Viscosity o ka aila mīkini no ke kauwela, ka hooilo. Pākaukau mahana.

ʻO ka ʻaila ʻenekini, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, hana i kahi hana koʻikoʻi i loko o ka ʻenekini - hoʻomaʻamaʻa ia i nā ʻāpana male, hōʻoia i ka paʻa o nā cylinders a hoʻoneʻe i nā huahana combustion. Hana ʻia nā ʻaila kaʻa a pau e ka distillation o ka aila a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hakina kaumaha mai ia mea, a ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā hiʻohiʻona hana ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui like ʻole.

ʻO kekahi o nā waiwai koʻikoʻi o kēlā me kēia ʻaila ʻenekini kona viscosity. ʻO ka viscosity o kahi ʻaila ka hiki ke mālama i nā waiwai i makemake ʻia i loko o kahi pae wela i hāʻawi ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, e noho ma waena o nā ʻāpana male ʻoiai e mālama ana i ka wai. ʻO ka pae wela e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka ʻenekini a me nā kūlana climatic i hana ʻia ai. No ka laʻana, no nā ʻāina me kahi ea wela, pono ka aila me ka viscosity index kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa ma mua o kēlā mau aila i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā wahi anu.

Pehea e hoʻoholo ai i ka viscosity o kahi ʻaila?

Inā ua ʻike ʻoe i nā kini ʻaila plastik e kūʻai ʻia ana ma nā keʻena kinoea a i loko o nā hale kūʻai nui, a laila loaʻa iā lākou nā ʻano inoa - 10W-40, 5W-30, 15W-40, a ma nā kini no ka ʻaila ʻaila, nigrol, nā ʻaila pahu pahu. ua koho ʻia - 80W-90, 75W-80, etc. He aha ke ʻano o kēia mau helu a me nā leka?

ʻO W - mai ka huaʻōlelo Winter - Winter, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo nā ʻano aila kaʻa a pau i loaʻa ia ʻano inoa kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kūlana hoʻoilo. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pono e wehewehe ʻia he ʻokoʻa nā hoʻoilo - ma Crimea a i Sochi paha, ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻule ka mahana i kēlā mau waiwai koʻikoʻi e kū nei ma Novosibirsk a i Yakutsk.

E lawe i ka ʻano maʻamau i ko mākou kūlana climatic - 10W-40. ʻO ka helu ʻumi e hōʻike ana i ka viscosity o ka aila ma kahi hau he 25 degere (no ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia kiʻi, pono ʻoe e unuhi i ka 35 mai ka ʻumi) hiki i kona waiwai kiʻekiʻe ke hiki ke hoʻomaka palekana i ka mīkini.

Aia kekahi papa kuhikuhi puʻupaʻa, kahi e hoʻoholo ai i ka mahana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hiki ai i ka paila ke hoʻomake i ka ʻaila i loko o ka ʻōnaehana. No ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mahana, pono ʻoe e unuhi i ke kanahā mai ka huahelu mua - no 10W-40 loaʻa iā mākou ka waiwai o 30 degere. No laila, kūpono kēia ʻano aila no kēlā mau ʻāina i ʻoi aku ka anuanu ma mua o 25-30 degere ma lalo o ka ʻole.

Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka helu ʻelua ma ka māka - 40 - a laila e hoʻoholo i ka kinematic a me ka viscosity dynamic ma +100 a me +150 degere, kēlā me kēia. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka nui o ka ʻaila, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia hōʻailona. ʻO ka aila 10W-40, akā naʻe, e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka leka W i kēia manawa, ʻo ia ka wā āpau a hoʻohana ʻia i nā mahana awelika mai -30 a +40. No kēlā mau mīkini i hana i ka hapalua o ko lākou ola, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā aila kahi o ka viscosity index i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe he 50 - 10W-50 a i ʻole 20W-50.

Papa viscosity.

Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka ʻaila ʻaila, aia kahi ʻāpana koho kūikawā, ʻaʻole mākou e hoʻopā aku, e ʻōlelo wale mākou ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka huahelu mua i ka māka ʻana, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hiki ai i ka aila ke mālama i kāna mau waiwai. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka 75W-80 a i ʻole 75W-90 i nā mahana mai -40 a +35, a me 85W-90 - mai -15 a +40.

Pehea e koho ai i ka aila ma ka viscosity?

Ke koho 'ana i ka aila engine no kekahi kŘkohu, pono 'oe e hoʻolohe i ka helu o nā inoa: engine 'ano, 'ano kaʻa, viscosity - diesel / gasoline, injector / carburetor, ohua / kalaka, a pela aku. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea a pau ma ka lepili. Eia kekahi, aia nā aila i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka mea hana, mai haʻalele i kēia mau alakaʻi, no ka mea, ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka mīkini no kahi pae o ka viscosity.

No ka mea he ʻokoʻa ka wela o ka manawa o Rūsia, pono ʻoe e koho pololei i kēlā mau aila i kūpono i kou kūlana climatic. No ka laʻana, ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoi loa, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mīkini inā hoʻopiha ʻia ka ʻaila 5W-30, no ka mea, mālama ʻo ia i kāna mau hana hana ma nā mahana a hiki i -40.

Inā ʻo ka awelika o ka makahiki ma waena o -20 a +20, a laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hele mai me kahi mea kūikawā a hoʻohana i ka ʻaila multigrade 10W-40, 15W-40, maikaʻi, a i ʻole 10W-50, 20W-50. no na enegini "luluhi".

Nā hoʻāʻo o kekahi mau aila kaʻa a me kā lākou hana.

Ke hoʻouka nei…