papahana Lynx i ka makahiki 1967 a ʻo ia ke kuleana o 30 pakeneka. hana o na mokulele o keia ano. I nā makahiki i hala aʻe, ua kūʻai ʻia ka SA330 Puma a me SA342 Gazelle e nā pūʻali koa Pelekania (ʻo nā Farani nā alakaʻi o ka papahana a me ke kūkulu ʻana), a ua loaʻa i ka mokulele mokulele Farani nā Lynxes o Westland. I ka wā mua, ua manaʻo ka Farani e kūʻai aku i nā Lynx i mea kaua e like me ka hoʻouka kaua a me ka reconnaissance helikopa no ka mokulele o ka honua, akā i ka hopena o 1969 ua hoʻoholo ka pūʻali Farani e haʻalele i kēia papahana.
ʻO ka prototype mua o Westland Lynx oblatan 50 lat temu, 21 mark, hānau ʻia ma 1971.
ʻO ka mahalo, mahalo i ka launa pū ʻana me ka Farani, ua lilo ka WG.13 i mokulele Pelekane mua i hoʻolālā ʻia i ka ʻōnaehana metric. Ua hōʻike mua ʻia ke ʻano helicopter, i kapa mua ʻia ʻo Westland-Sud WG.13, ma Paris Air Show ma 1970.
He mea pono e ʻike i ke komo ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o Lynx e kekahi o nā ʻenekini Polani ʻo Tadeusz Leopold Ciastula (1909-1979). He puka puka o ke Kulanui o ʻenehana ʻo Warsaw, nāna i hana ma mua o ke kaua, incl. ma ke ʻano he hoʻokele hoʻāʻo ma ka ITL, i ka makahiki 1939 ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo ia i Romania, a laila i Farani, a i 1940 i Great Britain. Mai ka makahiki 1941, ua hana ʻo ia ma ke keʻena aerodynamics o ka Royal Aircraft Establishment a ua lele pū ʻo ia i nā mea kaua me 302 Squadron. Helicopter Skeeter, i hana ʻia ma hope e Saunders-Roe. Ma hope o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka hui e Westland, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea nāna i hana i ka helikopter P.1947, i hana ʻia ma ke ʻano he Wasp and Scout. ʻO ka hana a ka ʻenekini Ciastła pū kekahi me ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mana mana o nā helikopter Wessex a me Sea King, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka papahana WG.531. I nā makahiki ma hope aku, ua hana pū ʻo ia i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hovercraft.
ʻO ka lele ʻana o ka prototype Westland Lynx i hana ʻia i 50 mau makahiki i hala ma Malaki 21, 1971 ma Yeovil. Ua hoʻokele ʻia ka glider pena melemele e Ron Gellatly lāua ʻo Roy Moxum, nāna i hana i ʻelua mau mokulele he 10 a me 20 mau minuke i kēlā lā. Ua mālama ʻia ka hui e ka ʻenekini hoʻāʻo ʻo Dave Gibbins. Ua hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka lele a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i kekahi mau mahina mai kā lākou papa hana mua ma muli o nā pilikia o Rolls-Royce i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mana. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i nā mīkini BS.360 ka mana i haʻi ʻia, i hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole i nā ʻano a me nā waiwai o nā prototypes. Ma muli o ka pono e hoʻololi i ka helikopter no ka lawe ʻana ma luna o ka mokulele C-130 Hercules a mākaukau no ka hana ʻana i loko o 2 mau hola ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, pono nā mea hoʻolālā e hoʻohana i kahi ʻāpana "compact" o ka ʻāpana bearing a me ka rotor nui. nā mea i hana ʻia mai kahi poloka o ka titanium. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā hoʻonā kikoʻī no nā mea hope e nā ʻenekini Farani mai Aerospatiale.
Ua kūkulu ʻia ʻelima mau prototypes no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hale hana, ua pena kēlā me kēia i kahi kala ʻokoʻa no ka ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka prototype mua i kaha ʻia XW5 he melemele, XW835 hina, XW836 ʻulaʻula, XW837 uliuli a me ka XW838 alani hope loa. Ma muli o ka hala ʻana o ke kope hina i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka honua, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka Lynx ʻulaʻula i ka lua (Sepatemaba 839, 28), a ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā helikopa polū a hina i Malaki 1971. Ma waho aʻe o nā prototypes, 1972 pre-production airframes i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻāʻo a hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ka hoʻolālā, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e hoʻokō i nā koi o nā mea e hiki mai ana - ʻo ka pūʻali koa Pelekane (me kahi pae pae skid), ka Navy a me ka French Aeronavale Naval Aviation ( ʻelua me kahi huila pae ʻana). I ka hoʻomaka, manaʻo ʻia he ʻehiku o lākou, akā i ka wā o nā hoʻāʻo ʻana, ua hāʻule kekahi o nā kaʻa (ʻaʻole i hāʻule ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopili huelo) a ua kūkulu ʻia kekahi.
