E ho'āʻo i ka Volvo FH16 a me BMW M550d: Ke kānāwai o Newton
ʻO kahi hālāwai hoihoi i absentia o ʻelua mau kaʻa kaʻa exotic
Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i nā ikaika - ma kekahi hihia e hōʻike ana i ka wikiwiki, a ma kekahi - ma ka papaʻaina. ʻO kahi hālāwai kūkā maikaʻi o nā ʻano kaʻa exotic ʻelua, ʻo kēlā me kēia ma kona ala ponoʻī e hōʻike ana i ka extremism o ka philosophy cylinder six-cylinder.
ʻO nā pahu ʻeono i loko o ka laina e hoʻohālikelike iā lākou iho ma ke ʻano ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻenekini ʻē aʻe no kona maʻalahi. He ʻoiaʻiʻo ka postulate like no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana ʻeono pahu. Eia nō naʻe, pili kēia mau mea ʻelua i kahi ʻano kūikawā - no ka mea ʻo lākou nā ʻelele koʻikoʻi o kā lākou ʻano. Me kona 381 hp. a ʻekolu wale nō lita o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka ʻenekini puhi ahi, e hoʻokele ana i ka BMW M550d i kahi kiʻi like ʻole i loko o ka fauna automotive a hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia he hōʻike radical o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana (ʻaʻohe o mākou manaʻo pehea e hana ai ka mana 4 turbocharger). "Malia paha" no ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu ʻo BMW i nā ʻenekini ʻewalu cylinder ma ka inoa o ka emi ʻana. ʻO ka mana o ka N57S pūʻulu, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ia i ka hoʻokele waiwai - i kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua hou loa o ke kaʻa kaʻa und sport M 550d, ua ʻike ʻia he awelika wahie hoʻohana o 11,2 lita. A ʻo ia mai kahi mīkini i "paona" ʻelua mau tona. Hiki paha iā lākou ke nānā aku i ka nani ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ke koena o ka honua kaʻa, akā ʻaʻohe mea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ke kaʻaahi 40-ton e holo ana ma nā alanui. Volvo FH16. Me ka hoʻohana awelika o 39 lita wale nō o ka wahie diesel no 100 km. He aha kēia hoʻohālikelike? He mea maʻalahi loa ia - ʻo ka M550d a me ka FH16 ka lawe ʻana i ka philosophy cylinder ʻeono i ka ʻoi loa, a he mea kakaikahi kēia, akā i loko o ka ʻohana o nā tractors kaumaha - inā ma ke alanui a ma waho paha.
ʻAʻole pilikia ka 40 tons no kēia mīkini. ʻOiai ma nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o ke alanui, hoʻomau ka FH16 i ka wikiwiki "cruising" o 85 km / h, ʻoiai ke ʻae ʻia nā piko o nā kihi e neʻe like. Eia nō naʻe, ma ia mau hihia, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka FH16 a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hui e pono ai ke kaʻa wikiwiki ma nā alanui pali. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka mana maoli o kēia kaʻa a ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o 750 hp. ka mana a me ka torque o 3550 Nm, i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he tug no ka lawe ʻana i nā ukana nui a kaumaha e like me nā lako hana a i ʻole nā kolamu distillation no nā refineries. Ma Suedena, kahi, ʻaʻole like me ʻEulopa, ua ʻae ke kānāwai i nā kaʻaahi ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o 40 tons, ma kahi o 60 tons o ka ukana, e like me nā lāʻau, lawe pinepine ʻia. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa i ka 60 tons i nīnau ʻia me ka maʻalahi like me ka 40s, e like me nā hoahana mai ka auto motor und sport magazine's truck and bus subsidiary lastauto omnibus.
ʻO ke kukui nui ma 950 rpm
Hiki i ka mīkini me ʻekolu turbocharger mai BMW ke hoʻokō i ka torque kiʻekiʻe o 740 Nm ma 2000 rpm. ʻAʻole hiki i ka mīkini Volvo FH16 D16 ke moeʻuhane i kēlā wikiwiki. ʻO kahi mīkini 16,1-lita me ka hoʻoneʻe cylinder hoʻokahi e like me ka hue pia 2,5-lita me kahi 168 milliliters o ka bonus, hiki i ka torque kiʻekiʻe o 3550 Nm ma ... 950 rpm. ʻAʻole, ʻaʻohe hewa, a ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe ala ʻē aʻe me ke anawaena piston o 144mm a me kahi hahau o 165mm. Ma mua o ka hōʻea ʻana o ka mīkini BMW i kona kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, hiki i ka mīkini Volvo D16 i kona mana kiʻekiʻe - ʻoiaʻiʻo, loaʻa ia ma ka laulā mai 1600 a 1800 rpm.
ʻO ka moʻolelo o ka D16 mai ka makahiki 1993, a ma loko o 22 mau makahiki o kona ola ʻana, ulu ulu mau kona mana. ʻO ka mana hou loa o ka D16K i kēia manawa ʻelua mau turbocharger cascade i ka inoa o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kūlana emission Euro 6. Mahalo iā lākou a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kaomi hoʻokomo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana injector unit i 2400 bar, hiki ke mālama i ka ʻāpana i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua. I ka inoa o ka hoʻohuihui maikaʻi ʻana o ka wahie me ka ea, hoʻokō ʻia nā injection he nui a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe "hoʻopau kinoea", i komo pū me kahi kānana DPF, mea hoʻololi catalytic a me SCR unit, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui ma mua o ka pahu holoʻokoʻa o kahi BMW.
Mahalo i ka waihona M550d kaʻa huila holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻohe pilikia e hoʻoili i ka mana āpau i ke alanui. ʻOiai ma nā wahi pulu, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā noho ʻehā, a mahalo i nā hoʻonohonoho M o ka ʻōnaehana xDrive, ʻae ʻia kekahi o ka lele ʻana me ke kua. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā mea hiki maoli o ke kaʻa ma ka hōʻike ʻana o ka wikiwiki palena ʻole o ke ala nui, kahi e lilo ai ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻokele. ʻAʻole ia he mea koʻikoʻi ka mea o nā ʻewalu ʻewalu o ka hoʻoili maʻalahi - ʻoi aku ma mua o 2000 rpm, ke hiki i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoikaika i ka nui o ke kaomi (3,0 bar max), paʻi ka torque monstrous iā ʻoe me kona ikaika āpau a hoʻomaka ka M550d e hoʻololi i nā hoʻouna. maʻemaʻe a me ka pololei kupaianaha.
Pakeke kaupaona 1325 kg
Volvo FH47 me 16 HP / 'A'ole hiki ia'u ke ho'ohālikelike i ka wikiwiki o BMW me kona 127 hp. / l. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kahi mīkini kaumaha me nā koho ʻokoʻa no ka helu o nā axles kaʻa e hana i kahi manaʻo o ka mana titanic, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā i hoʻouka ʻia. ʻO kēlā me kēia fiber i loko o kou kino e like me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi hoʻololi 62-tonne a me kahi hoʻoili lua-clutch hou I-Shift DC, ʻo ia ka mea mua o kona ʻano ma kahi tractor ala nui, ma ke ala. No nā kaʻa kaʻa, a me ka FH16, ʻokoʻa ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka ʻakomi a me ka lua a me kahi ʻano ʻekolu-wikiwiki kumu me ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo range/split gear group, e hāʻawi ana i 12 mau mea hana. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia lākou me ka pololei nui a me ke kani pōkole o ka ʻōnaehana pneumatic. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka nuipa a pau i mua, e manaʻo ai ʻoe i ka ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻohālikelike ikaika o Newton. ʻAʻole ia ka wikiwiki, he lehulehu. Piʻi kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ukana nui - hoʻonui wale ka Volvo FH16 i kāna twin turbos, injection, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa no nā ʻenekini kaʻa, hoʻomaka e ninini i ka nui o ka wahie diesel (ʻo ke kahe o ka ukana kiʻekiʻe he 105 l / 100 km), a ʻo nā piston nunui e hoʻololi i ko lākou mau ʻiʻo. . e lawe i keia haawe nui ma kou mau poohiwi. ʻAʻohe o lākou maluhia, no ka mea, ma hope a ma hope paha, i ka wā e pau ai kēia mele holoʻokoʻa, pono lākou e kōkua i ka ʻōnaehana braking maʻamau. ʻO ka ʻenehana VEB+ (Volvo Engine Break) e hoʻohana ana i ka mana valve e hoʻohana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā uaki e hana ai i ka 470kW o ka torque braking. Inā pono, hoʻohui ʻia kahi mea hoʻomaha hou e hoʻomalu i ke kaumaha ma ka hoohalike.
Kikokikona: ʻenekini ʻO Georgy Kolev
BMW N 57S
He hui hui ka BMW charging system ma waena o ka hui Bavarian a me BorgWarner Turbo System a ʻaʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo R3S. I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, he hoʻonui kēia o ka R2S turbocharger i hoʻohana ʻia e ka hui like. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea ʻelua, ʻo ke kolu, hou liʻiliʻi, turbocharger aia i loko o ke ala hoʻokuʻu bypass e pili ana i ka turbocharger liʻiliʻi a nui. Me ia, lilo ka ʻōnaehana i ka parallel-serial - ʻoiai ke kolu o ka turbocharger i hoʻopiʻi mua i ka ea no ka mea nui. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pahu crankcase e nā studs no ke poʻo - ʻo kēia hoʻolālā e hoʻonui nui i ka ikaika o ke ʻano mīkini. Hoʻoikaika pū ʻia ka crankshaft a me nā lāʻau hoʻohui e kū i ka piʻi ʻana o ka 535d mai 185 a 200 bar. Ua hoʻonui pū ʻia ke kaomi wahie i ka 2200 bar a ʻo kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe wai maʻemaʻe e hoʻomaʻalili i ka ea compressed.
Volvo D16K
Loaʻa ka ʻenekini Volvo D16, ke kumu o ka ʻohana Penta o nā huahana kai, ma nā pae mana 550, 650 a me 750 hp. Hoʻololi ka mana hou K i ka turbocharger geometry variable VTG me nā turbocharger ʻelua cascade. ʻAe kēia e hoʻonui i ka kaomi hoʻopihapiha ma luna o kahi ākea o nā wikiwiki. Hoʻonui i ka mana o ka cooler waena a hoʻemi i ka lakio hoʻokaumaha. Hoʻoemi kēia i ka mahana o ke kaʻina hana kuni a me nā hoʻokuʻu o nā nitrogen oxides. ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻōnaehana BMW i hoʻololi ʻia ʻo Bosch no ka N57S hiki ʻole ke hoʻokūkū me kāna paukū 2200 a me Volvo me kāna pā 2400. ʻO ke kaupaona maloʻo o kēia anakahi nunui he 1325 kg.
ʻIkepili ʻATAlelo BMW M 550d
Ke kino
4910-sean sedan, ka lōʻihi x ka laulā x ke kiʻekiʻe 1860 x 1454 x 2968 mm, ke kaʻa huila 1970 mm, kaupaona upena 2475 kg, ka huina i ʻae ʻia XNUMX kg
Kūʻokoʻa mua a hope hoʻi, ua hele ʻo MacPherson i mua me nā wishbones pālua, hope me nā transverse a me nā longitudinal struts, nā kūmole coaxial coil ma luna o nā mea hoʻohoihoi telescopic, nā mea hoʻopaʻa i mua a i hope hoʻi, nā paleki pā ea i loko, mua / mua 245, hope 50, hope hope 19/275 R 35
Ke hoʻouna uila
Pahu pahu pālua, lawe wikiwiki ʻewalu wikiwiki
ʻO ke kaʻa
Inikini laina ʻeono-paukū ʻenekini me nā turbocharger ʻekolu a me nā intercoolers, hoʻoneʻe 2993 cm³, ka mana 280 kW (381 hp) ma 4000 rpm, ka nui o nā ikehu 740 Nm ma 2000 rpm.
Nā ʻano ikaika
0-100 km / h 4,7 kek
ʻO ka wikiwiki ʻoi loa 250 km / h
Kaʻai wahie awelika (i ka hōʻike AMS)
kakela 11,2 l / 100 km
NĀ VOLVO FH16 NĀ KUMU
Ke kino
ʻO Volvo Globetrotter XL, kaʻa kila piha me ke kila kila, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻelua. ʻEhā mau ʻāpana ea. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kiʻi me nā mea transverse a longitudinal me nā bolts a me nā rivets. Mea hoʻopaʻa mua a hope. ʻElua puna parabolic lau ma mua, pneumatic me ʻehā mau uluna ma hope. Nā pahu diski me ka mana uila
Ke hoʻouna uila
4 × 2 a i ʻole 6 × 4 a i ʻole 8 × 6, 12-wikiwiki pālua-lālau hoʻoili a i ʻole ke kaʻa holoʻokoʻa
ʻO ke kaʻa
ʻO ka ʻenekini diesel ʻeono-ʻenekini laina me nā turbocharger ʻelua a me intercooler, mea hoʻowalewale pūnaewele, hoʻoneʻe 16 cc, mana 100 kW (551 hp) ma 750 rpm, ka palena ʻoi loa o 1800 Nm ma 3550 rpm
Nā ʻano ikaika
ʻO ka wikiwiki ʻoi loa 250 km / h
ʻO ka ʻai maʻamau o ka wahie (i ka hōʻike ʻo Lastauto Omnibus) 39,0 l
kakolina / 100 km
