ʻO ka pahu kai waena Hungarian 40M Turán I Ua loaʻa ka laikini no kahi pahu kukui mai ka lole lole Landsverk Swedish. Ua noi ʻia ka hui like e hoʻomohala i kahi tank medium. Ua hāʻule ka hui a i ʻAukake i ka makahiki 1940, ua ʻoki ka poʻe Hungarian i ka launa pū ʻana me ia. Ua hoʻāʻo pū lākou e ʻimi i kahi laikini ma Kelemania, kahi i hele ai kahi ʻelele pūʻali koa Hungarian i ʻApelila 1939. Ua noi ʻia ka poʻe Kelemania i Dekemaba e kūʻai wale aku i 180 T-IV medium tanks o ke Kaua Honua ʻElua no 27 miliona mau māka, akā naʻe, ua hōʻole ʻia lākou e hāʻawi i hoʻokahi pahu ma ke ʻano he kumu hoʻohālike. I kēlā manawa, he kakaikahi loa nā pahu kaʻa Pz.Kpfw IV i hana ʻia, a ke hoʻomaka nei ke kaua a he "blitzkrieg" ma mua o Farani. Kūkākūkā ʻia me Italia no ke kūʻai ʻana aku i ka M13/40 medium tank a, ʻoiai ua mākaukau kahi prototype no ka hoʻouna ʻana i ʻAukake 1940, ua loaʻa i ke aupuni Hungarian kahi laikini mai ka hui Czech ʻo Skoda. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻouna aku ka poʻe Kelemania i nā loea Hungarian i nā hale hana o Czechoslovakia i noho mua ʻia. I Pepeluali 1940, ua ʻae ke Kauoha Kiʻekiʻe o ka Wehrmacht Ground Forces (OKH) i ke kūʻai aku ʻana i kahi mea akamai. ʻO ka pahu Czech T-21 a me nā laikini no kāna hana ʻana. ʻO ka pahu liʻiliʻi T-21 "Turan I". Moolelo o ka hanaia. Ma hope i ka makahiki 1938, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻelua mau hale hana pahu pahu Czechoslovak - ČKD ma Prague a me Skoda ma Pilsen me nā papahana no kahi pahu wai. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he V-8-H a me S-III. Hāʻawi ka pūʻali koa i ka makemake i ka papahana CKD, e hāʻawi ana i ka pahu e hiki mai ana i ka inoa pūʻali koa LT-39. Ua hoʻoholo naʻe nā mea hoʻolālā o ka mea kanu ʻo Škoda e lanakila i ka hoʻokūkū a hoʻomaka e hana i kahi tank medium S-IIc hou, ma hope i kapa ʻia ʻo T-21. ʻO ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pahu kukui S-IIa (a i ʻole LT-1935) kaulana i ka makahiki 35. Ua kamaʻāina ka pūʻali koa Hungarian i kēia mīkini i Malaki 1939, i ko lākou noho ʻana iā Czechoslovakia me nā Kelemania. Ma ka hui pū ʻana me ke alakaʻi Kelemania, ua hāʻawi ʻia nā Hungarians i ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka ʻāina - Transcarpathia. Ma laila, ua hopu ʻia ʻelua mau pahu LT-35 i poino. Ua makemake nui ka poʻe Hungarian iā lākou. A ʻo ka Skoda, e hana ana i kēia manawa no ka poʻe Kelemania, ua loaʻa i kahi hoʻohālike kokoke i hoʻopau ʻia o kahi tank medium T-35 e like me ka LT-21 (ma ka liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano o ka chassis). Ma ke aloha o ka T-21, ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe loea mai ka Institute of Military Equipment (IVT). Ua hoʻohiki ka hoʻokele Skoda e hāʻawi i kahi prototype i nā Hungarians i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 1940. pahu pahu LT-35 Ke noʻonoʻo nei ke Kuhina Kūʻai ʻo Hungarian e kūʻai i nā pahu pahu 180 mai ka hui. Akā ua paʻa ʻo Skoda i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kauoha mai ka Wehrmacht, a ʻaʻole makemake iki ka poʻe Kelemania i ka tank T-21. I ʻApelila 1940, ua hele ka ʻelele pūʻali koa i Pilsen e loaʻa i kahi kope hiʻohiʻona, i lawe ʻia ma Iune 3, 1940 ma ke kaʻaahi mai Pilsen. Ma ka lā 10 o Iune, ua hōʻea ka pahu i Budapest ma ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka IWT. Ua makemake ka poʻe ʻenekinia e hoʻolako i ka pahu me kahi pū Hungarian 40 mm ma mua o ka pū 47 mm Czech A11 i manaʻo ʻia. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ka pūkuniahi Hungarian no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i loko ʻike pahu V.4. Ua hoʻopau ʻia nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka T-21 ma Iulai 10 i mua o ke Kuhina Defence General Barty. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻonui i ka mānoanoa o ka mea kaua i 35 mm, e hoʻokomo i nā pū mīkini Hungarian, e hoʻopiha i ka pahu me ka cupola o ke alakaʻi a hana i kekahi mau hoʻomaikaʻi liʻiliʻi. E like me nā manaʻo Kelemania, ʻekolu mau ohua e hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka pahu pahu: ʻo ke alakaʻi tank (ʻaʻole loa i ka mālama ʻana i ka pū no kāna mau hana pololei: ke koho ʻana a me ka hōʻailona, ​​​​nā leka uila, ke kauoha), ka pū pū, ka mea lawe ukana. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka hale kiaʻi o ka tank Czech no ʻelua mau kānaka. E loaʻa i ka pahu ka pahu pahu ʻewalu pahu Z-TURAN engine mai ka hale kanu ʻo Manfred Weiss. Ma Iulai 11, ua hōʻike ʻia ka pahu i nā alakaʻi a me nā ʻelele o nā hale hana e kūkulu. ʻO ka pahu Hungarian "Turan I" Kaomi kiʻi no ka ʻike nui aʻe Ua pūlima ʻia ka ʻaelike laikini hope loa ma ka lā 7 ʻAukake. Nowemapa 28 pahu waena 40.M. "Turan" ua aponoia. Akā ma mua, i ka lā 19 Kepakemapa, ua hoʻopuka ka Ministry of Defense i kahi kauoha no 230 tank i ʻehā mau hale hana me ka hāʻawi ʻana e nā hale hana: Manfred Weiss a me MV 70 kēlā me kēia, MAVAG - 40, Ganz - 50. Nāʻike hana Nā pahu kaʻa Hungarian Toldi-1   "Toldi" I Ka makahiki o ka hana 1940 Paona hakakā, t 8,5 ʻO Crew, poʻe 3 Ka lōʻihi o ke kino, mm 4750 Ka lōʻihi me ka pū i mua, mm   Pahu mm 2140 He kiʻekiʻe, mm 1870 Hoʻopaʻa, mm   Ka lae o ke kino 13 Papa huluhulu 13 Lae hale kiaʻi (hale huila) 13 + 20 Ka hale a me ka lalo o ka hull 6 ʻO Armament   Mīkini pu 36.M Kaliber i mm / ka lōʻihi o ka pahu i nā calibers 20/82 ʻO nā pū, nā pū   ʻO ka helu a me ka caliber (i ka mm) o nā pū mīkini 1-8,0 pū mīkini pale mokulele - ʻO nā pū no nā pū mīkini, pahu pahu   ʻenekini, ʻano, brand kalapona. "Busing-Nag" L8V/36TR Mana ʻenekini, h.p. 155 Kiekie ka māmā km / h 50 Kapahu wahie, l 253 Ma ke alaloa, km 220 Pihi lepo maʻamau, kg / knm2 0,62 Toldi-2   “Toldi” II Ka makahiki o ka hana 1941 Paona hakakā, t 9,3 ʻO Crew, poʻe 3 Ka lōʻihi o ke kino, mm 4750 Ka lōʻihi me ka pū i mua, mm   Pahu mm 2140 He kiʻekiʻe, mm 1870 Hoʻopaʻa, mm   Ka lae o ke kino 23-33 Papa huluhulu 13 Lae hale kiaʻi (hale huila) 13 + 20 Ka hale a me ka lalo o ka hull 6-10 ʻO Armament   Mīkini pu 42.M Kaliber i mm / ka lōʻihi o ka pahu i nā calibers 40/45 ʻO nā pū, nā pū 54 ʻO ka helu a me ka caliber (i ka mm) o nā pū mīkini 1-8,0 pū mīkini pale mokulele - ʻO nā pū no nā pū mīkini, pahu pahu   ʻenekini, ʻano, brand kalapona. "Busing-Nag" L8V/36TR Mana ʻenekini, h.p. 155 Kiekie ka māmā km / h 47 Kapahu wahie, l 253 Ma ke alaloa, km 220 Pihi lepo maʻamau, kg / knm2 0,68 Turana-1   "Turan" I Ka makahiki o ka hana 1942 Paona hakakā, t 18,2 ʻO Crew, poʻe 5 Ka lōʻihi o ke kino, mm 5500 Ka lōʻihi me ka pū i mua, mm   Pahu mm 2440 He kiʻekiʻe, mm 2390 Hoʻopaʻa, mm   Ka lae o ke kino 50 (60) Papa huluhulu 25 Lae hale kiaʻi (hale huila) 50 (60) Ka hale a me ka lalo o ka hull 8-25 ʻO Armament   Mīkini pu 41.M Kaliber i mm / ka lōʻihi o ka pahu i nā calibers 40/51 ʻO nā pū, nā pū 101 ʻO ka helu a me ka caliber (i ka mm) o nā pū mīkini 2-8,0 pū mīkini pale mokulele - ʻO nā pū no nā pū mīkini, pahu pahu   ʻenekini, ʻano, brand Z-TURAN карб. Z-TURA Mana ʻenekini, h.p. 260 Kiekie ka māmā km / h 47 Kapahu wahie, l 265 Ma ke alaloa, km 165 Pihi lepo maʻamau, kg / knm2 0,61 Turana-2   "Turan" II Ka makahiki o ka hana 1943 Paona hakakā, t 19,2 ʻO Crew, poʻe 5 Ka lōʻihi o ke kino, mm 5500 Ka lōʻihi me ka pū i mua, mm   Pahu mm 2440 He kiʻekiʻe, mm 2430 Hoʻopaʻa, mm   Ka lae o ke kino 50 Papa huluhulu 25 Lae hale kiaʻi (hale huila)   Ka hale a me ka lalo o ka hull 8-25 ʻO Armament   Mīkini pu 41.M Kaliber i mm / ka lōʻihi o ka pahu i nā calibers 75/25 ʻO nā pū, nā pū 56 ʻO ka helu a me ka caliber (i ka mm) o nā pū mīkini 2-8,0 pū mīkini pale mokulele - ʻO nā pū no nā pū mīkini, pahu pahu 1800 ʻenekini, ʻano, brand Z-TURAN карб. Z-TURA Mana ʻenekini, h.p. 260 Kiekie ka māmā km / h 43 Kapahu wahie, l 265 Ma ke alaloa, km 150 Pihi lepo maʻamau, kg / knm2 0,69 T-21   T-21 Ka makahiki o ka hana 1940 Paona hakakā, t 16,7 ʻO Crew, poʻe 4 Ka lōʻihi o ke kino, mm 5500 Ka lōʻihi me ka pū i mua, mm 5500 Pahu mm 2350 He kiʻekiʻe, mm 2390 Hoʻopaʻa, mm   Ka lae o ke kino 30 Papa huluhulu 25 Lae hale kiaʻi (hale huila)   Ka hale a me ka lalo o ka hull   ʻO Armament   Mīkini pu A-9 Kaliber i mm / ka lōʻihi o ka pahu i nā calibers 47 ʻO nā pū, nā pū   ʻO ka helu a me ka caliber (i ka mm) o nā pū mīkini 2-7,92 pū mīkini pale mokulele - ʻO nā pū no nā pū mīkini, pahu pahu   ʻenekini, ʻano, brand Carb. Skoda V-8 Mana ʻenekini, h.p. 240 Kiekie ka māmā km / h 50 Kapahu wahie, l   Ma ke alaloa, km   Pihi lepo maʻamau, kg / knm2 0,58 ʻO ka hoʻolālā o ka pahu "Turan I" Kaomi ma ke kiʻi e hoʻonui 1 - hoʻokomo i kahi pū mīkini papa a me kahi ʻike maka; 2 - nā mea nānā; 3 - pahu wahie; 4 - mīkini; 5 - pahu pahu; 6 - hoʻololi i ka mīkini; 7 - lever o ka mechanical (backup) drive o ka mīkini hoʻohuli; 8 - lever mīkini; 9 - pneumatic cylinder o ka ʻōnaehana mana pahu; 10 - hoʻokele lever o ka mīkini hoʻohuli me ka hoʻoulu pneumatic; 11 - ka pū mikini embrasure; 12 - ka hatch inspection o ka mea hoʻokele; 13 - ka holo wāwae; 14 - ka wāwae wāwae; 15 - ka pahu hopu nui; 16 - ka mīkini no ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka hale kiaʻi; 17 - ʻapo pū. Ua mālama ʻo Turan i ke ʻano o ka T-21. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ka mea kaua, nā mea kaua a me kāna hoʻopili ʻana, ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoluʻu ʻenekini (a me ka ʻenekini ponoʻī), hoʻoikaika ʻia nā mea kaua, hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hana a me nā kamaʻilio. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ke kīʻaha o ke aliʻi. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka pū Turana 41.M e MAVAG ma ke kumu o ka pū pahu pahu 37.M 37.M i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka pahu V.4, ka pū anti-tank Hungarian (ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka German 37-mm. PAK 35/36 anti-tank gun) a me nā laikini Skoda no ka pū pahu pahu 40 mm A17. No ka pūkuniahi Turan, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā pū no ka pū anti-aircraft 40-mm Bofors. Na pu mikini 34./40.A.M. ʻO ka hui "Gebauer" "Danuvia" me ka mana lipine pahu hoʻoluʻu ea i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka hale kiaʻi a ma ka pā hull mua. Ua pale ʻia ko lākou mau pahu e nā pale kaua mānoanoa. Hoʻopili ʻia nā papa kila me nā rivets a i ʻole bolts. Kaomi ma ke kiʻi o ka pahu "Turan" e hoʻonui Tank "Turan" i ka wā e hele ai. Mahele Panzer 2. Polani, 1944 "Turan I" mai ka 2nd Panzer Division. Hikina Hikina, ʻApelila 1944 ʻO ka ʻenekini ʻewalu cylinder no Turan i hana ʻia e ka mea kanu Manfred Weiss. Hāʻawi ia i ka pahu me ka wikiwiki kūpono a me ka neʻe maikaʻi. Ua mālama ka chassis i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka "kupuna" mamao o ka pahu kukui S-IIa. Hoʻopili ʻia nā kaʻa kaʻa i loko o nā kaʻa o ʻehā (ʻelua pālua ma ko lākou mau kaulike) me kahi puna lau ākea maʻamau ma ke ʻano he mea elastic. Nā huila hoʻokele - kahi hope. ʻO ka hoʻoili lima lima he 6 ka wikiwiki (3 × 2) i mua a i hope. ʻO ka pahu pahu pahu a me ka mīkini hoʻololi honua honua hoʻokahi i hoʻokele ʻia e nā pneumatic servo drives. Ua maʻalahi kēia i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ka mea hoʻokele a hoʻemi i kona luhi. Ua loaʻa hoʻi kahi hoʻokele mechanical (manual). Aia nā kaʻa ma ka hoʻokele a me nā huila alakaʻi a loaʻa nā servo drive, i kope ʻia e ka mīkini mīkini. Ua lako ʻia ka pahu me nā mea nānā ʻeono prismatic (periscopic) ma luna o ka hale o ka hale kiaʻi a me ke kīʻaha luna a ma ka hale o ke alo o ka hull (no ka mea hoʻokele a me ka mīkini pū). Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa i ka mea hoʻokele kahi mākaʻikaʻi me kahi triplex ma ka paia kūwaho mua, a ʻo ka mea pū mīkini he ʻike maka i pale ʻia e kahi pahu mea kaua. Ua loaʻa i ka mea kī pū kekahi mea ʻimi liʻiliʻi. Ua lako nā pahu a pau me nā lekiō ʻano R/5a. Mai ka makahiki 1944, ua loaʻa iā "Turans" nā pale 8-mm e kū'ē i nā projectiles cumulative, i kau ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka hull a me ka turret. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ke aliʻi 40.M. “Turan” I R.K. i ke kumu kūʻai o kekahi hōʻemi o nā pu i loaʻa i kahi transceiver hou R / 4T. Ua kau ʻia kāna antenna ma hope o ka hale kiaʻi. Ua haʻalele nā ​​kaʻa mua Turan I i ka hale hana ʻo Manfred Weiss i ʻApelila 1942. A hiki i Mei 1944, ua hana ʻia he 285 tank Turan I, ʻo ia hoʻi: i ka makahiki 1942 - 158; i ka makahiki 1943 - 111; i ka makahiki 1944 - 16 pahu. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hana nui o kēlā me kēia mahina ma Iulai a me Kepakemapa 1942 - 24 mau pahu. Ma nā hale hana, ua like ka māhele ʻana o nā kaʻa i kūkulu ʻia: "Manfred Weiss" - 70, "Magyar wagon" - 82, "Ganz" - 74, MAVAG - 59 mau ʻāpana. Nā kumuhana: M. B. Baryatinsky. Honvedsheg pahu. (Armored Collection No. 3 (60) - 2005); I.P.Shmelev. Nā kaʻa kaua o Hungary (1940-1945); ʻO G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Tanks 1915 - 2000"; George Kanaha. Nā Tanks Kaua Honua ʻelua; Attila Bonhardt-Gyula-Sárhidai László Winkler: ʻO ka mea kaua o ka Royal Hungarian Army.