ʻO nā mea a pau e pili ana i nā huila mokulele

He kaʻa kaʻa ia e kālele ana i nā hana ʻenehana āpau (koe wale nō hoʻokahi: ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao)

20 bar pressure, 340 km / h, ka ʻokoʻa o ka mahana mai -50 a 200 ° C, ma luna o 25 tons o ka ukana ...

Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o ka huila GP ka piko o nā kaʻa kaʻa, eia kahi ʻike hou i ka honua kupaianaha o nā kaʻa! A lawe mai kēia mālamalama iā mākou kaʻa mokuleleʻo ia ka kaʻa kaʻa e hoʻokau i nā pilikia ʻenehana. Akā, e hoʻokomo kākou i kekahi mau mea kikoʻī ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka puʻuwai o ka mea.

ʻO 4 ʻohana nui a me ka paradox ʻenehana

Ua māhele ʻia ka honua o ka mokulele i ʻehā mau ʻohana nui: ʻO ka mokulele kīwila e pili ana i nā mokulele liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e like me ka Cessna. E pili ana ka mokulele kūloko i nā mokulele liʻiliʻi me ka nui o 20 a 149 mau noho, e holo ana ma kahi o mau haneli mau kilomita, a me nā mokulele ʻoihana. Hiki i ka mokulele kalepa ke hana i nā mokulele transcontinental. No ka mokulele kaua, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia.

Eia naʻe, pilikia ka paʻi mokulele i kahi paradox nui. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia he hyper-tech, akā i loko o ʻekolu o nā ʻohana ʻoihana ʻehā (ʻoihana kiʻiwila, ʻāpana a me ka pūʻali koa), ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻenehana aviation. ʻAe, diagonal, ʻaʻole radial e like me kā mākou loulou mua maikaʻi a i ʻole, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ka Honda CB 750 K0 maikaʻi! ʻO kēia ke kumu i loko o ka mokulele kīwila, no ka laʻana, he nui nā hōʻailona e hiki ke hāʻawi i nā kaila.

He mea maʻalahi ke kumu: ma ka mokulele, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a paʻakikī hoʻi nā kūlana ʻae ʻia. No laila, ke ʻae ʻia kahi ʻāpana ma ka mokulele, ua hōʻoia ʻia no ke ola o ka mokulele. ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o ka homoloding ʻana i kahi ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, a no ka mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke ola o ka mokulele ma kahi o 3 mau makahiki, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kekahi manawa, ʻoi aku ka lohi o ka ʻenehana ma mua o nā wahi ʻē aʻe. No laila, ʻo kēlā me kēia hanauna hou o nā mokulele e wikiwiki i ka wikiwiki o ka radialization mākeke.

ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o kēia ma ka mokulele kalepa, kahi i ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o nā kūlana. No laila, he radial nā kaila, a ʻelua wale nō mea pāʻani i haku i kēia ʻenehana a kaʻana like i ka mākeke: Michelin a me Bridgestone. Welina mai i lerepairedpilotesdavion.com !!

ʻO ke ola (paʻakikī) o kahi pahu mokulele Boeing a Airbus paha

E noʻonoʻo ʻoe he kaʻa mokulele ʻoe (ʻaʻohe kumu, moeʻuhane ʻo Hindu i ke ola hou ʻana ma ke ʻano he pipi a pua lotus). No laila, he huila mokulele ʻoe i hoʻokomo ʻia, e ʻōlelo, he Airbus A340 a i ʻole Boeing 777, ma kā lākou ʻano lōʻihi. Aia ʻoe ma ka tarmac o Terminal 2F ma Roissy. Ua wehe ʻia nā alahele. Aala hou. Ke hele mai nei ka ohua. Hmm, nani nā mea hoʻokipa i kēia lā! Hāmama nā pahu, komo nā ukana, haʻalele nā ​​mea hele, hauʻoli lākou e hele i ka hoʻomaha. Hoʻouka ʻia nā pā meaʻai: pipi a moa paha?

Ma kekahiʻaoʻao, ua kaumaha ikiʻoe, me he mea lā i'omiʻia ma kou poʻohiwi. Pono wau e ʻōlelo, kokoke i 200 lita o ka ʻaila i hoʻolei ʻia i loko o kou mau ʻēheu. Hiki i ka mokulele ke kaumaha ma kahi o 000 tons. ʻIke loa, ʻaʻole ʻoe wale nō e lawe i kēia nuipa a pau: ʻo ka Airbus A380 he 340 mau kaila, ʻo ka A14, 380. Eia naʻe, ʻoiai ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia kou mau ana me nā ana o kahi kaʻa kaʻa, pono ʻoe e lawe i kahi ukana o 22 tons, ʻoiai he lawe wale ka paiki kalaka i ka awelika o 27 tona.

Ua mākaukau nā kānaka a pau e hoʻomaka. Ho'ā paheʻe. Ke nānā nei i ka puka kūʻē. E ʻeha ʻoe ma laila. No ka haʻalele ʻana i ka pae ʻana, e wili ka mokulele paʻa nui iā ia iho e puka i waho o kona kahua kaʻa. ʻO ka ʻōpala no ka huila e loaʻa i kahi hopena ʻako, kahi ʻano haehae i ka wahi pili. Auwe!

ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "taxi" manawa: kahi kaʻa kaʻa ma waena o ka puka a me ke ala. Hana ʻia kēia huakaʻi ma kahi māmā māmā, akā i ka piʻi ʻana o nā mokulele, hiki ke hana ʻia ma mua o kekahi mau kilomita. Eia nō hoʻi, ʻaʻole kēia he nūhou maikaʻi iā ʻoe: ua hoʻokau nui ʻia ke kaʻa, ʻōwili ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi a wela. ʻOi aku ka ʻino ma kahi mokulele nui me nā wela kiʻekiʻe (e laʻa me Johannesburg); ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma kahi mokulele liʻiliʻi ma nā ʻāina ʻākau (e laʻa me Ivalo).

Ma mua o ke ala: kinoea! Ma kahi o 45 kekona, hiki i ka mea hoʻokele i kona wikiwiki lele (250 a 320 km / h ma muli o ka ikaika o ka mokulele a me ka makani). He hoʻoikaika hope loa kēia no kahi kaʻa lele: hoʻohui ʻia nā palena wikiwiki i ka ukana a laila hiki ke wela pōkole i ka 250 ° C. I ka manawa i ka lewa, komo ka huila i loko o ka lua no kekahi mau hola. E hiamoe, kaumaha? ʻO ia ka mea, koe wale nō -50 ° C! Ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana, nui nā mea e lilo i mea paʻakikī e like me ka lāʻau a palupalu e like me ke aniani: ʻaʻole kahi kaʻa mokulele, pono e hoʻihoʻi koke i kona mau ʻano āpau.

Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻia ke ala holo. E haʻalele i ke kaʻaahi. Hoʻopili mālie ka mokulele i ka honua i ka wikiwiki o 240 km / h. No ka pāpaʻi, he hauʻoli kēia, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe ʻaila, no laila ke kaumaha nei nā mea a pau i hoʻokahi haneli mau ka liʻiliʻi, a no laila i kēia mau hoʻoikaika ʻana e piʻi wale i kahi mahana o 120 ° C! Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua wela iki nā ʻāpana kalapona, ʻo nā mele 8 e hoʻonui ai i ka wela ma mua o 1200 ° C. Ke wela nei! Hiki i kekahi mau kilomita pōkole o ka taxi a me ka mokulele mokulele ke hoʻomaha a hoʻomaha i ka asphalt, e kali ana i kahi pōʻai hou ... i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i loko o kekahi mau hola!

NZG a i ʻole RRR, ʻenehana holomua

Iulai 25, 2000: Poino ma Roissy i ka wā i hāʻule ai ʻo Concorde o Air France Flight 4590 i New York i 90 kekona ma hope o ka lele ʻana. Ua pōʻino kekahi o nā huila i nā ʻōpala i waiho ʻia ma ke ala holo; hemo ka ʻāpana huila, pā i kekahi o nā kaʻa a pahū.

I ka honua o ka aeronautics, he mea weliweli kēia. E hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hana e hoʻolālā i nā kaila ikaika. ʻElua mau mea pāʻani nui i ka mākeke e kū i ka paʻakikī: ʻo Michelin me NZG (Near Zero Growth) ʻenehana, ka mea e kaupalena i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka paʻa (ʻo ia hoʻi kona hiki ke hoʻololi i lalo o ke kaomi, e hoʻonui ai i kona kūpaʻa), ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻoikaika aramid i ke kupapaʻu kaʻa, a ʻO Bridgestone me RRR (Revolutionary Reinforced Radial) i hoʻokō ʻO ia ka ʻenehana NZG i ʻae iā Concorde e hoʻi i ka lewa ma mua o ka hoʻomaha.

Ka hopena honi ʻoluʻolu ʻelua: ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pilala ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, no laila e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohana wahie o ka mokulele i ka wā kaʻa kaʻa.

kŘkohu 'oihana kūikawā

I ke ao ʻoihana, ʻaʻole ʻoe hopohopo nui e pili ana i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kaila. No ka mea inā kūʻai ʻoe iā lākou, pono ʻoe e mālama, hōʻiliʻili, nānā, hoʻololi, hana hou ... He paʻakikī. ʻAʻole, ma ke ao ʻoihana e hoʻolimalima ʻia lākou. ʻO ka hopena, ua komo nā mea hana kaʻa i kahi pilina pili like: e mālama i ka hoʻokele, hoʻolako a mālama ʻana i nā kaʻa mokulele a, ʻo ia hoʻi, e uku i nā mokulele i ka pae pae. Makemake nā kānaka a pau i kēia: ʻaʻole hopohopo nā ʻoihana e pili ana i nā kikoʻī a hiki ke kali i nā kumukūʻai, a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, pōmaikaʻi nā mea hana mai ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaila e lōʻihi loa.

Ma ke ala, pehea ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka paʻi mokulele mokulele? He mea paʻakikī loa kēia: hilinaʻi nui ia i ka ukana o ka mokulele, ka lōʻihi o nā kaʻa kaʻa, ka mahana ambient, a me ke ʻano o ke ala holo. E ʻōlelo kākou, ma muli o kēia mau ʻāpana, aia kahi pae mai 150/200 a i 500/600 mau pūnaewele. He mea liʻiliʻi kēia no ka mokulele hiki ke hana i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau mokulele i ka lā. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, mai ke kupapaʻu like, hiki i kēia mau kaila hoʻihoʻi i nā manawa he nui, e mālama i ka hana like i kēlā me kēia manawa e like me ke kaila hou, no ka mea, ua hoʻolālā ʻia ko lākou kupapaʻu no kēlā.

He hihia kūikawā o nā mea hakakā

ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ke kaumaha, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka leo (no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hakahaka ma kahi mea hakakā, he 15 ʻīniha nā kaila mokulele) a ma luna o nā mea a pau, he wahi kaohi loa, ʻoiai, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka papa lele o Charles de Gaulle. 260 mika, a ke nee mai nei ka mokulele i ka 270 km / h! No laila, ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka mana o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana a hiki i ka mokulele ke hoʻōki ma ke kau ʻana i nā kaula (i kapa ʻia ʻo "nā kaula" ma waena) i paʻa ʻia e kahi pamu me nā kaomi a hiki i 800 bar.

ʻO 390 km / h ka māmā holo haʻalele. He 10,5 tons ko kēlā me kēia huila a he 27 bar ko lākou kaomi! A ʻoiai kēia mau palena a me nā kikoʻī paʻakikī loa, ʻo ke kaumaha o kēlā me kēia pahu he 24 kilokani wale nō.

No laila, ma kēia mau mokulele, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ke ola o ka pilahi a hiki ke kaupalena ʻia e ke kūpono inā paʻi ka huila i kahi kaula i ka wā e pae ai. I kēia hihia, hoʻololi ʻia e kahi ana palekana.

hopena

Penei: loaʻa i ka huila mokulele ka nui o ka huila kaʻa. Akā ke holo nei kahi kaʻa kaʻa i ka wikiwiki o 100 km / h, hoʻonui ʻia i 8 mau pahu, lawe ʻia ma kahi o 5 tons a paona ma kahi o 60 kilograms. Holo nā kaila mokulele i 340 km / h, lawe 20 a 30 tons a, ʻoiai lākou e hoʻoikaika ʻia ma nā wahi āpau, kaupaona 120 kilokani a hoʻonui ʻia i 20 mau pahu. Pono kēia mau mea a pau i ka ʻenehana, ʻeā?

Ke pili nei mākou ma hope o ka heluhelu ʻana i kēia ʻatikala, ʻaʻole ʻoe e kau hou i ka mokulele me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i kona mau kaila me kahi maka ʻē aʻe?