USS Long Beach. Ka moku nukelea mua

USS Long Beach. ʻO ke kiʻi Silhouette e hōʻike ana i nā mea hana hope loa a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mea kaua o ka moku holo nuklea ʻo Long Beach. Ua kiʻi ʻia ke kiʻi i ka makahiki 1989. ʻO nā pū 30 mm Mk 127 kahiko i waena o nā moku he mea kaulana.

ʻO ka hopena o ke Kaua Honua II a me ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka mokulele, a me ka hoʻoweliweli hou i ke ʻano o nā missiles alakaʻi, ua koi i kahi loli nui i ka noʻonoʻo o nā luna a me nā ʻenekinia o ka US Navy. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenekini jet e hoʻolalelale i nā mokulele, a no laila ka piʻi nui ʻana o ko lākou wikiwiki, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka waena o nā makahiki he 50, ʻaʻole hiki i nā moku i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā pūnaehana pu wale nō ke hāʻawi i ka pale kūpono i ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka ea i nā hui alakaʻi.

ʻO kekahi pilikia ʻē aʻe o ka US Navy ʻo ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā moku ukali e hana mau ana, i lilo i mea kūpono loa i ka hapa lua o nā makahiki 50. Ma ʻOkakopa 1, 1955, ua kau ʻia ka supercarrier maʻamau mua USS Forrestal (CVA 59). i ka hana. I ka ʻike koke ʻana, ʻaʻole naʻe kona nui i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nalu kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻino o ka makani, e ʻae iā ia e mālama i ka māmā holo kiʻekiʻe i hiki ʻole ke loaʻa i nā moku pale. Conceptual haʻawina o ka hou 'ano - nui ma mua - moana escort detachment, hiki ke hana i nā huakaʻi lōʻihi, e mālama i ka kiʻekiʻe wikiwiki me ka nānā 'ole i ka prevail hydrometeorological kulana, i lako me na missile mea kaua e hoʻolako pono i ka palekana mai ka mokulele hou a me ka mokuahi missiles.

Ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka submarine nuklea mua loa o ka honua i ka lā 30 o Kepakemapa, 1954, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻano o ka mana mana no nā ʻāpana ʻili. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā mua, ua hana ʻia nā hana āpau ma ka papahana kūkulu ʻia ma kahi ʻano hana ʻole a i ʻole malū. ʻO ka hoʻololi wale ʻana o ka Luna Nui o ka US Navy a me ka manaʻo ʻana i kāna mau hana i ʻAukake 1955 e Adimarala W. Arleigh Burke (1901-1996) i wikiwiki loa ia.

I ka atom

Ua hoʻouna ka luna i kahi leka i nā keʻena hoʻolālā me kahi noi e loiloi i ka hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi mau papa o nā moku honua me nā mea kanu nuklea. Ma waho aʻe o nā mea lawe mokulele, pili ia i nā moku holo moku a me nā ukali i ka nui o ka frigate a i ʻole ka mea luku. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pane ʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka mahina ʻo Kepakemapa 1955, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Burke, a ua ʻae kāna alakaʻi, ʻo Charles Sparks Thomas, ke Kakauolelo o ka Mokuʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika, i ka manaʻo e hāʻawi i nā kālā kūpono i ka waihona kālā 1957 (FY57) no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka moku honua nuklea mua.

ʻO nā hoʻolālā mua i manaʻo ʻia he moku me ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 8000 tons a me ka wikiwiki o ka liʻiliʻi o 30 knots, akā ua ʻike koke ʻia ʻaʻole hiki ke "hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mea uila e pono ai, nā mea kaua, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lumi mīkini. ” i loko o kahi hull o ia mau ana, me ka ʻole o ka piʻi nui ʻana i loko o ia mea, a ʻo ka hāʻule e pili ana i ka wikiwiki ma lalo o 30 knots. ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kanu nuklea ʻaʻole i hele pū me ka mana i loaʻa. Ua ʻike nui ʻia ka nele o ka ikehu me ka piʻi mālie a hiki ʻole ke ʻalo ʻia i ka neʻe ʻana o ka moku i hoʻolālā ʻia. No ka manawa pōkole, no ka uku ʻana i ka nalowale o ka mana, ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ka hiki ke kākoʻo i ka mana nuklea me nā turbines kinoea (CONAG configuration), akā ua haʻalele koke ʻia kēia manaʻo. Ma muli o ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻonui i ka ikehu i loaʻa, ʻo ka hoʻoponopono wale nō ka hana ʻana i ka hull e hōʻemi i kāna huki hydrodynamic e like me ka hiki. ʻO kēia ke ala i lawe ʻia e ka poʻe ʻenekinia, nāna i hoʻoholo mai nā hoʻāʻo wai wai ʻo ka hoʻolālā lohi me ka 10: 1 ka lōʻihi a me ka laulā ākea ka hopena maikaʻi loa.

ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, ua hōʻoia ka poʻe loea mai ka Bureau of Ships (BuShips) i ka hiki ke kūkulu i kahi frigate, i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopaʻa ʻia me kahi ʻelua kanaka Terrier rocket launcher a me ʻelua mau pū 127-mm, e haʻalele ana i ka palena o ka tonnage i manaʻo ʻia. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i lōʻihi ka neʻe ʻana ma kēia pae, ʻoiai ma Ianuali 1956 ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka papahana e "huhū" - mua i 8900, a laila i 9314 tons (i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Malaki 1956).

I ka manawa i hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻokomo i kahi mea hoʻolaha Terrier i ke kakaka a me ka hope (ʻo ia ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Terrier pālua), ua hoʻonui ʻia ka neʻe ʻana i 9600 tons. ʻO ka hope, ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui ʻana, ua hoʻolako ʻia kahi papahana me ʻelua māhoe-missile. ʻO nā mea hoʻolaha Terrier (me ka lako o 80 missiles), kahi mea hoʻolaha Talos ʻelua (50 mau ʻāpana), a me kahi mea hoʻolaha RAT (Rocket Assisted Torpedo, ka progenitor o ka RUR-5 ASROC). Ua kaha ʻia kēia papahana me ka leka E.