Nā pūʻali koa Hungarian i ke Kaua Honua II

Nā ʻāpana o ka 1st Motorized Regiment o ka 1st Panzer Division ma ka Hikina Hikina; kauwela 1942

ʻO nā hui Kelemania e hakakā ana ma ka Hikina Hikina i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua II, ʻo ka Royal Hungarian Army - Magyar Királyi Homvédség (MKH) i hoʻonohonoho i ka pūʻali koa nui loa. Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa i ke Aupuni Hungary kahi ʻoihana e hiki ke hoʻolālā a hana i nā mea kaua (koe wale nō ke aupuni o Italia e hiki ke hana).

Ma Iune 1920, 325, ua pūlima ʻia kahi kuʻikahi kuʻikahi ma waena o Hungary a me nā mokuʻāina ʻo Entente ma ka Hale Aliʻi ʻo Grant Trianon ma Versailles. Ua paʻakikī nā kūlana i kuhikuhi ʻia e Hungary: ua hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻāina o ka ʻāina mai 93 a 21 tausani km², a ʻo ka heluna kanaka mai 8 a 35 miliona. Ua uku ʻo Hungary i nā hoʻoponopono kaua, ua pāpā ʻia lākou e mālama i kahi pūʻali koa ʻoi aku 1920 kanaka. nā luna a me nā koa, he pūʻali koa ea, he navy a me ka ʻoihana koa, a kūkulu pū i nā ala kaʻa he nui. ʻO ka mea nui mua o nā aupuni Hungarian a pau e hoʻoponopono i nā ʻōlelo o ke kuʻikahi a i ʻole e hōʻole ʻole iā lākou. Mai ʻOkakopa XNUMX, ma nā kula āpau, ua pule nā ​​haumāna i ka pule a ka poʻe: Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei au i ke Akua / Manaʻo wau i ka ʻĀina makuahine / Manaʻo wau i ka Pono / Manaʻo wau i ke alahouana o Old Hungary.

Mai nā kaʻa kaua i nā kaʻa - nā kānaka, nā hoʻolālā a me nā mīkini

Ua ʻae ka Treaty of Trianon i nā mākaʻi Hungarian e loaʻa i nā kaʻa pale kaua. I ka makahiki 1922 he ʻumikūmālua. I ka makahiki 1928, ua hoʻomaka ka pūʻali Hungarian i kahi papahana o ka ʻenehana hou o nā mea kaua a me nā mea kaua, me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pūʻali koa. Ua kūʻai ʻia ʻekolu mau pahu pahu pahu Pelekane ʻo Carden-Lloyd Mk IV, ʻelima mau pahu kukui Fiat 3000B Italia, ʻeono mau kaʻa māmā Swedish m / 21-29 a me kekahi mau kaʻa pale kaua. Hoʻomaka ka hana i ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka pūʻali koa Hungarian me nā mea kaua i nā makahiki 30, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana ua hoʻokomo wale lākou i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā papahana a me nā prototypes o nā kaʻa kaua.

Ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā kaʻa kaua Csaba hou i ka ʻāpana laina; 1940

Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā papahana ʻelua e ka ʻenekini Hungarian ʻo Miklós Strausler (a laila e noho ana ma UK) me ke komo ʻana o ka mea kanu Weiss Manfréd ma Budapest. Ua hana ʻia lākou ma ke kumu o nā kaʻa kaua Alvis AC I a me AC II. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā hopena i unuhi ʻia mai ke aʻo ʻana o nā kaʻa i kūʻai ʻia ma UK, ua kauoha ka pūʻali Hungarian i nā kaʻa kaua Alvis AC II i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, i koho ʻia ʻo 39M Csaba. Ua paʻa iā lākou me kahi pū anti-tank 20 mm a me kahi pū mīkini 8 mm. Ua haʻalele ka pūʻulu mua o nā kaʻa 61 i nā hale hana Weiss Manfréd i ka makahiki hoʻokahi. Ua kauoha ʻia kekahi pūʻulu o nā kaʻa he 32 i ka makahiki 1940, he ʻumikūmālua o lākou i loko o ka mana kauoha, kahi i hoʻololi ʻia ai ka mea kaua nui e ʻelua radios ikaika. No laila, ua lilo ka ka'a kā'ei Csaba i mea hana ma'amau o nā hui ho'okele Hungarian. Ua pau kekahi mau kaʻa o kēia ʻano i ka mākaʻi. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hoʻōki ma laila.

Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 30, ua ʻike ʻole ʻia nā ʻōlelo o ka Trianon Disarmament Treaty, a ma 1934 30 L3 / 33 tankettes i kūʻai ʻia mai Italia, a ma 1936 ua kau ʻia kahi kauoha no nā tankettes 110 i kahi mana hou o L3. / 35. Me nā kūʻai hope ʻana, ua loaʻa i ka pūʻali Hungarian he 151 mau pahu pahu i hana ʻia e Italia, i māhele ʻia i waena o nā hui ʻehiku i hāʻawi ʻia i nā pūʻali koa lio a me nā pūʻali kaʻa. I ka makahiki 1934, ua kūʻai ʻia kahi pahu kukui PzKpfw IA (helu helu H-253) mai Kelemania no ka hoʻāʻo. I ka makahiki 1936, ua loaʻa iā Hungary ka pahu māmā Landsverk L-60 mai Suedena mai no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. I ka makahiki 1937, ua hoʻoholo ke aupuni Hungarian e haʻalele loa i ke kuikahi hoʻokuʻu kaua a hoʻomaka i kahi hoʻolālā e hoʻonui a hoʻololi i ka pūʻali koa "Haba I". Ua manaʻo ʻo ia, i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi kaʻa kaua hou a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi pahu. I ka makahiki 1937, ua kau inoa ʻia kahi ʻaelike ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana nui o ka pahu ma Hungary ma lalo o kahi laikini Suedena.

Nā ho'āʻo o ka Landsverk L-60 pahu kukui i kūʻai ʻia ma Suedena; 1936

Ma Malaki 5, 1938, ua hoʻolaha ke kuhina nui o ke aupuni Hungarian i ka Polokalamu Gyor, kahi i manaʻo ai he ulu nui o ka ʻoihana koa kūloko. I loko o ʻelima mau makahiki, e hoʻohana ʻia ka huina o hoʻokahi piliona pengö (ma kahi o ka hapahā o ka waihona kālā makahiki) no nā pūʻali koa, a ʻo 600 miliona e hoʻohana pololei ʻia no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pūʻali koa Hungarian. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui wikiwiki ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana o ka pūʻali koa. E loaʻa ana i ka pūʻali koa, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ka mokulele, nā pūʻali koa, nā pūʻali parachute, nā flotilla muliwai a me nā mea kaua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. E hana ʻia nā mea hana ma ka home a kūʻai ʻia me nā hōʻaiʻē mai Kelemania a me Italia. I ka makahiki i hāpai ʻia ai ka hoʻolālā, ua helu ʻia ka pūʻali koa 85 mau luna a me nā koa (i ka makahiki 250 - 1928), ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia kahi ʻoihana koa koi ʻelua makahiki. Inā pono, hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā kānaka 40. nā mea mālama mālama.

Ua loaʻa iā Miklos Strausler kekahi ʻike i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā mea kaua kaua, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kāna mau pahu V-3 a me V-4 no ka pūʻali Hungarian, akā ua nalowale ke aloha no nā kaʻa kaua i ka pahu L-60 o Suedena. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka mea hope e ka ʻenekini Kelemania ʻo Otto Marker a ua hoʻāʻo ʻia mai Iune 23 a Iulai 1, 1938 ma nā kahua hoʻāʻo ʻo Heymasker a me Varpalota. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o nā hoʻokolohua, ua manaʻo ʻo General Grenady-Novak e hana i 64 mau ʻāpana no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ʻehā hui, e hoʻopili ʻia i ʻelua pūʻali kaʻa a me ʻelua pūʻali koa lio. I kēia manawa, ua ʻae ʻia kēia pahu no ka hana ʻana e like me ka 38M Toldi. Ma kahi hālāwai ma Sepatemaba 2, 1938 ma ke Keʻena Kaua me nā ʻelele o MAVAG a me Ganz, ua hana ʻia kekahi mau hoʻololi i ke kiʻi kumu. Ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻolako i ka pahu me kahi pūkuniahi 36-mm 20M (laikini Solothurn), hiki ke puhi i ka 15-20 mau pōʻai i kēlā me kēia minuke. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi pū mīkini 34 mm Gebauer 37/8 i loko o ka hull.

ʻO ka prototype o ka pahu kaua mua o ka pūʻali Hungarian - Toldi; 1938

Ma muli o ka ʻike ʻole o ka poʻe Hungarian i ka hana ʻana i nā pahu, ua lohi iki ka ʻaelike mua no nā kaʻa 80 Toldi. Pono e kūʻai ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana ma Suedena a me Kelemānia, incl. Nā ʻenekini Bussing-MAG. Ua kūkulu ʻia kēia mau ʻenekini ma ka hale hana MAVAG. Ua hoʻolako ʻia lākou me nā pahu mua 80 Toldi. ʻO ka hopena, ua ʻōwili ʻia nā mīkini mua o kēia ʻano mai ka laina hui ma Malaki 1940. ʻO nā pahu me nā helu hoʻopaʻa inoa mai H-301 a i H-380 i koho ʻia ʻo Toldi I, me nā helu hoʻopaʻa inoa mai H-381 a i H-490 a me Toldi II. . Ua kūkulu ʻia nā ʻāpana 40 mua ma ka mea kanu MAVAG, ʻo ke koena ma Ganz. ʻO ka lawe ʻana mai ʻApelila 13, 1940 a hiki i Mei 14, 1941. Ma ka hihia o nā pahu Toldi II, ua like ke kūlana, nā kaʻa me nā helu inoa mai H-381 a i H-422 i hana ʻia ma ka hale kanu MAVAG, a mai H- 424 a i H -490 ma Gantz.

Nā hana kaua mua (1939-1941)

ʻO ka hoʻohana mua ʻana i nā mea kaua Hungarian i loaʻa ma hope o ka Hui Munich (September 29-30, 1938), i ka manawa i hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Hungary i ka ʻaoʻao hema o Slovakia - Transcarpathian Rus; 11 km² o ka ʻāina me 085 tausani kānaka a me ka ʻaoʻao hema o Slovakia hou i kūkulu ʻia - 552 km² o 1700 tausani mau kānaka. ʻO ka noho ʻana o kēia ʻāina, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka 70nd motorized brigade me kahi platoon o nā pahu kukui Fiat 2B a me ʻekolu mau hui tankettes L3000 / 3, a me ka 35st a me ka 1nd cavalry brigades, nona nā hui ʻehā o nā tankettes L2 / 3 . Ua komo nā pūʻali koa i kēia hana mai 35 a 17 Malaki 23. Ua loaʻa i nā pahu pahu Hungarian ko lākou pohō mua i ka wā o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o Slovak ma kahi hui kokoke i Lower Rybnitsa i ka lā 1939 o Malaki, i ka manawa i make ai ʻo Colonel Vilmos Orosvari mai ka pūʻali koa reconnaissance o ka 24nd motorized brigade. Ua hāʻawiʻia kekahi mau lālā o nā pūʻali koa, e like me: cap. ʻO Tibot Karpathy, Lieutenant Laszlo Beldi a me Corp. Istvan Feher. ʻO ka launa pū ʻana me Kelemania a me Italia i kēia manawa ua lilo i mea kaulana; ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia mau ʻāina i ka poʻe Hungarian, ʻoi aku ka nui o ko lākou makemake.

ʻO ka pūʻali koa Hungarian ma ka pahu pahu LT-35 Czechoslovak i wāwahi ʻia; 1939

Ma Malaki 1, 1940 ua hoʻokumu ʻo Hungary i ʻekolu mau pūʻali koa kahua (1st, 2nd and 3rd). ʻEkolu hale o kēlā me kēia o lākou. Ua hoʻokumu pū ʻia kahi hui Carpathian kūʻokoʻa. ʻO ka huina, he 12 pūʻali koa Hungarian. ʻEhiku o lākou, hui pū me nā ʻāpana kino, ua hoʻokumu ʻia i ka lā 1 o Nowemapa, 1938 mai nā pūʻali huikau; VIII Corps ma Transcarpathian Rus, Kepakemapa 15, 1939; IX Corps ma Northern Transylvania (Transylvania) i ka lā 4 o Kepakemapa, 1940. ʻO nā pūʻali kaʻa a me nā pūʻali koa Hungarian he ʻelima mau pūʻali koa: ʻo ka 1st a me 2nd brigades cavalry a me ka 1st and 2nd motorized brigades i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ʻOkakopa 1, 1938. , a Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka 1st Reserve Cavalry Brigade ma Mei 1, 1944. ʻO kēlā me kēia o nā pūʻali koa lio he hui hoʻomalu, he pūʻali koa lio, he pūʻali koa pū kaʻa, ʻelua mahele kaʻa kaʻa, he hui pahu, he hui o nā kaʻa pale kaua, he pūʻali koa ʻike maka, a me ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pūʻali koa hoʻokele bomber. he hui pū mīkini a me ʻekolu hui kaua lio). ʻO ka pūʻali koa kaʻa he ʻano like ʻole, akā ma kahi o ka hussar regiment, he ʻekolu batatalion rifle regiment.

I ʻAukake 1940, ua komo nā Hungarians i ka ʻāina o Transylvania ʻākau, i noho ʻia e Romania. A laila, ʻaneʻane hoʻomaka ke kaua. Ua hoʻonohonoho ka Hui Nui Hungarian i ka lā o ka hoʻouka kaua no ʻAukake 29, 1940. Eia naʻe, ua huli ka poʻe Romanians i Kelemania a me Italia no ka uwao. Ua lanakila hou na Hungarians, me ka hookahe ole i ke koko. Ua hoʻohui ʻia kahi ʻāina o 43 km² me ka heluna kanaka o 104 miliona i ko lākou ʻāina. I Kepakemapa 2,5, ua komo nā pūʻali Hungarian i Transylvania, kahi i ʻae ʻia e ka hoʻoholo ʻana. Ua komo pū lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka 1940st a me 1nd Cavalry Brigades me 2 Toldi tanks.

ʻO ka pūʻali koa Hungarian, i hoʻolako ʻia me nā tankettes Italia L3 / 35, i loko o Transcarpathian Rus; 1939

Ua hiki mai ke kauoha Hungarian i ka hopena ʻo ka mea mua e hoʻolako i ka pūʻali koa me nā mea kaua. No laila, ua hoʻonuiʻia nā hana a pau e pili ana i ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i nā pūʻali koa a me ka hoʻonohonoho houʻana o ka pūʻali. Ua hoʻomaka mua nā kaʻa kaʻa Toldi me ʻehā pūʻali koa lio. Ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o kā lākou hana ʻana ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. A hiki i ʻOkakopa 1940, ʻehā pūʻali koa i hoʻokomo i hoʻokahi hui o 18 Toldi tanks. Ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā pūʻali koa 9 a me 11 i mau pūʻali koa, ʻo ia ke kumu no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka pūʻali koa kaua Hungarian mua. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā pahu i ka hoʻolaha mai 18 a 23 mau kaʻa. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kauoha no nā pahu Toldi e nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe 110. Ua kūkulu ʻia lākou ma waena o Mei 1941 a me Dekemaba 1942. Ua kapa ʻia kēia pūʻulu lua ʻo Toldi II a ʻokoʻa i ka moʻo mua ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana Hungarian a me nā mea maka. Ua pūlima ʻo Hungary i ka Pact of the Three (Kelemānia, Italia a me Iapana) i ka lā 27 o Kepakemapa, 1940.

Ua komo ka pūʻali koa Hungarian i ka hoʻouka kaua o Kelemānia, Italia a me Bulgaria e kūʻē iā Yugoslavia i ka makahiki 1941. ʻO ka pūʻali koa ʻekolu (ka hoʻokele: General Elmer Nowak-Gordoni), ʻo ia hoʻi ka IV Corps o General Laszlo Horvath a me ka First Corps o General Soltan Deklev, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka hana ʻino. Ua hoʻonohonoho pū ka pūʻali koa Hungarian i kahi Rapid Reaction Corps hou i hoʻokumu ʻia (Commander: General Beli Miklós-Dalnoki), nona nā pūʻali koa ʻelua a me ʻelua pūʻali koa lio. Aia nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe ma ke kikowaena o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi pūʻali pahu pahu hou (ʻelua hui). Ma muli o ka lohi o ka neʻe ʻana a me ka nele o nā mea kaua, ʻaʻole i hiki i kekahi mau ʻāpana i ko lākou kūlana maʻamau; no ka laʻana, ua nalowale ka 3nd motorized brigade 2 Toldi tanks, 10 Chaba armored kaʻa, 8 motika a me 135 mau kaʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻEkolu o kēia mau pūʻali koa i hoʻonoho kūʻē iā Yugoslavia; ʻO ka 21st a me ka 1nd motorized brigades (he 2 Toldi tanks) a me ka 54nd cavalry brigade i komo pū me kahi pūʻali koa reconnaissance me kahi hui tankettes L2 / 3/33 (35 mau ʻāpana), kahi hui tank "Toldi" (18 pcs.) A he kaʻa kāhiko o ka hui kaʻa ʻo Csaba. ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua Yugoslav o 18 ka mea mua o nā kaʻa kaua hou i ka pūʻali Hungarian. I loko o kēia hoʻouka kaua, ua hoʻokō ʻia nā hakakā nui nui o ka pūʻali Hungarian.

ʻO nā Cadets o ka Hungarian Military Academy of Empress Louis (Magyar Királyi Hond Ludovika Akadémia) i ke kaʻina o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kaʻa kaua hou.

Ua nalowale ka Hungarians i kā lākou kaʻa kaua mua ma ʻApelila 11, 1941, ua hōʻino ʻia ka tankette L3 / 35 e kahi maina, a ma ka lā 13 ʻApelila ma kahi kokoke i Senttamash (Srbobran) ua luku ʻia ʻelua mau kaʻa kaua Chaba mai ka hui kaʻa kaua o ka 2nd cavalry brigade. . Ua hoʻouka lākou i nā pā kaua o ka ʻenemi me ke kākoʻo ʻole o nā pū, a ua lawe koke ka ʻenemi i ka pū anti-tank 37-mm i waho o ke kaua. Mawaena o na koa make eono, he lutanela opiopio. Laszlo Beldi. Ma ia lā hoʻokahi, ua make pū ka ʻehiku o ke kaʻa kaua, ʻo ia hoʻi ke alakaʻi o ke kaʻa kauoha Chaba, ka luna koa platoon, ʻo Lieutenant Andor Alexei, ka mea i kī ʻia i mua o kahi luna Yugoslav i hāʻawi ʻia nāna i hūnā i kāna pū. Ma ka lā 13 o ʻApelila, ua hoʻokūkū ʻia kahi kaʻa kaua Csaba mai ka pūʻali koa reconnaissance o ka 1st motorized brigade me kahi kolamu kaʻa o ka pūʻali Yugoslav kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Dunagalosh (Glozhan) i ka wā o kahi mākaʻikaʻi. Na ka poʻe o ke kaʻa i uhaʻi i ke kolamu a lawe pio i nā pio he nui.

Ma hope o ka huakaʻi 5 km, ua hui pū ka hui like me kahi platoon ʻenemi o nā kaʻa kaʻa, a ua luku ʻia hoʻi. Ma hope o 8 km ma ka hema o Petrots (Bachki-Petrovac), ua hālāwai ka hope o kekahi o nā regiment Yugoslav. Ua kanalua ka ohua no kekahi manawa. Ua wehe ʻia kahi ahi ikaika mai kahi pūkuniahi 20-mm, e kīkēkē ana i nā koa ʻenemi i ka honua. Ma hope o hoʻokahi hola o ka hakakā ʻana, ua haki nā kūʻē a pau. Kaʻa kaʻa kaua, kino. Ua loaʻa iā Janos Toth ka mekala pūʻali koa Hungarian kiʻekiʻe loa - ka Medal Gula no ka Courage. ʻAʻole ʻo kēia luna kōmike ʻole wale nō ka mea i komo i ka mōʻaukala o nā pūʻali koa Hungarian i nā leka gula. Ma ʻApelila 1500, ua hopu ʻo Kāpena Geza Möszoli a me kāna Panzer Squadron Toldi i 14 mau koa Yugoslav kokoke i Titel. No nā lā ʻelua o ka hakakā ʻana me nā pūʻali hope hope o ka māhele Yugoslav (ʻApelila 13-14) ma kahi o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Petrets (Bachki-Petrovac), ua nalowale ka 1st motorized rifle brigade he 6 i make a he 32 i ʻeha. lawe pio 3500 a loaʻa ka nui o nā lako a me nā mea pau.

No ka pūʻali koa Hungarian, ʻo ka hoʻouka kaua ʻo Yugoslav o 1941 ka hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi mua o nā mea kaua kaua, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o nā luina a me ko lākou mau luna, a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi kumu o nā ʻāpana neʻe. Ma ka lā 15 o ʻApelila, ua hoʻopili ʻia nā pūʻali koa kaʻa o ka Rapid Corps i ka pūʻali koa Kelemania o General von Kleist. Ua hoʻomaka nā ʻāpana kaʻawale e hele ma waena o Barania i Serbia. I kekahi lā aʻe, hele lākou ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai Drava a hoʻopio iā Eseka. A laila hele lākou i ka hikina hikina a hiki i kahi ma waena o nā muliwai Danube a me Sava, i Belgrade. Ua lawe ka poʻe Hungarian iā Viunkovci (Vinkovci) a me Šabac. Ma ke ahiahi o ʻApelila 16, ua lawe pū lākou iā Valjevo (50 km hohonu i ka ʻāina ʻo Serbia). Ma ka lā 17 o ʻApelila, ua pau ke kaua kūʻē iā Yugoslavia me kona hāʻawi pio ʻana. ʻO nā ʻāpana o Bačka (Vojvodina), Baranya, a me Medimuria a me Prekumria, ua hoʻohui ʻia iā Hungary; 11 km² wale nō, me 474 kānaka (1% Hungarians). Ua kapa ka poʻe lanakila i nā ʻāina ʻo "Recovered Southern Territories".

He minuke hoʻomaha no ka poʻe o ke kaʻa kaua Chaba i ka wā o ke kaua Yugoslav o 1941.

I ka pūnāwai o 1941, ua ʻike maopopo ʻia ʻo ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka pūʻali koa Hungarian e hoʻopuka ana i nā hopena ʻike; ʻAʻole naʻe i hiki i nā luna a me nā koa ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ke kūlana o nā mea kaua, e like me ka mālama ʻole ʻia ʻana o nā mea mālama, ʻaʻole lawa nā mokulele hou, nā mokulele a me nā pū anti-tank a me nā pahu.

A hiki i Iune 1941, ua loaʻa i ka pūʻali Hungarian he 85 mau kaʻa māmā Toldi i ka mākaukau kaua. ʻO ka hopena, ʻo nā pūʻali koa 9 a me 11 i hoʻokumu ʻia he ʻelua mau pūʻulu pahu i kēlā me kēia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i piha, ʻoiai he 18 mau kaʻa i loko o ka hui. He ʻewalu mau pahu kaʻa Toldi i kēlā me kēia pūʻali koa o nā pūʻali koa lio. Mai ka makahiki 1941, ua wikiwiki ka hana i ka hana ʻana i nā pahu, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono ʻo Hungary e hoʻokomo i nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻāpana. Eia nō naʻe, no ka manawa, ua uhi ka propaganda i kēia mau hemahema ma o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā koa a me nā makaʻāinana, e kāhea ana i nā koa o ka pūʻali Hungarian "ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka honua." I ka makahiki 1938-1941 adm. ʻO Hort, me ke kākoʻo o Hitler, ua hiki ke hoʻoponopono hou i nā palena o ke Kuikahi o Trianon kokoke me ka hakakā ʻole. Ma hope o ka pio ʻana o Czechoslovakia e ka poʻe Kelemania, ua noho ka poʻe Hungarian i ka hema o Slovakia a me Transcarpathian Rus, a ma hope o Transylvania akau. Ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o nā mana Axis iā Yugoslavia, ua lawe lākou i kahi ʻāpana o ka Banat. Ua "hoʻokuʻu" ka poʻe Hungarian i 2 miliona o ko lākou mau hoa, a ua piʻi ka ʻāina o ke aupuni i 172 tausani. km². Pono ke kumu kūʻai no kēia - ke komo ʻana i ke kaua me ka USSR.

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka pūʻali koa Hungarian me ka hui pū ʻana me ka pūʻali koa; ʻO Tank Toldi ma ka mana o ka luna koa, Mei 1941.

Komo i Gehena - USSR (1941)

Ua komo ʻo Hungary i ke kaua kūʻē i ka USSR ma Iune 27, 1941, ma lalo o ke kaomi ikaika ʻana mai Kelemania a ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o Soviet i ka Hungarian Kosice. A hiki i kēia lā, ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia ka mea nona nā mokulele i pana i ke kūlanakauhale. Ua hui kēia hoʻoholo me ke kākoʻo nui mai nā Hungarians. Ua komo pū ka Fast Corps (luna: General Bela Miklós) i ke kaua me ka Wehrmacht ma ke ʻano he ʻekolu brigades i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me 60 L / 35 tankettes a me 81 Toldi pahu, ʻo ia kekahi o ka 1st motorized brigade (gen. Jeno) nui. , 9th Tank Battalion), 2nd Motorized Brigade (General Janos Wörös, 11th Armored Battalion) a me 1st Cavalry Brigade (General Antal Wattay, 1st Armored Cavalry Battalion). ʻO kēlā me kēia pūʻali koa he ʻekolu hui, he 54 mau kaʻa pale kaua (20 L3 / 35 tankettes, 20 Toldi I tank, kahi hui kaʻa kaua Csaba a me ʻelua mau kaʻa no kēlā me kēia hui poʻo - tankettes a me nā pahu). Eia naʻe, ʻo ka hapalua o nā mea hana o ka māhele kaua o ka pūʻali koa lio he L3 / 35 tankettes. ʻO kēlā me kēia hui helu "1" i noho ma hope ma ke ʻano he mālama. ʻO nā pūʻali koa Hungarian ma ka hikina he 81 mau kaʻa, 60 pahu pahu a me 48 mau kaʻa kaua. Ua lilo ka poʻe Hungarian ma lalo o ke kauoha a ka pūʻali koa Kelemania Hema. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau, ua hui pū ʻia lākou e ka hui Panzer 1, ka pūʻali 6 a me 17, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema e nā pūʻali koa Romanian 3 a me 4 a me ka pūʻali koa Kelemania 11.

ʻO Nimrod - ʻo ka pūʻali koa kūʻokoʻa maikaʻi loa o ka pūʻali Hungarian; 1941 (hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea luku pahu).

Ua hoʻomaka ka huakaʻi o ka hui Carpathian, i komo pū me ka Rapid Corps, i ka lā 28 o Iune, 1941, me ke kali ʻole i ka pau ʻana o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā hui kino i hoʻomaka i ka hakakā ma ka ʻēheu ʻākau ma Iulai 1, 1941. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui. o ka Rapid Corps e noho ia Nadvortsa, Delatin, Kolomyia a me Snyatyn. ʻO ka 2nd motorized brigade i lawe iā Delatin ma Iulai 2, a ma ka lua o ka lā - Kolomyia a me Gorodenka. ʻO ka hana mua a ka 1st motorized rifle brigade e uhi i ka ʻēheu hema o ka 2nd motorized rifle brigade, nona nā mea kaua i hakakā ma kahi o Zalishchikov a me Gorodenka. Ma muli o ka hakakā liʻiliʻi me nā Soviets, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i komo i ke kaua a ma Iulai 7 ua hele ʻo ia i ka Dniester ma Zalishchyky me ka ʻole o nā poho nui. I ka lā aʻe, ua noho ka 1st Motorized Brigade i ke kauhale o Tluste ma ka muliwai Seret, a ma ka lā 9 o Iulai i hala i ka muliwai Zbruch ma Skala. I kēlā lā ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hui Carpathian. I loko o kēia mau lā he ʻumikūmālua a ʻoi paha o ka hakakā ʻana, ua hōʻike ʻia ka nui o nā hemahema o ka "pūʻali koa hiki ʻole ke lanakila": ua lohi loa a ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi nā mea a me nā kumu ʻenehana. Ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe Kelemania e hoʻouka kaua hou aku ka Fast Corps. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻouna ʻia nā pūʻali koa huakaʻi Hungarian e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i loko o ke koena o nā pūʻali ʻenemi i pio. Ua lilo ʻo Hungarians i ʻāpana o ka pūʻali koa 17 ma Iulai 23, 1941.

ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻāina paʻakikī, ua hiki i nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o ka Fast Corps ke hopu i 10 mau pahu, 12 mau pū a me 13 mau kaʻa mai ka ʻenemi mai Iulai 12 a 11. Ma ke ahiahi o Iulai 13, ma nā puʻu ma ke komohana o Filyanovka, ua pilikia nā poʻe o nā kaʻa ʻo Toldi no ka manawa mua i ka hoʻomaka koʻikoʻi. ʻO nā kaʻa o ka hui 3 o ka pūʻali koa 9 o ka pūʻali koa puʻupuʻu kaʻa kaʻa i kū i ke kūʻē paʻakikī mai ka Red Army. Kapena pahu. Ua luku ʻia ʻo Tibor Karpathy e kahi pū anti-tank, ua ʻeha ke alakaʻi, a ua make ʻelua mau ohua ʻē aʻe. He pahu hoʻowalewale a maʻalahi ka pahu i haki ʻole ʻia o ka pūʻali koa. ʻO ka luna koa o ka pahu lua, ʻo Sgt. Ua ʻike ʻo Pal Habal i kēia kūlana. Ua hoʻoneʻe koke ʻo ia i kāna kaʻa ma waena o ka pūkuniahi Soviet a me ka pahu kauoha immobilized. Ua hoʻāʻo ka poʻe o kāna kaʻa e hoʻopau i ke kūlana kiʻi o ka pū anti-tank, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa. Ua pā pū kekahi pahi kaua Soviet i ka pahu o Sergeant. Habala. Ua make ka ohua o ekolu. ʻO nā pahu pahu ʻeono, hoʻokahi wale nō i ola, ʻo Cpt. Karpaty. Me kēia mau poho, ua luku aku ke koena o nā kaʻa o ka bataliona i ʻekolu mau pū anti-tank i kēlā lā, e hoʻomau ana i kā lākou huakaʻi i ka hikina a i ka hopu ʻana iā Filyanovka. Ma hope o kēia kaua, ʻo ka lilo o ka hui ʻekolu i 1% o nā mokuʻāina - incl. ʻEwalu pahu pahu i make, ʻeono mau pahu kaʻa Toldi i pōʻino.

Hoʻokomo nā moku Hungarian i kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale o ka USSR; Iulai 1941

ʻO nā hemahema o ka hoʻolālā i loko o ka Toldi i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea i make ma mua o ka hakakā ʻana, a ʻo ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa i ka lā 14 Iulai, me nā mīkini ʻē aʻe, i hoʻoponopono hapa i ka pilikia. Ua hoʻoikaika pū ʻia e hoʻoponopono i nā poho o nā lako. Me kēia pāʻina, ua hoʻouna ʻia nā kaʻa he 14 Toldi II, 9 mau kaʻa kaua Csaba a me 5 L3 / 35 tankettes (ua hōʻea wale ka pāʻina ma ʻOkakopa 7, i ka manawa i kokoke ai ka Rapid corps ma Krivoy Rog ma Ukraine). ʻO ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae maoli ʻo Achilles ka ʻenekini, no laila ma ʻAukake he 57 wale nō mau kaʻa kaʻa Toldi i makaʻala. Ua ulu wikiwiki nā poho, a ʻaʻole mākaukau ka pūʻali Hungarian no kēia. Akā naʻe, ua hoʻomau nā pūʻali Hungarian i ka holomua ma ka hikina, ma muli o ka hoʻomākaukau maikaʻi ʻana.

ʻO nā kaʻa kaua o ka Hungarian Operational Corps ma Ukraine; Iulai 1941

Ma hope iki mai, ua hoʻokau ʻia nā koa o ka 1st Motorized Brigade a me ka 1st Cavalry Brigade i ka haki ʻana i ka laina Stalin. ʻO nā mea hakakā o ka pūʻali kaʻa kaʻa mua ma Dunaevtsy ka mea mua i hoʻouka, a ma ka lā 1 o Iulai ua hiki iā lākou ke uhaki i nā wahi paʻa i ka ʻāina Bar. I loko o kēia mau kaua, a hiki i Iulai 19, ua hōʻino a luku lākou i 22 mau kaʻa Soviet, 21 mau kaʻa kaua a me 16 mau pū. Ua uku nā Hungarians no kēia kūleʻa me nā poho o 12 i make, 26 i ʻeha a 60 nalo, 10 mau kaʻa pale kaua i loaʻa nā pōʻino like ʻole - ʻehiku o nā Toldi 15 i hoʻoponopono ʻia. I ka lā 12 o Iulai, ua luku ʻia e ka 24nd motorized rifle brigade he 2 mau kaʻa kaua kaua, hopu i nā pū 24 a hoʻokuke aku i kahi hoʻouka kaua ikaika o ka Red Army ma ka wahi o Tulchin-Bratslav. No ka manawa mua mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana, ua luku ʻia nā kaʻa kaua kaua Hungarian, nā pūʻali koa ʻelua o nā kaʻa ʻo Toldi a me nā kaʻa kaua kaua Chaba, i ka nui o nā kaʻa kaua kaua kaua, ʻo ka nui o nā kaʻa māmā a me nā kaʻa kaua. Eia naʻe, pono e ʻae ʻia, ua luku ʻia ka hapa nui o lākou e ke ahi anti-tank a anti-aircraft. ʻOiai nā kūleʻa mua, ua paʻa nā pūʻali koa o ka brigade i ka lepo mānoanoa ma ke ala i Gordievka. Eia hou, ua hele ka Red Army i ka counteroffensive. Ua manaʻo ʻia e hāʻawi ʻia ke kākoʻo no Hunegari e nā koa kaua lio Romania mai ka 8rd Cavalry Division, akā ua hoʻi hope lākou ma lalo o ke kaomi ʻana o ka ʻenemi. Ua pilikia nui ka Hungarian 3nd motorized brigade. Ua hoʻouka ka pūʻali koa i kahi hoʻouka kaua ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau, akā ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ka poʻe Soviets. Ma keia kulana, ua hoouna aku ka luna koa o ka pualikoa wikiwiki i ka 2 bataliona o ka 11st motorided brigade brigade a me ka 1st armored cavalry brigade e kokua mai, e ku ana ma hope e uhi i ka 1nd motorized rifle brigade. I ka hopena, ma ka lā 1 o Iulai, ua hoʻokō ka poʻe Hungarian e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wahi o nā pūʻali ʻenemi. Ua kūleʻa ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana, akā ʻaʻole i hui pū ʻia, me ke kākoʻo ʻole o ka pū a me ke ea. ʻO ka hopena, ua loaʻa i nā Hungarians nā poho nui.

Ma kahi ma hope o ka Eastern Front i ke kauwela o 1941: he tractor KV-40 a me kahi kaʻa kaua "Chaba".

I ka wā o ka hakakā ʻana, ua nalowale nā ​​pahu he 18 L3 / 35 mai ka 1st Cavalry Brigade. I ka hopena, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻihoʻi i kēia ʻano mea hana mai ka laina mua. Ma hope mai ua hoʻohana ʻia nā pahu pahu no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā mākaʻi a me nā pūʻali koa gendarmerie, a i ka makahiki 1942 ua kūʻai ʻia kekahi o lākou i ka pūʻali koa Croatian. I ka hopena o ka mahina, ua hoʻemi ʻia nā kūlana kaua o nā pūʻali pahu pahu i ka nui o kahi hui. ʻO ka 2nd brigade kaʻa wale nō i nalowale he 22 i make, 29 i ʻeha, 104 nalowale a me 301 mau pahu i luku ʻia a i hōʻino ʻia ma waena o 10 a me 32 Iulai. I loko o nā kaua no Gordievka, ua loa'a i nā pū'ali koa o nā pū'ali koa i nā poho ko'iko'i - 'elima mau luna i make (mai ka 'ewalu o ka po'e i make i ke kaua Lūkini o 1941). ʻO nā kaua ikaika no Gordievka ua ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua pepehi ʻia ʻo Lieutenant Ferenc Antalfi mai ka pūʻali pahu pahu 11 ma ke kaua lima a me ka lima. Ua make pū ʻo ia, a me kekahi ʻē aʻe ʻo Lutanela ʻElua András Sötöri a me Lutanela Alfred Söke.

Ma ʻAukake 5, 1941, ua loaʻa i nā Hungarians he 43 mau pahu kaʻa Toldi mākaukau kaua, 14 hou i huki ʻia ma nā kaʻa kaʻa, 14 i loko o nā hale kūʻai hoʻoponopono, a he 24 i luku loa ʻia. ʻO nā kaʻa kāhiko Csaba he 57, he 20 wale nō i hana, 13 i hoʻoponopono ʻia, a he 20 i hoʻihoʻi ʻia i Polani no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana. ʻEhā wale nō kaʻa Csaba i luku loa ʻia. Ma ke kakahiaka o ʻAukake 6, ma ka hema o Umaniya, ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻelua mau kaʻa kaua Chaba mai ka 1st Cavalry Brigade no ka ʻike ʻana ma ka wahi o Golovanevsk. ʻO ka mākaʻi like ma lalo o ke kauoha a Laszlo Meres e aʻo i ke kūlana ma ia wahi. Ua ʻike ke kauoha a ka High-Speed ​​​​Corps he nui nā pūʻali koa Soviet e hoʻāʻo nei e wāwahi i ka hoʻopuni ʻana ma ia wahi. Ma ke ala e hiki aku ai i Golovanevsk, ua ku'i na kaa kaua me na puali kaua lio elua, aole nae i ike na aoao elua.

Hāʻawi ʻia i ka home o nā kaʻa māmā Toldi hou (ma ke alo) a me nā kaʻa kaua Csaba no nā pono o ka laina mua; 1941

I ka wā mua, ua manaʻo ka poʻe Hungarian he poʻe koa lio Romania kēia, a ʻaʻole ʻike nā koa lio i ke ʻano o ke kaʻa kaua. Ma kahi kokoke wale nō i lohe ai nā poʻe o nā kaʻa Hungarian i ka ʻōlelo Lūkini a ua ʻike ʻia nā hōkū ʻulaʻula ma ko lākou mau pāpale. Ua wehe koke ʻo Chaba i ke ahi ikaika. He liʻiliʻi wale nō ka poʻe koa lio mai ʻelua mau pūʻali koa Cossack i ola. ʻO nā kaʻa kaua ʻelua, lawe pū me ʻelua mau pio o ke kaua, hele i kahi kokoke loa, ʻo ia kahi kolamu hoʻolako Kelemania. Ua waiho ʻia nā paʻahao ma laila a hiki i ka nīnau ʻana. Ua maopopo he pololei ka manaʻo ʻana he nui aʻe nā pūʻali Soviet i makemake e uhaki ma kahi hoʻokahi kahi i paʻi ai ka mākaʻi Hungarian i nā hoʻoholo lio.

Ua hoʻi ka poʻe Hungarian i kahi hoʻokahi. Eia hou, ua loaʻa iā Horus Meresh a me kāna mau ʻāpana he 20 mau kaʻa me nā koa Red Army. Mai kahi mamao o 30-40 m, ua wehe nā Hungarians i ke ahi. Ua pau ka kaa mua i ke ahi i ka auwai. Ua haohao loa ia ke kolamu enemi. Ua hoʻopau loa ka mākaʻikaʻi Hungarian i ke kolamu holoʻokoʻa, me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā pohō ʻeha i nā koa ʻulaʻula e neʻe ana ma laila. ʻO ka poʻe i pakele i ke ahi make a me nā pūʻali koa ʻulaʻula ʻē aʻe, e neʻe mai ana mai ka ʻaoʻao like me ka hoʻomau ʻana o ke kaua, ua hoʻāʻo e uhaʻi hou aku ma ke alanui nui, akā ua pale ʻia lākou e nā kaʻa kaua Hungarian ʻelua. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua ʻike ʻia ʻelua mau kaʻa ʻenemi ma ke alanui, ʻo ia paha nā T-26. Ua hoʻololi nā pūʻali o nā kaʻa Hungarian ʻelua i nā mea kaua a hoʻololi i ka pūkuniahi 20-mm e kī aku i nā kaʻa pale kaua. ʻAʻole like ke kaua, akā ma hope o nā hahau ʻana he nui, ua holo kekahi o nā kaʻa Soviet mai ke alanui, a ua haʻalele ka poʻe holo moku a holo. Ua helu ʻia ke kaʻa i luku ʻia ma ka moʻolelo o Corporal Meresh. I loko o kēia pānaʻi ʻana o ke ahi, ua pōʻino kāna kaʻa, a ʻo kahi ʻāpana o ka pahu pahu i kī ʻia mai kahi pūkuniahi 45-mm T-26 i hōʻeha i kahi ohua e kūlou ana ma ke poʻo. Ua hoʻoholo ke kāpena e hoʻi hope, e lawe i ka poʻe ʻeha i ka haukapila. ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ua hoʻi hope ka lua Soviet tank.

ʻO nā moku Hungarian "Toldi" ma USSR; kauwela 1941

Ua noho ka lua o ka Chaba ma ke kahua kaua a hoomau i ke ki ana i na koa o ka Puali Ulaula e hoea mai ana, me ka pale ana aku i kekahi o ka lakou mau hoouka kaua wiwo ole, a hiki i ka wa i hookokoke mai ai ka pualikoa Hungarian. I kēlā lā, i loko o ke kaua ʻekolu hola, ua kī nā pūʻali koa o nā kaʻa kaua ʻelua Csaba i ka huina o 12 000mm pōʻai a me 8 720mm pōʻai. Ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ʻo Ensign Meres i ke kūlana o ka lieutenant junior a hāʻawi ʻia i ka Medal Luna gula no ka wiwo ʻole. ʻO ia ke kolu o ka luna o ka pūʻali koa Hungarian i loaʻa kēia hanohano kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka luna kaʻa ʻelua o Chaba, ʻo Sgt. Ua loaʻa ʻo Laszlo Chernitsky i ka Medal Kālā Nui no ke koa.

Mai ka makahiki ʻelua o Iulai 1941, ʻo nā mea hakakā wale nō o ka High-Speed ​​​​Corps i hakakā ma mua. I ke komo ʻana i loko o ka USSR, ua hoʻomohala nā alakaʻi Hungarian i kahi hana kaua hou, i kōkua maikaʻi iā lākou e hakakā i ka ʻenemi. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe ma nā alanui nui. Ua hele nā ​​pūʻali koa kaʻa ma nā ala like ʻole, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā koa lio ma waena o lākou. ʻO ka pahu mua a ka brigade he pūʻali koa ʻike, i hoʻoikaika ʻia e kahi platoon o nā kaʻa māmā a me nā pū anti-aircraft 40 mm, i kākoʻo ʻia e kahi platoon o nā sappers, nā mea hoʻokele kaʻa, nā pākahi kī a me kahi hui pū. ʻO ka lua o ka hoʻolei ʻana he pūʻali koa raifela; i ke kolu wale no ka nee ana o na pualikoa nui o ka puali.

Ua hakakā nā ʻāpana o ka Fast Corps ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka mua mai Nikolaevka ma Isyum a hiki i ka muliwai Donetsk. I ka pau ʻana o Kepakemapa 1941, hoʻokahi wale nō hui pahu Toldi i kēlā me kēia pūʻali koa, 35-40 mau kaʻa. No laila, ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā kaʻa lawelawe āpau i hoʻokahi pūʻali koa kaua, i hana ʻia ma ke kumu o ka pūʻali koa kaua lio mua. ʻO nā ʻāpana o nā pūʻali kaʻa e hoʻololi ʻia i mau pūʻulu kaua. Ma ka lā 1 o Nowemapa, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ke kino kaʻa kaʻa i Hungary, kahi i hōʻea ai i Ianuali 15, 5. No ke komo ʻana i ka Operation Barbarossa, ua uku ka poʻe Hungarian me nā pohō o 1942 poʻe, nā tankettes L4400 āpau a me 3% o nā pahu kaʻa Toldi, mai 80 i komo i ka hoʻouka kaua Lūkini o 95: 1941 mau kaʻa i luku ʻia i nā kaua, a ʻo 25 ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia. i ka hemahema. Ma hope o ka manawa, hoʻihoʻi ʻia lākou a pau i ka lawelawe. ʻO ka hopena, ma Ianuali 62, ʻo ka pūʻali koa kaua lio 1942 wale nō ka nui o nā kaʻa kaʻa (ʻumikūmākahi).

ʻO nā hana maikaʻi loa, nā mea hana hou a me ka hoʻonohonoho hou

I ka pau ʻana o ka makahiki 1941, ua ʻike ʻia he mea liʻiliʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka pahu Toldi ma ke kahua kaua, koe wale nō paha no nā mikiona ʻike. He lahilahi loa ka pale kaua a ʻo nā mea kaua anti-tank a nā ʻenemi, me ka pu panapana anti-tank 14,5 mm, hiki iā ia ke lawe iā ia mai ke kaua ʻana, a ʻaʻole lawa kāna mau mea kaua e kūʻē i nā kaʻa pale kaua. Ma kēia kūlana, pono ka pūʻali Hungarian i kahi pahu kaʻa waena hou. Ua manaʻo ʻia e hana i kahi kaʻa ʻo Toldi III, me nā mea kaua 40 mm a me kahi pū anti-tank 40 mm. Eia naʻe, ua lohi ka hana hou ʻana a ma 12 wale nō 1943 i hāʻawi ʻia nā pahu hou! I kēlā manawa, ua kūkulu hou ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka Toldi II i ke kūlana Toldi IIa - ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi pū 40 mm a ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ka mea kaua me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā pā kaua.

Ke kali nei nā pahu i luku ʻia a pohō o ka Fast Corps e hoʻouna ʻia i nā hale hana hoʻoponopono o ka ʻāina; 1941

ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka pū hoʻokele ponoʻī 40M Nimrod i hoʻonui i ka mana ahi o nā pūʻali koa Hungarian. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia hoʻolālā ma luna o kahi chassis i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pahu L-60, ka Landsverk L-62. Ua kau ʻia kahi pū anti-aircraft 40-mm Bofors, i hana ʻia ma Hungary, ma luna o ke kahua kaua. Ua kauoha ka Army i kahi prototype i ka makahiki 1938. Ma hope o ka ho'āʻo a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi, incl. he hull nui aʻe me ka lawa o nā pū, ua kauoha ʻia ma ʻOkakopa 1941 no 26 Nimrod mau pū hoʻokele ponoʻī. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻololi iā lākou i mea luku pahu, me kahi hana lua o ka mālama ʻana i ka pale ea. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kauoha a ma 1944 135 mau pū Nimrod i hana ʻia.

Ua haʻalele nā ​​pū mua 46 Nimrod i ka hale hana MAVAG i ka makahiki 1940. Ua kauoha ʻia he 89 hou i ka makahiki 1941. Ua loaʻa i ka pūʻulu mua nā ʻenekini Büssing Kelemania, ʻo ka lua i loaʻa i nā mana i hana ʻia e Hungarian ma ka hale kanu Ganz. ʻElua mau mana ʻē aʻe o ka pū Nimrod i hoʻomākaukau ʻia: Lehel S - kaʻa lapaʻau a me Lehel Á - mīkini no nā sappers. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou i hele i ka hana.

Ua kūkulu ʻia kahi tank medium no ka pūʻali Hungarian mai 1939. I kēlā manawa, ua noi ʻia ʻelua mau hui Czech, CKD (Ceskomoravska Kolben Danek, Prague) a me Skoda e hoʻomākaukau i kahi kumu hoʻohālike kūpono. Ua koho ka pūʻali koa Czechoslovak i ka papahana CKD V-8-H, i loaʻa i ka inoa ST-39, akā ua hoʻopau ka hana Kelemania i kēia papahana. Ua hōʻike ʻo Skoda i ka papahana o ka tank S-IIa (ma ka S-IIc version no nā Hungarians), i loaʻa iā ia ka inoa ʻo T-21, a ma ka hopena hope loa - T-22. I ʻAukake 1940, ua koho ka pūʻali koa Hungarian i kahi mana i hoʻololi ʻia o ka T-22 me kahi hui o ʻekolu a me kahi mīkini me ka mana kiʻekiʻe o 260 hp. (na Weiss Manfred). ʻO ka mana kumu o ke kumu hoʻohālike hou o ka pahu Hungarian i koho ʻia ʻo 40M Turan I. Ua loaʻa iā Hungary kahi laikini e hana i ka Czech A17 40mm anti-tank gun, akā ua hoʻololi ʻia ia no nā pu no nā pū Bofors 40mm, ʻoiai ua hana ʻia lākou ma Hunakalia.

Hoʻoponopono i ka pahu Hungarian PzKpfw 38 (t) o ka squadron 1 o ka 1st armored division; kauwela 1942

Ua mākaukau ka pahu prototype "Turan" i ʻAukake 1941. He hoʻolālā maʻamau ʻEulopa ia o nā makahiki 30 i hala ma ke ʻano o ka mea kaua a me ke ahi. ʻO ka mea pōʻino no nā Hungarians, i ka wā i komo ai ka pahu i ke kaua ma Ukraine a hohonu i ka USSR, ua haʻahaʻa loa ia i nā kaʻa kaua ʻenemi, ʻo ia hoʻi nā tank T-34 a me KW. Eia naʻe, i ka manawa like, ma hope o nā hoʻololi liʻiliʻi, hoʻomaka ka hana serial o Turan I, i māhele ʻia ma waena o nā hale hana Weiss Manfred, Ganz, MVG (Györ) a me MAVAG. ʻO ke kauoha mua no 190 mau pahu, a laila ma Nowemapa 1941 ua hoʻonui ʻia ko lākou helu i 230, a ma 1942 i 254. Ma ka makahiki 1944, ua hana ʻia nā pahu Turan 285. ʻO ka ʻike kaua o ka Hikina Hikina i hōʻike koke ʻia ʻaʻole lawa ka pū 40-mm, no laila ua hoʻolako hou ʻia nā pahu Turan me kahi pū pōkole 75-mm, ua hoʻomaka koke ka hana i ka makahiki 1941. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kaʻa i hoʻopau ʻia i hoʻolako ʻia me kēia i ka makahiki 1942. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka pūʻali koa Hungarian i ka pū o ka ʻoi aku ka nui, ua helu ʻia kēia mau pahu he kaumaha. Ua lilo koke lākou i ʻāpana o ka 1st and 2nd Panzer Divisions a me ka 1st Cavalry Division (1942-1943). He mau hoʻololi ʻē aʻe kēia kaʻa.

Hungarian PzKpfw IV Ausf. F1 (ua hōʻike ʻia kēia mana i kahi pū pōkole 75 mm) e kiʻi i ka Don; kauwela 1942

ʻO kekahi o nā mea kaulana loa ʻo 41M Turan II. ʻO kēia pahu i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka Hungarian analogue o ka German PzKpfw III a me PzKpfw IV. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka pū 41 mm M75 e MAVAG e pili ana i ka pū kī 18 mm 76,5M Bohler, akā ua hoʻoponopono ʻia kona caliber a hoʻololi ʻia no ka kau ʻana ma kahi pahu. ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hana hou a pau i ka makahiki 1941, ua hōʻea nā pūʻulu mua o nā pahu Turan II i nā ʻāpana wale nō i Mei 1943. ʻO kēia kaʻa he 322 ʻāpana. Eia nō naʻe, a hiki i ka makahiki 139, ʻo 1944 Turan II wale nō i hana ʻia.

ʻO nā ʻike ʻeha o nā mahina mua o ka hakakā ʻana ma mua i alakaʻi ʻia i nā loli i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā tank Toldi. 80 mau laʻana (40 Toldi I: H-341 a i H-380; 40 Toldi II: H-451 a i H-490) i kūkulu hou ʻia ma Gantz. Ua lako lākou me kahi pūkuniahi 25mm L/40 (like me ka papahana Straussler V-4). Ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā pahu Turan I me ka pūkuniahi 42mm MAVAG 40M, he ʻano pōkole ia o ka pūkuniahi 41mm 51M L/40. Ua hoʻohana lākou i nā pū no nā pū anti-aircraft Bofors i hoʻohana ʻia i nā pū hoʻokele ponoʻī ʻo Nimrod. I ka hopena o 1942, ua hoʻoholo ka hale hana Ganz e kūkulu i kahi mana hou o ka pahu Toldi me nā mea kaua mānoanoa a me kahi pū 42mm 40M mai nā pahu Toldi II. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻoholo i hoʻoholo ʻia ma ʻApelila 1943 e hana i nā pū pana ponoʻī iā Turan II a me Zriny i alakaʻi ʻia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he ʻumi wale nō Toldi III i hana ʻia ma waena o 1943 a me 1944 (mai H-491 a i H-502). I ka makahiki 1943, ua hoʻololi nā hale hana like ʻo Gantz i ʻeiwa ʻo Toldi Is i mau kaʻa halihali infantry. ʻAʻole i kūleʻa maikaʻi kēia kaʻina hana, no laila ua kūkulu hou ʻia kēia mau kaʻa, i kēia manawa i loko o nā ambulances pale kaua (me H-318, 347, 356 a me 358). Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o nā kaʻa Toldi ma o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hana i nā mea luku pahu mai loko mai o lākou. Ua mālama ʻia kēia mau hanana i ka makahiki 1943-1944. No kēia, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā pū 40-mm Pak 75 German, e uhi ana i nā pā kaua mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu. Akā naʻe, ua haʻalele ʻia kēia manaʻo.

Węgierska 1. Ne'e 'o DPanc i ka hikina (1942-1943)

Ua hauʻoli ka poʻe Kelemania i ka waiwai kaua o nā moku Hungarian a mahalo nui i ka hui pū ʻana me nā luna a me nā koa o ka pūʻali wikiwiki. No laila, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha ma adm. Ua kauoha ʻo Horta a me ka Hungarian e hoʻouna i mua i kahi pūʻali koa i hoʻihoʻi ʻia mai ka Rapid Corps, kahi i hana mua ai nā Kelemania. ʻOiai e hoʻomaka ana ka hana ma kahi tank medium hou, ua hoʻolālā ke kauoha e hoʻokō i kahi hoʻolālā e hoʻonohonoho hou i ka pūʻali Hungarian i mea e hoʻololi maikaʻi ai i nā koi o ka Eastern Front. Ua kāhea ka hoʻolālā Hub II no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ʻelua mau pūʻali koa e pili ana i nā brigades kaʻa e kū nei. Ma muli o ka lohi o ka hana ʻana o nā kaʻa, ua ʻike ke kauoha ua koi ʻia lākou e hoʻohana i nā kaʻa kaua haole e hoʻokō i nā kumu nui o ka hoʻolālā ma 1942. Ua nele nae na dala, nolaila, ua hooholoia e kukuluia ka 1st Panzer Division me ka hoohana ana i na kaa mai Kelemania a me ka 2nd Panzer Division e hoohana ana i na kaa Hungarian (Turan) i ka wa e loaa ai ko lakou mau helu.

Ua kūʻai aku ka poʻe Kelemania i 102 mau pahu kukui PzKpfw iā Hungary. 38(t) ma nā mana ʻelua: F a me G (ʻike ʻia ʻo T-38 ma ka lawelawe Hungarian). Hāʻawi ʻia lākou mai Nowemapa 1941 a Malaki 1942. Ua hāʻawi pū nā Kelemania i 22 PzKpfw. IV D a me F1 me 75 mm pu pu pōkole (mau pahu kaumaha). Eia hou, ua hāʻawi ʻia nā pahu kauoha 8 PzBefWg I. I ka puna o 1942, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka 1st Panzer Division ma ke kumu o ka 1st Motorized Brigade. Ua mākaukau ka māhele no ke kaua ma Malaki 24, 1942, i manaʻo ʻia no ka Hikina Hikina. Ua lako ka mahele me 89 PzKpfw 38(t) a me 22 PzKpfw IV F1. Ua uku nā Hungarians i 80 miliona pengő no kēia mau kaʻa. Ua aʻo pū nā Allies i nā limahana o ka māhele ma ke Kula Koa ma Wünsdorf. Ua komo nā kaʻa hou i ka lawelawe me ka 30th Tank Regiment hou. ʻO kēlā me kēia o kāna mau pūʻali koa ʻelua i loaʻa i ʻelua hui o nā kaʻa kaʻa me nā pahu Toldi (1, 2, 4 a me 5) a me kahi hui o nā pahu kaumaha (3 a me 6), i lako me nā kaʻa "Turan". Ua lako ka 1st reconnaissance battalion me 14 Toldi tanks and Chaba armored vehicles, a me ka 51st tank destroyer division (51st motorized armored artillery division) i lako me 18 Nimrod self-propelled guns a me 5 Toldi tanks. Ma kahi o ka High-Speed ​​​​Corps, ma ʻOkakopa 1, 1942, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka 1st Tank Corps, nona nā māhele ʻekolu; ʻO ka 1 a me ka 2 Panzer Division, ua holo piha a pili pū ʻia i ke kino o ka 1st Cavalry Division (mai Sepatemaba 1944 - ka 1st Hussar Division), i komo pū me kahi pūʻali tank o ʻehā hui. ʻAʻole i hana ka Corps ma ke ʻano he hoʻokumu paʻa.

PzKpfw 38(t) - kiʻi i paʻi ʻia i ka pūnāwai o 1942, ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻia ʻana o ka pahu i ka Hikina Hikina.

Ua haʻalele ka Māhele Panzer 1 mai Hunegaria i ka lā 19 o Iune, 1942 a ua hoʻokau ʻia ma lalo o ka pūʻali koa Hungarian 2 ma ka Hikina Hikina, a ua komo pū ʻia ʻeiwa mau pūʻali koa. ʻElua mau pūʻali koa kaua ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā hui tank 101 a me 102nd, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia i mua, i kākoʻo i nā hana anti-partisan o nā hui Hungarian ma Ukraine. ʻO ka mea mua i hoʻolako ʻia me nā pahu Farani: 15 Hotchkiss H-35 a me H39 a me ʻelua mau luna Somua S-35, ʻo ka lua - me nā pahu kukui Hungarian a me nā kaʻa kaua.

Aia nā ʻāpana Hungarian ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o nā Kelemania e neʻe ana ma Stalingrad. Ua hoʻomaka ka 1st Panzer Division i kona ala kaua me nā ʻano hakakā me ka Red Army ma ka Don ma Iulai 18, 1942 kokoke i Uriv. Ua hakakā ka Hungarian 5th Light Division i nā mea o ka 24th Panzer Corps, kahi i mālama ʻia i ka pale ʻana i ka wāwae hema ma ka Don. I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā pahu ʻekolu ʻekolu o Toldi i Hungary. Ua komo nā moku moku Hungarian i ke kaua i ka wanaʻao o Iulai 18. He mau minuke ma hope iho o ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua luku ʻo Lutanela Albert Kovacs, ka luna platoon o ka hui ʻekolu o nā pahu kaʻa kaumaha, ʻo Kāpena V. Laszlo Maclarego i luku i ka T-3. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kaua me ka ikaika, ua hāʻule kekahi T-34 i ka poʻe Hungarians. Ua ʻike koke ʻia ʻo nā pahu kukui M34 Stuart (mai nā lako hoʻolimalima hoʻolimalima ʻo ʻAmelika) he mau pahuhopu maʻalahi loa.

Ua kākau ʻo Ensign Janos Vercheg, he mea kākau moʻolelo kaua i loko o ka poʻe holo moku o ka PzKpfw 38 (t), ma hope o ke kaua: ... ua ʻike ʻia kahi pahu Soviet i mua o mākou ... He pahu kaʻa waena [M3 he māmā. tank, akā e like me nā kūlana o ka pūʻali Hungarian ua helu ʻia ʻo ia he tank medium - approx. ed.] a kī ʻelua mau pū i ko mākou ala. ʻAʻohe o lākou i hahau iā mākou, ua ola nō mākou! Ua loaʻa iā ia kā mākou pana lua!

ʻO nā pahu kaʻa kaʻa "Toldi" ma ke ala ma nā Carpathians a hiki i ka Hikina Hikina.

Pono wau e ʻae he mea ʻino loa ka hakakā ponoʻī. Ua loaʻa i nā Hungarians ka lanakila ma ke kahua kaua, a ua pale pū lākou i ka haʻalele ʻana o nā kaʻa Soviet i ka nahele. I ka wā o ke kaua ʻo Uriv, ua luku ka mahele i 21 mau kaʻa ʻenemi me ka pohō ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi nā T-26 a me M3 Stuarts, a me kekahi mau T-34. Ua hoʻohui ka poʻe Hungarian i ʻehā mau pahu M3 Stuart i hopu ʻia i ko lākou mau ʻauwaʻa.

ʻO ka hui mua ʻana me kahi pūʻali koa Soviet i hoʻomaopopo i ka poʻe Hungarians ʻaʻole pono loa nā pū 37 mm PzKpfw 38(t) i nā kaʻa ʻenemi (T-34) a me ke kaumaha (KW). ʻO ia ka mea i hana ʻia me nā pūʻali infantry, ka mea pale ʻole i nā kaʻa kaʻa ʻenemi ma muli o ka palena palena i loaʻa - he pū anti-tank 40-mm. He ʻumikūmālua o nā kaʻa ʻenemi i kikeke ʻia ma kēia kaua i lilo i mau pōʻino o ka PzKpfw IV. ʻO ke kāpena o ke kaua. ʻO Jozsef Henkey-Hoenig o ka Hui ʻEkolu o ka pūʻali koa 3st Tank Destroyer Battalion, nona nā pūʻali i luku i ʻeono mau pahu ʻenemi. Ua huli ke kauoha a ka 51nd Army i Budapest me ka noi wikiwiki e hoʻouna i nā kaʻa kūpono a me nā mea kaua anti-tank. I Kepakemapa 2, ua hoʻouna ʻia he 1942 PzKpfw III, 10 PzKpfw IV F10 a me ʻelima mau pahu pahu pahu Marder III mai Kelemania. I kēlā manawa, ua piʻi aʻe nā poho o ka māhele i 2 PzKpfw 48(t) a me 38 PzKpfw IV F14.

I loko o nā kaua kau wela, ʻo Lieutenant Sandor Horvat kekahi o nā koa wiwo ʻole mai ka 35th Infantry Regiment, nāna i hoʻopau i nā pahu T-12 a me T-1941 me nā mines magnetic ma Iulai 34, 60. ʻEhā manawa i ʻeha ʻia ka luna hoʻokahi i ka makahiki 1942-43. a ua loaʻa iā ia ka Medal Gula no ka wiwo ʻole. Ua kākoʻo nui nā pūʻali koa hele wāwae, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kaʻa i ka hoʻouka kaua hope ʻana o ka pūʻali koa 1st Armoured Battalion a me ka hui 3 o ka 51st Tank Destroyer Battalion. I ka hopena, ʻo ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ka māhele kaua Hungarian i koi aku i ka 4th Guards Tank Brigade a me ka 54th Tank Brigade e haʻalele i ke alahaka a hoʻi i ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Don. ʻO ka 130 tank brigade wale nō i koe ma ke alahaka - ma ka māhele Uriv. Ua haʻalele nā ​​pūʻali koa i hoʻi i hope i nā kaʻa kaua a me nā pūʻali koa raifela ma ke alahaka.

Ke koena o na moku kaua Hungarian ma ke kulanakauhale o Kolbino; ka hopena o ke kauwela 1942

Ua hoʻomaka ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā poho Soviet, a ua maʻalahi ka hakakā ʻana no ka poʻe Hungarians i ka wā i hui pū ʻia ai lākou e nā pahu kaʻa PzKpfw IV F1 a me Nimrod mau pū. Ua pau ka hana luku. Ua pale pono kā lākou ahi i ka hoʻi hope ʻana o ka Pūʻali ʻulaʻula ma o ke alahaka. Ua luku ʻia kekahi mau ferry a me nā waʻa. Ua luku ʻo Ensign Lajos Hegedyush, he luna koa o ka hui o nā kaʻa kaʻa kaumaha, i ʻelua mau kaʻa māmā Soviet, aia ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka Don. I kēia manawa, ua liʻiliʻi ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o Hungarian, me ʻelua mau pahu PzKpfw 38(t) wale nō i pōʻino. ʻO ke kaʻa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaʻa i kauoha ʻia e ke kino kino. ʻO Janos Rosik mai ka hui tank 3rd, nona nā hui i luku i ʻehā mau kaʻa kaua kaua.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻAukake 1942, ua hoʻāʻo ka Soviet 6th Army e hana a hoʻonui i nā alahaka e like me ka hiki ma ke kapa komohana o Don. Aia nā mea nui ʻelua ma kahi kokoke i Uriva a me Korotoyak. ʻAʻole i hoʻomaopopo ke kauoha a ka pūʻali koa ʻelua, ʻo ka hahau nui ʻana i Uryv, ʻaʻole i Korotoyak, kahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ka hapa nui o ka 2st Panzer Division, koe naʻe ka pūʻali koa kiʻi i hoʻouna ʻia i Uryv.

ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua, i hoʻomaka i ka lā 10 o ʻAukake, ua hoʻomaka maikaʻi loa ia no nā Hungarians. Ua puhi kuhi hewa ʻia nā pūʻali koa o ka 23rd Infantry Regiment o ka 20th Light Division, i hoʻomaka e neʻe ma luna o Storozhevoye ma ka ʻaoʻao hema. ʻO ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o kekahi o nā bataliona. Ua hooki ʻia ka hoʻouka kaua mua ma nā kūlana pale i mākaukau maikaʻi ʻia o ka 53rd wahi paʻa o ka PC. A.G. Daskevich a he hapa o ka 25th Guards Rifle Division Colonel. PM Safarenko. Ua hui pū nā Tankers o ka pūʻali koa kaua me ka ikaika a paʻa i ke kūʻē mai ka Soviet 1th anti-tank artillery group. Eia kekahi, ua aʻo ʻia nā hui infantry kūikawā i ka luku ʻana i nā kaʻa kaua kaua e kali ana i nā kaʻa Hungarian. Ua hoʻohana pinepine ka poʻe kaʻa kaʻa i nā pū mīkini a me nā grenades lima, a i kekahi mau manawa ke kī pū kekahi i kekahi me nā pū mīkini i mea e hoʻopau ai i nā mea kaua o ka Red Army. ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana a me ke kaua holoʻokoʻa i lilo i hāʻule nui.

ʻO nā pū hoʻoneʻe ponoʻī ʻo Nimrod o ka 51st Tank Destroyer Battalion, 1942

Ua paʻi kekahi o nā kaʻa i kahi lua ma kahi kokoke i Korotoyak a pau i ke ahi me ka poʻe holoʻokoʻa. Ua loaʻa i ka pūʻali koa Hungarian nā pohō nui ma muli o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ka Soviet a me nā mokulele bomber; ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ea. Ua kākau ʻo Lutanela Kauka Istvan Simon: “He lā weliweli loa ia. ʻO ka poʻe i hele ʻole ma laila, ʻaʻole lākou e manaʻoʻiʻo a ʻaʻole hiki ke manaʻoʻiʻo. Ua make ʻo Kāpena Topai [Kapena Pal Topai, ka luna o ka hui pahu pahu 2nd - approx. ed.]. ... E hoʻomanaʻo wau i ke kaua ʻelua no Uryv-Storozhevo.

I kekahi lā aʻe, ʻAukake 11, ua hoʻouka ʻia nā hoʻouka kaua hou ma ka ʻāina ʻo Krotoyak, i ke kakahiaka nui ua makaʻala ʻia ka pūʻali pahu pahu 2 a hoʻokau i nā pohō nui i ka pūʻali koa ʻulaʻula. ʻAʻole nui nā poho ma ka ʻaoʻao Hungarian. ʻO ke koena o ka Mahele Panzer 1 i hakakā ma Korotoyak me ka German 687th Infantry Regiment o ka 336th Infantry Division ma lalo o General Walter Lucht.

pahu Hungarian PzKpfw IV Ausf. F2 (ua hōʻike ʻia kēia mana i kahi pū 75 mm lōʻihi) mai ka 30th Tank Regiment, ʻo ka makahiki 1942.

Ua hoʻouka ʻia ka pūʻali koa ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻāina ʻo Krotoyak ma ʻAukake 15, 1941. I loko o ka manawa pōkole loa, ua paʻa nā pūʻali Hungarian a pau i ka pale ʻana i nā hoʻouka kaua ʻana. I ka lā mua wale nō, ua luku ʻia nā moku he 10 Soviet, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo M3 Stuart a me T-60. ʻO ka PzKpfw IV F1 o Lajos Hegedus, nāna i luku i ʻehā mau M3 Stuarts, ua paʻi ʻia e kahi mine a me kekahi mau kī pololei. Ua make ke kalaiwa a me ka lekiō. I loko o kēia mau kaua, ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau hemahema i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka pūʻali koa Hungarian. I ka pau ana o ka la, ua hoike aku ka luna koa o ka 687 Infantry Regiment, Lutanela Konela Robert Brinkmann, i ka luna o ka 1st Armored Division, General Lajos Veres, i ka hiki ole i na koa Hungaria o kona mahele ke hookumu i ka launa pu me kona regiment ma. ka mea pale. a me ka hoouka kaua.

Ua hoʻomau ka hakakā ʻana i ka lā a pau. Ua luku ʻia e nā kaʻa kaʻa Hungarian ʻelua mau kaʻa ʻenemi, akā ua loaʻa i nā pohō nui. Ua make kekahi luna akamai loa, ka luna o ka hui ʻelua, ʻo Lutanela Jozsef Partos. ʻO kāna PzKpfw 2(t) he manawa liʻiliʻi loa ia e kūʻē i ka T-38. Ua luku hewa ʻia ʻelua Hungarian PzKpfw 34(t) i loko o ka wela o ke kaua e nā poʻe koa Kelemania mai ka 38th Infantry Regiment. Ua hoʻomau ʻia ke kaua ma Krotoyak no kekahi mau lā me ka ikaika like ʻole. ʻO ka Hungarian 687st Armored Division i ka lā 1 o ʻAukake, 18, ua helu ʻia kona mau poho, ʻo ia ka nui o 1942 i make, 410 i nalowale a 32 i ʻeha. Ma hope o ke kaua, ua loaʻa i ka 1289th Tank Regiment he 30 PzKpfw 55(t) a me 38 PzKpfw IV F15 i ka mākaukau hakakā piha. Aia kekahi 1 pahu i loko o nā hale kūʻai hoʻoponopono. I nā lā aʻe, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka Māhele 35th Light a me ka Division Panzer 12 mai Korotoyak. Ua lawe ʻia ko lākou wahi e ka German 1th Infantry Division, nāna i hoʻopau i ke alahaka Soviet i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Kepakemapa 336. Ma kēia hana, ua kākoʻo ʻia ʻo ia e ka 1942st assault gun battalion o Major Heinz Hoffmann a me ka mokulele Hungarian. Uaʻike ka poʻe Sovietsʻaʻole i lawa nā pūʻali e hoʻopaʻa i nā alahakaʻelua, a ua hoʻoholo lākou e noʻonoʻo i ka mea nui loa no lākou -ʻo Uryva.

Ua luku loa ia PzKpfw IV Ausf. F1 Kapena Rasik; Ka Hale kiaʻi, 1942

Ua hoʻomaha nā ʻāpana o ka 1st Panzer Division, hoʻopiha ʻia me nā limahana a me nā lako. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā pahu kaʻa i hoʻi mai nā hale hana i nā ʻāpana laina. I ka hopena o ʻAukake, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā pahu hoʻohana i 5 Toldi, 85 PzKpfw 38(t) a me 22 PzKpfw IV F1. E hele mai ana nā mea hoʻoikaika, e like me ʻehā mau pahu PzKpfw IV F2 me kahi pū 75 mm lōʻihi. ʻO ka mea mahalo, ma ka hopena o ʻAukake 1942, ua pana ʻia nā ʻōnaehana pale ea o ka moku kaua Hungarian i 63 mau mokulele ʻenemi. ʻO kēia mau mea, ʻo ka Nimrod mau pū hoʻokele ponoʻī mai ka 51st tank destroyer battalion i kākau inoa ʻia he 40 (38?)

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Kepakemapa 1942, ua mākaukau nā koa Hungarian no ke kolu o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻopau i ke alahaka ʻo Urivo-Storozhevsky. Pono nā tanker e hoʻokani i ke kuleana nui ma kēia hana. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka hoʻolālā e General Willibald Freiherr von Langermann a me Erlenkamp, ​​ka luna o ka XXIV Panzer Corps. Wahi a ka hoʻolālā, ʻo ka hoʻouka kaua nui e kuhikuhi ʻia ma Storozhevoye ma ka ʻaoʻao hema, a ma hope o kona hopu ʻia ʻana, ʻo ka 1st Panzer Division e hoʻouka i ka ululāʻau o Ottisia e luku i ke koena o nā pūʻali Soviet mai ka hope. A laila e hoʻopau pololei ʻia nā pūʻali ʻenemi ma ke alahaka. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole i noʻonoʻo ka General German i nā manaʻo o nā luna Hungarian, ka mea i hakakā ʻelua ma ia wahi. Ua noi ʻia nā pūʻali o ka 1st Panzer Division e hoʻouka i nā pūʻali e pale ana i ke alahaka me ka hikiwawe loa, me ka haki ʻole ʻana i ka ululāʻau, ma ke ala pololei o Selyavnoye. Ua manaʻo ka pūkaua Kelemania ʻaʻole e loaʻa i ka ʻenemi ka manawa e hoʻouna aku ai i nā mea hoʻoikaika ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ke alahaka.

ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o nā pūʻali Hungarian i ka lā 9 o Kepakemapa, 1942 ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kekahi o nā mokuna koko loa o nā kaua ma ka Don. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema, ʻo ka German 168th Infantry Division (Commander: General Dietrich Kreiss) a me ka Hungarian 20th Light Division (Commander: Colonel Geza Nagye), i kākoʻo ʻia e ka 201st Assault Gun Battalion, e hoʻouka iā Storozhevoe. Akā naʻe, ua kū lākou i nā pale ikaika a ua lohi ko lākou holomua. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha ua aneane hoʻokahi mahina o ka Red Army e hoʻohuli i ko lākou mau kūlana i hale paʻa maoli: ʻo nā pahu T-34 i ʻeli ʻia a me 3400 mau mines aia ma ke alahaka i hana i kā lākou hana. I ka ʻauinalā, ua hoʻouna ʻia aku kekahi pūʻulu kaua mai ka Battalion 1, 30th Tank Regiment, i alakaʻi ʻia e Kāpena MacLary, e kākoʻo i ka hoʻouka kaua. ʻO Sergeant Janos Chismadia, ka luna o ka PzKpfw 38 (t), i hoʻohanohano loa iā ia iho i kēlā lā. Ua ʻike koke ʻia kahi Soviet T-34 ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua Kelemania, akā ua hoʻokō ka poʻe holo moku Hungarian e luku iā ia ma kahi kokoke loa; he hanana loa ia. Ma hope koke iho, ua haʻalele ke kāpena pahu i kāna kaʻa no ka luku ʻana i ʻelua mau hale me nā haʻawina lima. I kēlā lā, ua hiki iā ia a me kona poʻe ma lalo ke hoʻopaʻa i 30 mau pio o ke kaua. Ua loaʻa i ka ilamuku ka ʻOhana kālā o ka wiwo ʻole.

PzKpfw IV Ausf. F1. E like me ka Wehrmacht, ua liʻiliʻi loa ka Hungarian 1st Panzer Division e kūʻē piha i ka Soviet KW a me T-34.

Ua neʻe ke kaua i ke kauhale ponoʻī a me kona mau wahi i ka lā 10 Kepakemapa. Ua luku aku nā pahu pahu PzKpfw IV o ka hui 3 i ʻelua T-34 a me hoʻokahi KW a koi aku i nā pahu pahu o ka pahu pahu pahu 116 e hoʻi i ka hikina o ke kauhale. ʻElua o kēia mau pahu i luku ʻia e ke kino kino. Janos Rosik. I ka wā i hoʻokuke aku ai ka poʻe Hungarian i ka ʻenemi i hope, kokoke e haʻalele i ke kauhale, ua paʻi ʻia ke kaʻa o Roshik e kahi pū pukuniahi 76,2-mm. Poha ka pahu, make ka poe holookoa. Ua nalowale ka 30th Tank Regiment i kekahi o kona mau luina akamai loa.

Ua hoʻopio ʻia ʻo Storozhevoye i nā pūʻali koa Kelemania-Hungarian, a nalowale ʻelua mau pahu PzKpfw 38(t) hou. I loko o kēia kaua, ʻo Sgt. ʻO Gyula Boboytsov, ka luna koa platoon o ka hui ʻekolu. I kēia manawa, ma ka ʻēheu ʻākau, ua hoʻouka ka 3th Light Division iā Urive, e hopu ana i ka hapa nui o kāna mau pahuhopu i loko o ʻelua mau lā. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā lōʻihi, ua koi ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka māhele e hoʻi hope ma muli o ke ʻano o nā counterattacks nui Soviet. Ma ke kakahiaka o ka la 13 o Sepatemaba, ua nohoia ka wahi a pau o Storozhev e na koa Kelemania-Hungarian. Ua kaupalena ʻia ka holomua ʻana e ka ua nui.

I ka ʻauinalā, ua hoʻouna ʻia nā moku moku Hungarian e hoʻouka i ka nahele ʻo Ottissia, akā ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā pū anti-tank ahi mai nā hale hoʻomalu ma ka lihi o ka nahele. Ua poino loa kekahi mau kaa. ʻO Peter Luksch (i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia i ka mea nui ma ka hopena o Kepakemapa), ka luna o ka pūʻali koa kaua ʻelua, ua hōʻeha nui ʻia ma ka umauma e kahi ʻāpana pūpū i waho o ka pahu. Lawe ke kapena i ke kauoha. ʻO Tibor Karpaty, ka luna o ka hui 2 i kēia manawa. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka 5th a me 6th tank brigades i ke alahaka o ka Soviet 54th Army, i komo pū me nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā pahu me ka mana o 130 kW a me ka nui o nā T-20.

ʻO kekahi o nā moku moku Hungarian maikaʻi loa, ʻo Lutenant Istvan Simon; 1942

Kepakemapa 12, 1942 ua koi ʻia nā pūʻali koa Kelemania-Hungarian e hoʻololi i ke ala nui o ka hana ʻino. I ke kakahiaka, ua hāʻule ke ahi nui mai ke kapa hikina o ka Don ma luna o nā Hungarians a me nā Kelemania e hoʻomākaukau ana e hoʻouka. Ua eha loa o Lutanela Konela Endre Zador, ka luna koa o ka Regiment 30th Armoured Regiment, Lutanela Konela Rudolf Resch, a ua lawe ia aku ke kauoha o ka regimana e ka luna koa o ka Puali Koa. ʻOiai ka hoʻomaka ʻole ʻana, ua kūleʻa ka hoʻouka ʻana. ʻO ke kāpena regiment hou, ke alakaʻi nei i ka hoʻouka kaua ma ka nalu mua, ua luku i ʻeono mau pū anti-tank a me ʻelua mau pū kahua. I ka hōʻea ʻana i ka wāwae o Hill 1, haʻalele ʻo ia i kāna kaʻa a komo i kahi hoʻouka kaua pololei, me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ʻelua mau wahi huna ʻenemi. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā poho nui o nā kaʻa kaʻa Hungarian, ua hoʻokuke aku ka pūʻali koa Soviet i ka pūʻali koa Hungarian mai ka puʻu koʻikoʻi i waenakonu o ke alahaka. Ua hoʻomaka nā koa o ka 187,7th Rifle Division e ʻeli i nā kūlana i noho mua ʻia. I ke ahiahi, ua ʻike ʻia nā pahu KW ma ka ʻaoʻao hema. I ka hopena o ka lā, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi hoʻouka kaua Soviet nui i ka poʻe Kelemania mai ko lākou kūlana pale ma Hill 168. pāpale kaua pūʻali koa 187,7. Ua kauoha ʻia ʻo Tibor Karpatego e hoʻouka kaua. Ua wehewehe ʻo Corporal Mocker i ke kaua i kēlā lā:

Ua ala mākou i ka hola 4:30 a mākaukau e haʻalele i ke kūlana. Ua moeʻuhane ʻo Corporal Gyula Vitko (ke kaʻa) ua paʻa ko mākou pahu pahu... Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻo Lutena Halmos iā mākou e noʻonoʻo lōʻihi e pili ana i kēia haʻi ʻōlelo: “E hoʻomaka i nā ʻenekini. Step!" ... Ua ʻike koke ʻia aia mākou i ke kikowaena o kahi hoʻouka kaua Soviet ma ka laina o ka hui ... Aia ka pūʻali koa Kelemania i ko lākou mau kūlana, mākaukau e hoʻouka. ... Ua loaʻa iaʻu kahi hōʻike pōkole mai ke alakaʻi platoon ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau, ʻo Lutanela Attila Boyaska paha (ka luna koa o ka hui ʻeono), nāna i noi i ke kōkua i ka hikiwawe loa: “E pana lākou i kā mākou mau kaʻa pakahi! Ua haki ko'u. Pono mākou i ke kōkua koke!"

Ua pilikia pū ka pūʻali pahu pahu 1. Ua noi kona luna i ke kākoʻo mai ka poʻe Nimrods e hoʻokuke aku i nā kaʻa kaua Soviet. Ua hoomau aku ke kino.

Ua hōʻea mākou i ka pahu o Kāpena Karpathy, aia ma lalo o ke ahi nui ... He ao nui o ka uahi a me ka lepo a puni. Ua neʻe mākou a hiki i ke keʻena poʻo Kelemania o ka pūʻali koa Kelemania. ... e neʻe ana kahi pahu Lūkini ma waena o ke kahua ma lalo o kā mākou ahi nui. Ua hoʻihoʻi koke mai kā mākou mea kī pū ʻo Njerges. Ua ki aku ʻo ia i nā pū hoʻopā kaua i kēlā me kēia. Eia naʻe, ua hewa kekahi mea. ʻAʻole hiki i kā mākou mau pū ke komo i loko o ke kapa kila o ka ʻenemi. He mea weliweli kēia hemahema! Ua luku aku ka Soviet Army i ka luna o ka mahele PzKpfw 38 (t) Karpaty, ka mea pōmaikaʻi, i waho o ke kaʻa. ʻO ka nāwaliwali o nā pū 37-mm o nā pahu Hungarian ua ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe Hungarian, akā i kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻia ua ʻike pū ka poʻe Soviets a e hoʻohana lākou i ia mea. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia kahi hōʻike huna Hungarian: "Ua hoʻopunipuni nā Soviets iā mākou i ka wā o ke kaua ʻelua o Uriva ... Ua luku ʻo T-34 i ka ʻāpana panzer holoʻokoʻa i loko o kekahi mau minuke."

Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ke kaua i nā pūʻali koa o ka māhele e pono ai ka PzKpfw IV, hiki ke hakakā i nā pahu T-34, akā aia nō ka pilikia me ka KW. I ka pau ʻana o ka lā, ʻehā wale nō PzKpfw IV a me 22 PzKpfw 38(t) i mākaukau no ke kaua. Ma nā kaua o Kepakemapa 13, ua luku ʻo Hungarians i ʻewalu mau T-34 a ua hōʻino ʻia ʻelua mau KV. Ma ka la 14 o Sepatemaba, ua hoao ka Red Army e hopu hou ia Storozhevoe, aole nae i loaa. ʻO ka lā hope o ke kaua ʻana, ʻo ke kolu o ke kaua ʻana no Uriv, ʻo ia ʻo Kepakemapa 16, 1942. Ua ki aku nā Hungarians i ʻelima mau pū hoʻokele ponoʻī ʻo Nimrod mai ka pūʻali koa luku pahu pahu 51, kahi i hiki ʻole ai ke ola o nā moku moku Soviet mai nā pūkuniahi ahi wikiwiki 40-mm. Ua loaʻa pū nā pūʻali koa Soviet i nā poho koʻikoʻi i kēlā lā, me. 24 pahu i luku ʻia, me ʻeono KW. I ka pau ana o ka la o ka hakaka, ua loaa i ka 30th Tank Regiment he 12 PzKpfw 38(t) a me 2 PzKpfw IV F1. He 10 2 kanaka i lilo i na koa Geremania-Hungarian. kanaka: 8 tausani i make a nalowale a XNUMX tausani i ʻeha.

pahu Hungarian PzKpfw IV Ausf. F2 a me ka puali hele wāwae i nā kaua no Krotoyak a me Uriv; 1942

Ma ka la 3 o Okatoba, ua lilo kona luna koa, o Generala Langermann-Erlankamp, ​​ka German XXIV Panzer Corps, ka mea i make mai ka pahū ana o ka 122-mm rocket. Me ka pūkaua Kelemania, ua pepehi ʻia nā alakaʻi o ka 20th Light Division a me ka 14th Infantry Regiment, Colonel Geza Nagy a me Jozsef Mik. I ka manawa like, ua loaʻa i ka 1st Panzer Division he 50% o nā ʻauwaʻa hoʻomaka o nā kaʻa. ʻAʻole nui ka pohō o nā koa. ʻEhiku mau luna akamai i hoʻouna ʻia i Hungary, me kahi kāpena. Laszlo Maclary; e komo i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā tankers no ka 2nd Panzer Division. I Nowemapa, ua hiki mai ke kākoʻo: ʻeono PzKpfw IV F2 a me G, 10 PzKpfw III N. Ua hoʻouna ʻia ke kumu hoʻohālike mua i kahi hui o nā pahu kaumaha, a ʻo ka "troika" i ka hui 5 o Lutanela Karoli Balogh.

Ua hōʻea mālie nā mea hoʻoikaika a me nā lako no ka māhele kaua Hungarian. Ma ka lā 3 o Nowemapa, ua kūʻē ka luna koa ʻelua, ʻo General Gustav Jahn, i ka poʻe Kelemania e pili ana i ka hiki ʻole ke hāʻawi i nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa no nā kaʻa a me nā lako. Ua hooikaika nae e lawe mai i na lako a me na mea kaua i ka hikiwawe loa.

ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻaʻohe paio koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka hakakā wale nō i komo ai nā ʻāpana o ka māhele kaua Hungarian ma ʻOkakopa 19, 1942 kokoke i Storozhevo; 1st pale kaua bataliona. Ua luku ʻo Gezi Mesolego i ʻehā mau moku Soviet. Mai Nowemapa, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka 1st Panzer Division i ka waihona o ka 2nd Army. I loko o kēia manawa, ua hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia ka ʻāpana raifela o ka māhele, a lilo i regiment rifle kaʻa (mai Dekemaba 1, 1942). I Kekemapa, ua loaʻa i ka māhele ʻelima mau Marders II, nona ka pūʻali moku luku pahu i alakaʻi ʻia e Kāpena S. Pal Zergeni. No ka hoʻonohonoho houʻana i ka 1st Panzer Division i Dekemaba, ua hoʻouna aku nā Germans i 6 mau luna, nā luna hoʻomaluʻole a me nā koa mai ka 50th Panzer Regiment no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou.

Ua komo lākou i ke kaua i ka makahiki 1943.

Nā pūʻali koa o ka Māhele Panzer 2 ma ka Don, ke kauwela 1942.

Ma Ianuali 2, 1943, ua hoʻonoho ʻia ka Mahele Kūʻai ʻEkahi ma lalo o ka mana pololei o ke kino o General Hans Kramer, ʻo ia hoʻi ka 1th a me 29th Infantry Division, ka 168th Assault Gun Battalion a me ka 190th Armored Division. Ma keia la, ua komo ka mahele Hungarian 700 PzKpfw IV F8 a me G, 2 PzKpfw IV F8, 1 PzKpfw III N, 9 PzKpfw 41 (t), 38 Marder II a me 5 Toldi.

Me nā pūʻali o ka 2nd Army, ʻo ka 1st Panzer Division ke kuleana no ka pale ʻana i ka laina mua ma ka Don, me kahi kikowaena ma Voronezh. I ka wā o ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo o ka Red Army, ua hoʻouka ka pūʻali koa o ka 40th Army i ke alahaka ʻo Uriva, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma waho aʻe o ka puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu kiaʻi, ua loaʻa i ʻehā mau puʻupuʻu raifela a me ʻekolu mau pūʻali koa kaua me 164 mau pahu, me 33 KW tank a me 58 T- 34 pahu pahu . Ua hahau ka Soviet 18th Rifle Corps mai ke alahaka ʻo Shutier, me ʻelua pūʻali koa kaua me 99 mau kaʻa, me 56 T-34s. E neʻe ʻo ia mai ka ʻākau a i ka hema e hālāwai me ka pūʻali Panzer 3 ma Kantamirovtsy. Mai ka ʻaoʻao o Kantemirovka, ma ka ʻēheu hema, ua neʻe aku ka pūʻali kaua Soviet, me 425 (+53?) pahu pahu, me 29 KV a me 221 T-34s. Ua hoʻolako pū nā Soviets i ke kākoʻo pū me ka lawa, ma ka ʻāpana Uriv he 102 barela i kēlā me kēia kilomika o mua, ma Shtushya - 108, a ma Kantemirovtsy - 96. Ma ka ʻāpana Uriv, 122-mm howitzers kiʻi 9500 pōʻai, 76,2-mm pū - 38 puni . , a me nā mea hoʻolele puʻupuʻu pū - 000 missiles.

Nā kūlana pahu Hungarian i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia; Krotoyak, ʻAukake 1942.

Ianuali 12, 1943 ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka Māhele ʻAha Hungarian 1 (ka luna: Colonel Ferenc Horváth, hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia i Major General i Pepeluali 1943, Luna Nui o nā limahana: Major Karoli

ʻO Chemez) ʻo ia:

• ʻO ka pūʻali koa 1 o nā kamaʻilio wikiwiki - Kāpena Cornel Palotasi;
• ʻO 2nd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Group - Major Illes Gerhardt, nona ka: 1st Motorized Medium Artillery Group - Major Gyula Jovanovich, 5th Motorized Medium Artillery Group - Lieutenant Colonel Istvan Sendes, 51st Tank Destroyer Division - Lieutenant Colonel Janos Torchvari, 1st Rereconnais ʻO Reconnaissance Battalion Lt. Ede Galosfay, ʻo 1th Tank Destroyer Company - Capt. Pal Zergeni;
• ʻO ka pūʻali koa kaʻa kaʻa mua - Lutanela Konela Ferenc Lovay, ʻo ia hoʻi: ʻO ka pūʻali koa raifela 1 - kapena. ʻO Laszlo Varadi, ʻelua pūʻali koa puʻupuʻu - ʻO Major Ishvan Khartyansky, 1 pūʻali koa puʻupuʻu - kapena. Ferenc Herke;
• 30th panzer pool - ppłk Andre Horváth, w składzi: kompania sztabowa - mai. Matyas Fogarasi, 1. zmotoryzowana kompania saperów - kpi. Laszlo Kelemen, 1st tank battalion - kāpena Geza Mesoli (1st company Czolgów - squadron Janos Novak, 2nd company Cholguw - squadron Zoltan Sekey, 3rd company Czolguw - squadron Albert Kovacs), 2nd tank battalion - Dezo company Cdats. , 4. kompania czołgów - awa. Felix-Kurt Dalitz, 5. kompania czołgów - awa. Lajos Balázs).

Ma Ianuali 12, 1943, ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ka Pūʻali ʻulaʻula, ma mua o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā pū nunui, a ukali ʻia e ʻeono mau bataliona i kākoʻo ʻia e nā kaʻa kaʻa, nāna i hoʻouka i ka 3rd Battalion, 4th Regiment, 7th Light Division. I kēia manawa i ka wā o ka pū, ua nalowale ka regiment ma kahi o 20-30% o kāna mau limahana, no laila i ke ahiahi ua hoʻi hope ka ʻenemi i 3 mau kilomita. ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua o nā pūʻali Soviet ma Uriv i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka lā 14 o Ianuali, akā ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻololi i ke kumumanaʻo a wikiwiki i ka hoʻouka kaua. Ma ke kakahiaka o Ianuali 13, ua hoʻomaka mua nā pūʻali koa hele wāwae o Hungarian i ke ahi nui, a laila ua luku ʻia ko lākou mau kūlana e nā kaʻa. ʻO ka pūʻali koa kaʻa he 700 Kelemania, i lako me ka PzKpfw 38(t), ua aneane pau i ka luku ʻia e nā kaʻa o ka pahu pahu pahu 150. I ka lā aʻe, ua hoʻouka ka Soviet 18th Infantry Corps a hāʻule i ka hui o ka Hungarian 12th Light Division ma Shuce. ʻO ka pū o ka 12th Field Artillery Regiment i hoʻopau i nā pahu kaʻa Soviet he nui akā hiki ke hana liʻiliʻi. Ua hoʻomaka ka pūʻali koa e hoʻi hope me ke kākoʻo ʻole ʻia o nā pū. Ma ka ʻāina ʻo Kantemirovka, ua uhaʻi pū ka Soviet 3rd Panzer Army i nā laina Kelemania, ʻo kona mau kaʻa i lawe i ke keʻena nui o ka XXIV Panzer Corps ma Shilino, ma ke komohana hema o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Rossosh, me ka pīhoihoi. He kakaikahi wale na aliikoa Kelemania a me na koa i pakele. ʻO Ianuali 14 ka lā anuanu loa o ka hoʻoilo o 1942/43. Ua kākau ʻo Colonel Yeno Sharkani, ke poʻo o nā limahana o ka 2nd Corps o ka XNUMXth Army, i kahi hōʻike: ... ua maloʻo nā mea a pau, ʻo ka maʻamau maʻamau.

i keia hooilo he -20°C, ia la he -30°C.

ʻO General Lajos Veres, ka luna o ka 1st Armoured Division a hiki i ka lā 1 ʻOkakopa 1942

Ma ka ʻauinalā o Ianuali 16, ua hoʻomaka nā ʻāpana o ka 1st Panzer Division i kahi hoʻouka kaua kūʻē iā Woitysh, i noho ʻia e ka 18th Infantry Corps. Ma muli o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana, ua hōʻeha ʻia ke alakaʻi o ka regiment 1st moto raifela, ʻo Lieutenant Colonel Ferenc Lovai. Ua lawe ʻia ke kauoha e Lutanela Konela Jozsef Szigetváry, ka mea i kauoha koke ʻia e Kenerala Kramer e hoʻōki i ka hoʻouka kaua kūʻē a hoʻi hope ʻoiai ua pilikia nā pūʻali Hungarian i ka hoʻopuni ʻia ʻana. I kēlā manawa, ua holomua nā Soviets i 60 km hohonu i nā laina Kelemānia-Hungarian kokoke i Uriva; ʻO ke āpau i nā kūlana kokoke i Kantemirovka he nui - 30 km ākea a me 90 km hohonu. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka 12th Panzer Corps o ka 3rd Panzer Army e Rossosh. Ma Ianuali 17, ua hōʻea nā pūʻali koa Soviet a me nā pūʻali koa i Ostrogoshki, e pale ana i nā pūʻulu o ka Hungarian 13th Light Division a me kahi regiment o ka German 168th Infantry Division.

ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana o nā pahu Hungarian PzKpfw 38 (t); Kekemapa 1942

I ke kakahiaka nui, ua hoʻouka ka 1st Panzer Division, me ʻewalu PzKpfw III a me ʻehā PzKpfw IVs, i ka hoʻouka kaua ma ke ala o Dolshnik-Ostrogoshk, e luku ana i kahi kolamu kaʻa Soviet. Ua kāpae ʻo General Kramer i ka hoʻouka kaua. Ua puhi ʻia kekahi o nā PzKpfw IV maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka mea pōʻino no nā ʻāpana o ka māhele, hoʻokahi wale nō alanui i ke ala o Alekseevka, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā kānaka a me nā mea hana, nā mea hana a haʻalele ʻia a luku ʻia. Ua loaʻa i ka moku kaua Hungarian nā poho nui i kēia huakaʻi, ma muli o ka nele o nā ʻāpana a me ka wahie, ua hāʻule nā ​​pahu PzKpfw 38 (t) i ka hau, no laila ua haʻalele ʻia a puhi ʻia. Nui nā kaʻa kaʻa i luku ʻia ma ke kahua hoʻoponopono o ka māhele ma Kamenka, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka pūʻali pahu pahu 1 wale nō i puhi i ka 17 PzKpfw 38 (t) a me 2 PzKpfw IV a me nā lako ʻē aʻe he nui.

I ka lā 19 o Ianuali, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka māhele kaua Hungarian i ka hana e hoʻomaka i kahi counterstrike iā Aleksievka. No ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka ʻāpana nāwaliwali (a hiki i Ianuali 25), ʻo ka 559th mahele o nā mea luku pahu pahu lieutenant colonel. Wilhelm Hefner. Ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻouka ʻana ma ka hola 11:00. Ua wehewehe ʻo Junior Lieutenant Denes Nemeth mai ka 2nd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Group i ka hoʻouka ʻana penei: ... ua loaʻa iā mākou ke ahi pahū nui, nā pū mīkini kaumaha a māmā. Ua puhi ʻia kekahi o kā mākou mau pahu e ka lua, ua kīkē ʻia kekahi mau kaʻa ʻē aʻe ... Mai ke alanui mua loa, ua hoʻomaka ke kaua ikaika no kēlā me kēia hale, alahele, pinepine me kahi bayonet, a i ka wā i loaʻa ai nā pohō nui o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.

Ua luku ʻia nā pahu kaʻa Fiat 3000B o ka pūʻali mākaʻi e hana ana ma hope o ka Hikina Hikina; hooilo 1942/43

Ua luku ʻia e nā Hungarians ʻehā mau pahu ʻenemi. Ua kū ka hakakā ma hope o 2,5 mau hola, ua hoʻokō ka poʻe Hungarian e hopu hou i ke kūlanakauhale. ʻO nā poho o ka māhele ʻo ia: PzKpfw III, i puhi ʻia e kahi mine, a me ʻelua PzKpfw IV, i luku ʻia e nā pū kī kī anti-tank. Ua hahau pu kekahi o Nimrod o ka Hui 2, 51st Tank Destroyer Battalion i kahi maina, a haule kekahi i ka auwai nui i ka wa i panaia ai kona kalaiwa ma ke poo. Ua helu pū ʻia kēia Nimeroda ma ke ʻano he poho hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia. I ka wā o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana, ʻo ka luna koa o ka platoon PzKpfw III mai ka hui tank 3rd, Sergeant V. Gyula Boboytsov. Ma ke awakea, ua haki ʻia ke kūʻē Soviet, i kākoʻo ʻia e nā kaʻa kaʻa T-60, e ka Hungarian Marder II tank luku. ʻO kekahi o nā pūʻulu kaua o ka māhele i hoʻonohoʻia ma kahi puʻu kokoke i Alekseevka.

I ke kakahiaka o Ianuali 19, ua hoʻouka ʻia ke kūlanakauhale e ka Pūʻali ʻulaʻula mai ka hema. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hoʻouka ʻana, luku ʻia nā pahu T-34 a me T-60. ʻOiai ʻo kēia kūleʻa, ʻo nā hanana ma nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka 2nd Army front i koi aku i nā pūʻali o ka Māhele Panzer 1 e hoʻi hou i ke komohana. I ka wā o ka haʻalele ʻana, ua luku ʻia kekahi o nā Nimrods o ka hui mua o ka pūʻali koa luku tank 1st. Eia naʻe, e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka lanakila liʻiliʻi o ka pūʻali koa Hungarian ma Ianuali 51 a me 18 i hiki ai ke hoʻihoʻi i nā pūʻali o Kramer, ka 19 a me 20st corps ma o Alekseevka. I ka pō o Ianuali 21-21, ua luku nā pūʻulu kaua o ka moku tank i ke kahua a me ke ala kaʻaahi ma Alekseevka. I ka lā 1 o Ianuali, ua hoʻomaka ka 26th Panzer Division i kahi hoʻouka kaua hou e kōkua ai i ka hoʻi hope ʻana o ka German 168th Infantry Division. Ua ukali ʻia e nā pūʻali koa o ka German 13th Infantry Division a me ka Hungarian 19th Light Division e pale ana i mua o Ostrogosk a hiki i Ianuali 20. Ua haʻalele nā ​​pūʻali Hungarian hope iā Ostrogoshk i ka maluhia o Ianuali XNUMX.

ʻO Albert Kovacs, kekahi o nā alakaʻi pahu kaʻa lanakila loa o ka 3rd Battalion, 30th Tank Regiment.

ʻO nā ʻāpana o ka 1st Panzer Division, e uhi ana i ka hoʻi ʻana ma waena o Ilyinka a me Alekseevka, ua hina i kahi hui hoʻokele Soviet, i pio (80 make, ʻelua mau kaʻa a me ʻelua mau pū anti-tank i luku ʻia). Ua noho ʻo Hungarians ma ke komohana o Alekseevka a mālama ʻia ia pō a pau me ke kākoʻo ʻana o ka Marder II o ka Pūʻali Koa 559th Fighter Battalion. Ua hoʻokuke ʻia kekahi mau hoʻouka kaua ʻana, ʻeono mau kānaka i nalowale. Ua eo i ka hoa paio he 150-200 o lakou. I ka lā a me ka pō o Ianuali 22, ua hoʻouka mau nā koa Soviet iā Ilyinka, akā ua pale aku nā ʻāpana o ka pūʻali koa Hungarian i kēlā me kēia hoʻouka kaua. I ke kakahiaka nui o Ianuali 23, ua luku ʻo Marder II i nā pū T-34 a me nā T-60. Ma ia lā hoʻokahi, ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻi ʻana mai Ilyinka ma ke ʻano he kiaʻi o ke kino - a i ʻole, ʻo ka mea i koe - Kramer. Ua hōʻea ʻia kahi laina pale hou ma kahi o Novy Oskol ma Ianuali 25, 1943.

ʻO ka prototype o ka mea luku pahu Hungarian ma ka chassis o ka tank Toldi. ʻAʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka hana; 1943-1944

Ma hope o kekahi mau lā anu akā mālie, ma Ianuali 20, ua hoʻomaka ka Soviets i kahi hoʻouka kaua iā Novy Oskol. Ma ka hikina akau o keia kulanakauhale, ua lilo ka 6 o ka hui pahu pahu i kona alakai (e nana ia Lajos Balas, ia manawa aia mawaho o ka pahu a make ma ke poo). ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻōki i ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka ʻenemi. Ua hoʻomaka nā ʻāpana o ka mahele e hoʻi hope ma lalo o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana a ka ʻenemi. Eia nō naʻe, hiki nō iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā hoʻouka kaua, e hoʻolohi i ka neʻe ʻana o ka Pūʻali ʻulaʻula a hoʻopaʻa i kāna mau pūʻali nui.

Ua ikaika loa ke kaua ma ke kulanakauhale iho. Ua mālama ʻia kahi hōʻike lekiō mai iā lākou, i hoʻouna ʻia paha e Corporal Miklos Jonas: “Ua luku au i kahi pū anti-tank Lūkini ma kahi kokoke i ke kahua. Ke hoʻomau nei mākou i kā mākou holomua. Ua hālāwai mākou me nā pū mīkini kaumaha a me ke ahi liʻiliʻi mai nā hale a mai ka hui alanui nui. Ma kekahi o na alanui ma ka akau o ke kahua, ua luku aku au i kekahi pu anti-tank, a makou i kalai aku ai a ki aku i 40 mau koa Rusia me na pu mikini. Ke hoʻomau nei mākou i kā mākou hoʻolaha ...

Nā pahu kaʻa Hungarian ʻo Turan a me PzKpfw 38(t) ma Ukraine; puna 1943

Ma hope o ka hakakā ʻana i kēlā lā, ua loaʻa ka mekala Hungarian kiʻekiʻe loa i ka luna pahu pahu ʻo Jonas: ka Medal gula a ka Luna no ka Courage. ʻO ka hopena, ua haʻalele nā ​​māhele o ka māhele i ke kūlanakauhale a hoʻi i ke kauhale o Mikhailovka ma ka hikina o Korocha. Ma keia la, ua lilo ka mahele he 26 poe, ka hapanui o na eha, a hookahi pahu PzKpfw IV, i puhi ia e na ohua. Ua manaʻo ʻia ka lele kaua Soviet ma kahi o 500 mau koa.

Ua ʻoi aku ka mālie o nā lā ʻelua. Ma ka lā 3 o Feberuari wale nō, ua hoʻouka hou ʻia nā kaua ikaika, kahi i hoʻihoʻi ʻia ai ka pūʻali koa ʻenemi mai Tatyanovsky. I ka lā aʻe, ua hoʻihoʻi ka 1st Panzer Division i nā hoʻouka kaua Soviet a hoʻopio hou i ke kauhale o Nikitovka, ma ke komohana ʻākau o Mikhailovka. Ma hope o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe i Koroche, ua haʻalele pū ka 1st Panzer Division. Ma laila, kākoʻo ʻia ka Hungarians e ka 168th Infantry Division o General Dietrich Kreis. I ka lā 6 o Pepeluali, he kaua no ke kūlanakauhale, kahi i hoʻopio ai nā pūʻali Soviet i kekahi mau hale. I ka hopena, ua kipaku ʻia nā koa ʻulaʻula mai ke kūlanakauhale.

ʻO kekahi o nā kaʻa kaua Hungarian maikaʻi loa ʻo ia ka pū hoʻouka kaua Zrinyi II; 1943

I ka lā aʻe, ua hoʻopuni ʻia ke kūlanakauhale ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu. Ma ka hola 4:45 ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻouka kaua Soviet. ʻElua mau pū hoʻouka kaua ʻo Nimrod i hoʻokuʻu iā ia iho, e kī pū ana i nā pō pōkole, ma kahi liʻiliʻi i hoʻōki i ka hoʻouka ʻana mai ka hikina. Ma ka hola 6:45 am, ua emi ke kolamu Kelemania. 400-500 mau koa Soviet i hoouka aku ia ia, e hoao ana e oki ia ia mai ke kulanakauhale aku. Ua kākoʻo ʻia ka hoʻi hope ʻana o nā Kelemania e Nimrodius, nona ke ahi nui i ʻae i ke kolamu e hiki i kona wahi. ʻO ke ala wale nō i Belogrud i alakaʻi i ke komohana hema o ke kūlanakauhale. Ua haʻalele mua nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe iā Krotosha. Ua hoʻomaka hoʻi nā moku moku Hungarian e hoʻi i hope, e hakakā ana i nā kaua hoʻomau. I loko o kēia hoʻi hope, ua puhi ʻia ka Nimrod hope loa, a me ka PzKpfw 38 (t), i luku ʻia i ke kaua me ka T-34 a me ʻelua mau T-60. Ua ola ka ohua a ua pakele. ʻO ka lā 7 o Pepeluali ka lā hope loa o ka hakakā nui a ka māhele Hungarian i hakakā ai ma ke alo hikina.

ʻO Tank Toldi II, i kūkulu hou ʻia e like me ke ʻano hoʻohālike Kelemania, me nā ʻaoʻao pale pale; 1943

Ma ka la 9 o Feberuari, ua hele ka 1st Panzer Division ma Donetsk a hiki i Kharkov. Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana, ʻelua mau Marders II (i hoʻihoʻi ʻia i Kelemania i ke kauwela o 1943) i noho i ka lawelawe. ʻO ka poho hope loa, ʻo ia ke alakaʻi o ka pūʻali koa 2nd Armored Battalion, ʻo Major Dezeu Vidats, i make ma ka haukapila, i ka maʻi ʻino, ma Ianuali 21, 1943. Ma ka lā 28 o Ianuali, he 316 mau luna a me 7428 mau luna ʻole a me nā mea pilikino. ʻO ka nui o nā poho o ka māhele no Ianuali a me Feberuari 1943, he 25 mau luna i make a he 50 i hōʻeha ʻia, he 9 ʻē aʻe i nalowale, ma waena o nā luna hoʻokō ʻole ʻo ia ka helu - 229, 921 a me 1128; a ma waena o ke kūlana a me ka faila - 254, 971, 1137. Ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka mahele i Hungary i ka hopena o Malaki 1943. Ma ka huina, ua nalowale ka 2nd Army ma waena o Ianuali 1 a me ʻApelila 6, 1943 96 mau koa: 016 i ʻeha, hāʻule nui. maʻi a hoʻouna ʻia i ka hau hau ma Hungary, a he 28 poʻe i pepehi ʻia, hopu ʻia a nalowale paha. ʻO nā ʻāpana o ka Voronezh Front i nā kaua me Hungary ua nalowale he 044 mau koa, me 67 mau kānaka i make.

Hoʻokokoke ke kaua i ka palena o Hungary - 1944

Ma hope o ke pio ʻana o ka Don i ʻApelila 1943, ua hui ka Hui Nui Hungarian e kūkākūkā i nā kumu a me nā hopena o ka hāʻule ʻana ma ka Hikina Hikina. Ua hoʻomaopopo nā luna kiʻekiʻe a me nā luna liʻiliʻi he pono e hoʻokō ʻia ke kumumanaʻo no ka hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana o ka pūʻali koa, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nānā ʻana i ka pono e hoʻoikaika i nā mea kaua. A i ʻole, ʻaʻole e loaʻa i nā pūʻali Hungarian e hakakā ana me ka Red Army ka manawa liʻiliʻi e hakakā ma ke ʻano like me nā tank Soviet. I ka huli ʻana o 1943 a me 1944, ua kūkulu hou ʻia nā tank Toldi I 80, i hoʻopaʻa hou ʻia me nā pū 40 mm a ua hoʻolako ʻia me nā pā kaua 35 mm hou aʻe ma ka pale kaua mua a me nā papa ʻaoʻao.

ʻO ka pū kīwī "Zrinyi II" i hoʻolako ʻia me kahi pūkuniahi 105-mm; 1943

ʻO ka pae mua o ka papahana e mau ana a hiki i ka waena o 1944 a ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi kumu hoʻohālike hou - ʻo ka 41M Turán II me kahi pū 75 mm a me ka puʻu puʻupuʻu Zrinyi II me kahi pū 105 mm. ʻO ka lua o ka pae e mau a hiki i ka makahiki 1945 a ʻo kāna huahana hope he pahu koʻikoʻi o kāna hana ponoʻī a - inā hiki - he pahu luku (ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Tas M.44 program). ʻAʻole i hoʻokō ʻia ka hana ʻelua.

Ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka Don ma ʻApelila 1, 1943, ua hoʻomaka ke kauoha Hungarian e hoʻokō i ke kolu o ka hoʻolālā no ka hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana o ka pūʻali koa - "Knot III". ʻO ka pū 44M Zrini hou i hoʻokuʻu ʻia me kahi pū anti-tank 43-mm MAVAG 75M, a ʻo ka pū 43M Zrini II i hoʻouka ʻia me kahi howitzer 43-mm MAVAG 105M. E hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana e nā pūʻali koa i hoʻolalelale ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi he 21 mau pū Zrynya a me ʻeiwa mau pū Zriny II. He 40 ka papa mua, he 50 ka lua.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka pūʻali koa mua i Iulai i ka makahiki 1943, akā ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka pūʻali koa ʻo Toldi a me Turan. ʻO nā pū mua ʻelima "Zriny II" i ʻōwili ʻia mai ka laina hui i ʻAukake. Ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka hana ʻana o Zrynia II, ʻo ka 1 a me ka 10 wale nō o nā pū hoʻouka kaua i hoʻolako piha ʻia, ua hoʻolako ʻia ka māhele 7 o ka pū hoʻouka me nā pūkuniahi German StuG III G, a ua loaʻa kekahi pūʻulu Hungarian i nā pū hoʻokele German Hetzer. . Eia naʻe, e like me ka pūʻali koa Kelemania, ʻo nā ʻāpana o nā pū hoʻouka he ʻāpana o ka pūʻali koa.

Hungarian, ʻaʻole pūʻali koa.

I ka manawa like, ua maopopo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻenehana hou i nā hemahema e pili ana i nā palena hoʻolālā. No laila, ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hana hou i ka undercarriage o ka pahu Turan no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi pū 75-mm. ʻO kēia ka mea i hana ʻia ai ka Turan III. Ua hoʻolālā pū ʻia e hoʻololi i ka Toldi i mea luku pahu ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi pū anti-tank German 40 mm Pak 75 ma luna o kahi superstructure hull ākea. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea i hiki mai kēia mau hoʻolālā. No kēia kumu, ua helu ʻia ʻo Weiss Manfred e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomohala a hoʻokomo i kahi hoʻohālike hou o ka pahu Tas, a me kahi pū hoʻokele ponoʻī e pili ana iā ia. Ua hilinaʻi nui nā mea hoʻolālā a me nā mea hoʻolālā i nā hoʻolālā Kelemania - ka pahu Panther a me ka pahu pahu pahu Jagdpanther.

ʻO ka hui ʻo Hungarian, i kākoʻo ʻia e nā tank Toldi, e hele i ka muliwai ma ke alahaka i luku ʻia; 1944

ʻO ka pahu Hungarian Tas i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻouka ʻia me kahi pūkuniahi i hana ʻia e Hungarian, ʻoi aku ka pololei o ke kope o ka pū Panther, a ʻo ka pū hoʻoneʻe ponoʻī i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia me kahi pūkuniahi 88-mm, e like me ka pahu German Tiger. i lako me. . Ua luku ʻia ka prototype i hoʻopau ʻia o ka pahu Tas i ka wā o ka pana ʻana o US ma Iulai 27, 1944 a ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka hana.

Ma mua o ke komo ʻana o Hungary i loko o ke kaua a i ka wā o ke kaua, ua hoʻāʻo ke aupuni Hungarian a me ka pūʻali e loaʻa ka laikini mai nā Kelemania e hana i kahi pahu pahu hou. I ka makahiki 1939-1940, ua hoʻomaka nā kūkākūkā e kūʻai i laikini no ka PzKpfw IV, akā ʻaʻole makemake nā Kelemania e ʻae i kēia. I ka makahiki 1943, ua hāʻawi hope aku kahi hui Kelemania e kūʻai aku i ka laikini no kēia kumu hoʻohālike tank. Ua hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe Hungarian he mīkini hilinaʻi kēia, ʻo ka "workhorse of the Panzerwaffe", akā ua manaʻo ʻia ua pau ka hoʻolālā. I kēia manawa ua hōʻole lākou. I ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana, ua hoʻāʻo lākou e ʻae e hana i kahi pahu hou, ʻo ka Panther, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa.

Ma ka hapa mua o 1944 wale nō, i ka wā i loli nui ai ke kūlana ma mua, ua ʻae ka poʻe Kelemania e kūʻai aku i ka laikini no ka pahu Panther, akā i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana ua koi lākou i kahi huina astronomical o 120 miliona mau (e pili ana i 200 miliona penge). ʻO kahi kahi e hana ʻia ai kēia mau pahu kaʻa i lilo i mea pilikia. Ke hoʻokokoke nei ka mua i nā palena Hungarian i kēlā me kēia lā. No kēia kumu, pono nā pūʻali koa Hungarian e hilinaʻi i kā lākou mau lako a me nā lako i hāʻawi ʻia e ka hui Kelemania.

Eia kekahi, mai Malaki 1944, ua hoʻoikaika ʻia nā ʻāpana infantry maʻamau me kahi ʻāpana ʻekolu mau pākahi o nā pū i hoʻolalelale ʻia (me ka ʻole o ke alo o kahi platoon kaʻa kaua i loko o ka pūʻali koa reconnaissance).

Ke hoʻohana nei ka pūʻali koa Hungarian i ka wā hoʻihoʻi i ka pahu Turan II; kau 1944

ʻAʻole kaulana loa ke komo ʻana o Hungary i ke kaua i ka lehulehu. No laila ua hoʻomaka ʻo Regent Horthy i nā kūkākūkā malū me nā Allies e haʻalele i ke kaua kaulana ʻole a kau inoa i kahi maluhia kaʻawale. Ua ʻike ʻo Berlin i kēia mau hana, a ma Malaki 19, 1944, hoʻomaka ka Operation Margaret. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Adimarala Horthy ma lalo o ka hale paʻahao, a ua hopu ke aupuni papeti i ka mana ma ka ʻāina. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā pahu no ka pūʻali Hungarian. Ma lalo o ke kaomi ʻana mai Kelemania, ua hoʻouna ke kauoha Hungarian i 150 mau koa a me nā luna o ka pūʻali koa 000 (luna: General Lajos Veress von Dalnoki) e hoʻopili i ka hakahaka ma ka laina mua hikina i kū mai ma ke komohana hema o Ukraine, ma lalo o ka poʻe Carpathians. He ʻāpana ʻo ia o ka pūʻali koa "Northern Ukraine" (luna: Field Marshal Walter Model).

Ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe Kelemania e hoʻonohonoho hou i ka pūʻali Hungarian. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ke keʻena kiʻekiʻe, a ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana i nā māhele mālama hou. Ma ka huina, i ka makahiki 1944-1945, ua hoolako aku na Kelemania ia Hungary me 72 PzKpfw IV H tanks (52 in 1944 and 20 in 1945), 50 StuG III G assault guns (1944), 75 Hetzer tank destroyers (1944-1945). ʻoiai he heluna liʻiliʻi loa o nā pahu kaʻa Pantera G, ʻehiku paha (he mau mea hou aʻe paha), a me Tygrys, i loaʻa i nā kaʻa pale kaua Hungarian, he 13 mau ʻāpana. Ma muli o ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea kaua Kelemania i hoʻonui ʻia ai ka ikaika kaua o ka 1st and 2nd Panzer Divisions. Ma waho aʻe o nā pahu kaʻa Turan I a me Turan II o kā lākou hoʻolālā ponoʻī, ua hoʻolako ʻia lākou me nā German PzKpfw III M a me PzKpfw IV H. Ua hana pū nā Hungarians i ʻewalu mau māhele o nā pū hoʻokele ponoʻī i hoʻolako ʻia me nā pū German StuG III a me Hungarian Zrinyi.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 1944, ua loaʻa i ka pūʻali Hungarian he 66 Toldi I a me II tank a me 63 Toldi IIa tanks. Ua hoʻouna ʻia ka Hungarian 1st Cavalry Division e kaua i ka poʻe partisans ma ka hikina Polani, akā pono e pale aku i ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka Pūʻali Ula i ka wā o Operation Bagration ma ke ʻano he pūʻali pūʻali koa. I ka wā o ka haʻalele ʻana mai Kletsk a hiki i Brest-on-Bug, ua nalowale ka māhele 84 Turan a me 5 Toldi pahu. Ua hoʻoikaika ka poʻe Kelemania i ka māhele me ka pākaukau Marder a hoʻouna iā ia i ka wahi o Warsaw. I ka malama o Sepatemaba 1944, ua hoounaia ka 1st Cavalry Division i Hungary a ua lilo ka 1st Hussars i kona wahi.

ʻO nā kaʻa kaʻa Turan II no ka mahele kaua kaua Hungarian 2; 1944

ʻO ka pūʻali koa 1, i hoʻouna ʻia i mua, ua komo pū ka 2nd Panzer Division (kapena: Colonel Ferenc Oshtavits) a me ka pūʻali koa hou 1 Assault Gun. Ma hope koke iho o ka hōʻea ʻana i mua, ua hoʻomaka ka 2nd Panzer Division i kahi hoʻouka kaua kūʻē i nā laina Soviet i mea e lawe ai i nā kūlana pale kūpono. I ka wā o ka hakakā ʻana no ke kūlana i hōʻike ʻia ʻo ke kiko o ka pā kaua 514, ua hakakā ka Hungarian Turanians me nā tank Soviet T-34/85. Ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o nā pūʻali koa Hungarian i ke ahiahi o ʻApelila 17. ʻAʻole i liuliu, ua hoʻokuʻi nā moku Hungarian Turan II me ka T-34/85, e holo wikiwiki ana e kōkua i ka pūʻali koa Soviet. Ua hoʻopau ka poʻe Hungarian i ʻelua o lākou, ua hoʻi hope ke koena. A hiki i ke ahiahi o ʻApelila 18, ua neʻe aku nā pūʻali o ka māhele ma nā ʻaoʻao he nui ma nā kūlanakauhale ʻo Nadvirna, Solotvina, Delatin a me Kolomyia. ʻO lākou a me ka 16th Infantry Division i hiki i ka laina kaʻaahi Stanislavov - Nadvorna.

ʻOiai ke kūʻē ikaika ʻana o ka Soviet 351st and 70th Infantry Divisions, i kākoʻo ʻia e nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi o ka 27th a me 8th Armored Brigades i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana, ua lawe ka 18 Reserve Hungarian Division iā Tysmenich. Ua lanakila pū ka 2nd Mountain Rifle Brigade, me ka hopu hou ʻana i ka Delatin i nalowale ma ka ʻēheu ʻākau. Ma ka lā 18 o ʻApelila, i lanakila ai ka poʻe Hungarians i ke kaua tank no Nadvirna, alualu a hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā Hungarians ma ke awāwa ʻo Prut a hiki i Kolomyia. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou i lawe i ke kūlanakauhale i pale ʻia. Ua nui loa ka lanakila Soviet. Eia kekahi, ma ka lā 20 o ʻApelila, ua hele ka 16th Infantry Division i nā wai pehu o Bystrica a hoʻopaʻa i ka pūʻali Soviet i loko o kahi ʻeke liʻiliʻi kokoke i Ottyn. 500 mau koa i hopuia, 30 pu mikini kaumaha a me 17 pu i hopuia; ʻehiku mau T-34/85 hou i luku ʻia ma ka hana. Ua nalowale ka poʻe Hungarian he 100 wale nō. Akā naʻe, ua kāpae ʻia kā lākou huakaʻi mai Kolomyia.

Ma ʻApelila 1944, ʻo ka pūʻali koa hoʻouka kaua mua ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Kāpena M. Jozsef Barankay, nona nā pū Zrinya II i hana maikaʻi. Ma ka lā 1 o ʻApelila, ua hoʻouka ʻia ka Mahele Rifle 22 e nā kaʻa o ka 16th Tank Brigade. Ua komo nā pū hoʻoneʻe iā ia iho i ke kaua, a luku i 27 mau pahu kaʻa T-17/34 a ʻae i ka poʻe koa e noho iā Khelbichin-Lesny.

nā pū hoʻoneʻe iā ia iho "Zrinyi II" me ka pūʻali koa ma ka pale; ka hopena o ke kauwela 1944

ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua o ʻApelila o ka pūʻali koa mua i hoʻokō i kāna hana nui - e pine i nā pūʻali Soviet. Ua koi pū ʻo ia i ka Red Army e hana hou aku i nā ʻāpana ma ka ʻāina ʻo Kolomyia. Hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia ka hoʻomau o ka laina mua. Eia naʻe, ua kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai i uku ʻia e ka pūʻali koa 1. He ʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia no ka 1nd Panzer Division, i nalowale ʻewalu mau pahu kaʻa Turán I, ʻeiwa mau pahu Turan II, ʻehā Toldi, ʻehā Nimrod pū hoʻokele ponoʻī a me ʻelua mau kaʻa kaua Csaba. Nui nā pahu kaʻa ʻē aʻe i pōʻino a i ʻeha paha a pono e hoʻihoʻi ʻia no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana. Ua lilo ka māhele i 2% o kāna mau pahu no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ua hiki i nā moku holo moku Hungarian ke hoʻopaʻa i kā lākou moʻokāki he 80 mau kaʻa ʻenemi i luku ʻia, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he T-27/34 a ma kahi o hoʻokahi M85 Sherman. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i ka Māhele Panzer 4 ke hopu iā Kolomyia, ʻoiai me ke kākoʻo ʻana o nā pūʻali koa Hungarian ʻē aʻe.

No laila, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hui ʻana o nā pūʻali Hungarian a me Kelemania, i hoʻomaka i ka pō o ʻApelila 26-27 a hiki i Mei 2, 1944. ʻO ka pūʻali koa pahu koʻikoʻi he 73, i alakaʻi ʻia e kekahi kāpena, ua komo i loko. ʻO Rolf Mai iaʻu. Ma waho aʻe o nā kaʻa kaʻa Kelemania, ʻo ka 19th squadron o Lieutenant Erwin Schildey (mai ka hui 503rd o ka 2nd battalion o ka regiment armored 3rd armored regiment) i komo i nā kaua, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻehiku mau pahu Turán II. I ka pau ʻana o ke kaua ma ka lā 1 o Mei, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka hui, ʻo ia hoʻi ka 3rd squadron, ma hope o Nadvirna.

ʻO nā kaua o ka 2nd Panzer Division mai ʻApelila 17 a hiki i Mei 13, 1944 he 184 i make, 112 i nalowale a 999 i ʻeha. Ua loaʻa i ka regiment rifle kaʻa ʻekolu i ka pohō nui loa, 3 mau koa a me nā luna i hoʻihoʻi ʻia mai kāna hana ʻana. Ua mahalo ʻia nā alakaʻi kahua kaua Kelemania i hakakā pū me ka māhele kauaka Hungarian i ka wiwo ʻole o ko lākou mau hoa. Pono e ʻoiaʻiʻo ka ʻae ʻana, ʻoiai ua kauoha ʻo Marshal Walter Model, ka luna o ka Northern Ukraine Army Group, e hoʻoneʻe i nā mea hana i ka 1000nd Panzer Division, me kekahi mau pū hoʻouka kaua StuG III, 2 PzKpfw IV H tanks a me 10 Tigers (ma hope mai he mau pū. ʻekolu ʻē aʻe). Ua hele nā ​​moku moku Hungarian i kahi kau hoʻomaʻamaʻa pōkole ma hope o ka Hikina Hikina. Ua hele na kaa i ka hui 10 o ka bataliona 3. ʻO ka hope ma kahi pā me ka 1nd squadron o Lieutenant Erwin Shielday a me ka 2rd squadron o Kāpena S. Janos Vedress.

Ua komo nā pahu "Tiger" i kēia ʻāpana no ke kumu. ʻO Shields, he ace o nā pūʻali koa Hungarian, he 15 i luku ʻia i nā kaʻa kaua kaua a me nā pū kaua anti-tank. Ua loaʻa pū i kāna hui nā pahu Pantera, PzKpfw IV a me Turán II. ʻO ka Lutanela ka mea mua i alakaʻi i kāna platun me ʻelima "tigers" i ka hoʻouka kaua. Ma ka lā 15 o Mei, loaʻa i ka 2nd Panzer Division ʻekolu pahu Panther a me ʻehā mau kaʻa Tiger i mālama ʻia. Aia nā Panthers i loko o ka Battalion 2 o ka Regiment Tank 23rd. Ma ka lā 26 o Mei, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka helu o nā mea hope i ka 10. I Iune, ʻaʻohe Tigers i ka mahele. Mai ka lā 11 o Iulai wale nō, e hōʻike hou ʻia ana ʻeono mau pahu lawelawe o kēia ʻano, a ma Iulai 16 - ʻehiku. I ka malama hookahi, ua haawi hou ia aku he ekolu "Tigers" i na Hungarians, no ka mea, ua hoonuiia ka huina o na kaa i haawiia e na Kelemania i ka 13. A hiki i ka lua o ka pule o Iulai, ua hiki i na luina o ka Hungarian "Tigers" luku ʻehā mau T-34/85, mau pū anti-tank, a hoʻopau pū i kekahi mau bunkers a me nā puʻu kaua. Ua hoʻomau ka hakakā kūlana.

I Iulai, ua hoʻonoho ʻia ka 1st Army ma Carpathians, ma ka Yavornik massif, ma kahi kūlana nui ma mua o ka Tatarka Pass ma Gorgany. ʻOiai ke kākoʻo mau ʻana o ka ʻāina, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻāpana 150-kilomita o ka ʻaoʻao hikina, kahi pōkole no nā kūlana o ka Hikina Hikina. Ua neʻe ka pā o ka 1st Ukrainian Front i Lvov a me Sandomierz. I ka lā 23 o Iulai, ua hoʻomaka ka Red Army i ka hoʻouka kaua ma nā kūlana Hungarian. Ma hope o ʻekolu mau lā o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana, pono ka poʻe Hungarian e hoʻi hope. ʻEkolu lā ma hope mai, ma kahi o ke alanui nui e hiki aku ai i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Nadvorna, ua luku ʻia e kekahi o nā "Tigers" Hungarian ke kolamu Soviet a hoʻouka i kahi hoʻouka kaua iā ia iho, a i ka wā i luku ai ʻo ia i ʻewalu mau kaʻa ʻenemi. he mau pu a he nui na kaa. Ua loaʻa ʻo Crew gunner Istvan Lavrenchik i ka Medal Gula "No ka Courage". ʻO ke koena o nā luina o ka "Tiger" i hoʻopaʻa pū.

Hoʻohālikelike o ka pahu Turan II me ka papahana pahu kaumaha M.44 Tas; 1945

ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana a nā Tigers Hungarian ma ka ʻākau o Cherneev i hoʻopau i ka pōʻino mai Stanislavov, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa no ka manawa. I kekahi lā aʻe, Iulai 24, hoʻouka hou nā pūʻali Soviet a uhaʻi i nā pale. ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o nā "tigers" Hungarian i mea liʻiliʻi i kōkua. Kapena hui 3. ʻO Miklos Mathiashi, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hana akā e hoʻolohi i ka neʻe ʻana o nā pūʻali Soviet a uhi i kona hoʻi hope. Ua lanakila ʻo Lieutenant Shieldday i kāna lanakila kaulana loa ma ke kaua ʻo Hill 514 kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Staurnia. ʻO ka "Tiger", i kauoha ʻia e ka luna platoon, a me kekahi mīkini ʻē aʻe o kēia ʻano, ua luku aku i 14 mau kaʻa ʻenemi ma lalo o ka hapalua hola. ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua Soviet, i mau a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻAukake, koi ʻia nā Hungarians e hoʻi i ka laina Hunyade (ka ʻāpana ʻĀkau Carpathian o ka palena ʻo Hungarian). Ua lilo ka pūʻali koa Hungaria he 30 mau luna a me nā koa i kēia mau kaua.

make, ʻeha a nalowale.

Ma hope o ka hoʻoikaika ʻia ʻana e nā māhele Kelemania ʻelua, ua paʻa ka laina pale me ka hoʻouka pinepine ʻana o nā ʻenemi, ʻoi aku ka Dukla Pass. I loko o kēia mau kaua, pono nā hui Hungarian e puhi i ʻehiku "Tigers" ma muli o nā pilikia ʻenehana a me ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻoponopono iā lākou i kahi hoʻi. ʻEkolu wale nō kaʻa kaʻa mākaukau kaua i wehe ʻia. Ua olelo mai na hoike o Augate o ka 2nd Panzer Division, aole he Tiger makaukau kaua i kela manawa, hookahi wale no memo i hoike mai i ekolu pahu o keia ano i makaukau ole a me ka nele o na Panthers. ʻAʻole ia he manaʻo ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka hope. Ma ka lā 14 o Kepakemapa, ua hōʻike hou ʻia ʻelima Panthers i ke kūlana hana. Ma ka lā 30 o Kepakemapa, ua hoʻemi ʻia kēlā helu i ʻelua.

ʻO nā moku holo moku Kelemania a me Hungarian ma ka pahu kaumaha "Tiger" o ka pūʻali Hungarian; 1944

I ka wā i komo ai ʻo Romania i ka USSR ma ʻAukake 23, 1944, ua ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kūlana o ka poʻe Hungarian. Ua koi ʻia ka pūʻali koa Hungarian e hana i kahi hui holoʻokoʻa a hana i nā ʻano hoʻouka kaua kūʻē i nā pūʻali koa Romania i mea e paʻa ai ka laina o ka Carpathians. Ma ka la 5 o Sepatemaba, ua komo ka 2nd Panzer Division i na kaua me na Romanians kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Torda. Ma ka la 9 o Augate, ua lako ka 3 Panzer Regiment o ka 2nd Panzer Division me 14 Toldi I, 40 Turan I, 14 Turan II, 10 PzKpfw III M, 10 PzKpfw IV H, XNUMX StuG III G na pu hoouka a me XNUMX mau pahu Tiger. ʻEkolu hou i manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole kūpono no ke kaua.

I Kepakemapa, ma ka moʻolelo o ka māhele a me ka pūʻali koa o Lutena Shieldai, aia nā pahu Panther, akā ʻaʻohe Tiger. Ma hope o ka nalowale ʻana o nā "Tigers" a pau, no nā kumu ʻenehana a me ka nele o ka wahie i ka uhi ʻana i ka hoʻi hope o nā ʻāpana Hungarian, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo "Panthers" iā ia. I ʻOkakopa, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā Panthers i hoʻokahi pahu i ʻekolu. Ua hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia kēia mau kaʻa. ʻO kā lākou mau luina, me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ua hoʻokō lākou i ka luku ʻana i 16 mau kaʻa Soviet, 23 mau pū anti-tank, 20 pūnana o nā pū mīkini koʻikoʻi, a ua lanakila pū lākou i ʻelua mau pūʻali koa hele wāwae a me kahi pākahi o nā mea hoʻokuʻu kiʻi pū. Ua kikeke pololei ʻia kekahi o nā pū e nā kaʻa o Shildi i ka wā e haki ai i nā laina Soviet. Ua komo ka 1st Panzer Division i nā kaua no Arad mai ka lā 13 Kepakemapa a hiki i ka 8 ʻOkakopa. Ma ka waena o Sepatemaba, ua komo ka Red Army i ke kaua ma kēia māhele o mua.

I ka hopena o Kepakemapa 1944, ua hoʻoweliweli pololei ʻia ʻo Hungary, ka mea pale hope loa ma ke ala i ka palena hema o Kelemania, e ka neʻe ʻana o ka Red Army mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu. ʻO ka hōʻeuʻeu Soviet-Romanian i ka hāʻule, ʻoiai ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mālama mālama āpau e ka Hungarians, ʻaʻole i paʻa i ka Carpathians. I loko o nā kaua ikaika ma Arad (Sepatemaba 25 - ʻOkakopa 8), ʻo ka Hungarian 1st Panzer Division, i kākoʻo ʻia e ka 7th Assault Gun Battalion, ua luku aku ma mua o 100 mau kaʻa kaua Soviet. Ua hiki i na ohua o na pu hoouka o ka bataliona ke haawi aku i 67 mau pahu kaa T-34/85 i ko lakou moohelu, a he mau kakini hou o keia ano i kakauia i poino a i lukuia paha.

Ua hele nā ​​ʻāpana o Marshal Malinovsky i ka palena ʻo Hungarian ma ʻOkakopa 5, 1944. I ka lā aʻe, ua hoʻouka kaua ʻelima mau pūʻali Soviet, me kahi pūʻali koa hoʻokahi, e kūʻē iā Budapest. Ua kūʻē ka pūʻali koa Hungarian. No ka laʻana, i ka wā o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana ma ka muliwai ʻo Tisza, ʻo ka pākaukau o ka 7th Assault Gun Battalion, ʻo Lieutenant Sandor Söke, i kākoʻo ʻia e kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā pūʻali koa a me nā mākaʻi pūʻali koa, ua hoʻokau nui i nā pohō ma luna o ka pūʻali koa a luku a hopu ʻia paha ʻo T-34 /. 85 kaʻa, nā pū hoʻokele ponoʻī SU-85, ʻekolu pū anti-tank, ʻehā pahu, 10 pū mīkini kaumaha, 51 mau mea lawe a me kahi kaʻa, 10 mau kaʻa ma waho o ke alanui.

I kekahi manawa, hōʻike ka poʻe pūʻali koa i ka wiwo ʻole me ka pale ʻole ʻia e ka pale o kā lākou mau kaʻa. ʻEhā mau pahu pahu mai ka 10th Assault Gun Battalion ma lalo o ke kauoha a CPR. Ua hana ʻo Jozsef Buzhaki ma hope o nā laina ʻenemi, kahi āna i noho ai ma mua o hoʻokahi pule. Ua hōʻiliʻili lākou i nā ʻike waiwai nui e pili ana i nā pūʻali a me nā hoʻolālā o ka ʻenemi, a ʻo kēia mau mea a pau me ka make ʻana o kahi mea make. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kūleʻa kūloko ke hoʻololi i ke kūlana maikaʻi ʻole ma mua.

I ka hapa lua o ʻOkakopa, ua lilo ka Hungarian Nazis mai ka Arrow Cross Party (Nyilaskeresztesek - Hungarian National Socialist Party) o Ferenc Salas i ka mana ma Hungary. Ua kauoha koke lākou i ka hoʻouluulu lehulehu a hoʻoikaika i kā lākou hana ʻino ʻana i ka poʻe Iudaio, ka poʻe i loaʻa mua i ke kūʻokoʻa pili. Ua kāhea ʻia nā kāne a pau ma waena o nā makahiki he 12 a me 70 i ke kaua. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, ua hoʻonoho nā Hungarians i ʻehā mau māhele hou i ka poʻe Kelemania. Ua hoʻemi mālie ʻia nā pūʻali koa Hungarian maʻamau, e like me ke keʻena o ka mahele. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā hui Kelemania-Hungarian hou. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ke keʻena kiʻekiʻe a ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā māhele mālama hou.

Ma ʻOkakopa 10-14, 1944, ua ʻoki ʻia ka pūʻali koa lio o General Piev mai ka 2nd Ukrainian Front, e neʻe ana ma Debrecen, e ka Fretter-Pico Army Group (German 6th a me Hungarian 3rd pūʻali), ka hapa nui o ka 1st Hussar division, 1st. Mahele Laikaua. mahele a me ka 20th Infantry Division. Ua lilo kēia mau pūʻali koa iā Nyiregyhaza i ka lā 22 ʻOkakopa, akā ua hoʻopio hou ʻia ke kūlanakauhale ma ka lā 26 ʻOkakopa. Ua hoʻouna nā Hungarians i nā ʻāpana āpau i loaʻa i mua. Ua hāʻawi manawaleʻa ka poʻe hōʻoluʻolu e pale i ko lākou ʻāina hānau, ʻoiai ʻo ka ace ʻelua ʻeha o nā kaʻa kaua Hungarian, ʻo Lieutenant Erwin Shieldey, ua koi ʻo ia e noho ma ka pūʻali koa. Ma ka la 25 o Okatoba, ma ka hema o Tisapolgar, kona hui, a o ia iho paha ma ke poo, ua luku aku i elua mau pahu pahu T-34/85 a me elua mau pu hookuonoono i ka hoouka kaua ana, a ua luku a hoopio paha i eono mau pu anti-tank a me ekolu morta. . ʻElima mau lā ma hope mai, ua hoʻopuni ʻia ka pūʻali koa ma ia wahi e nā pūʻali koa Red Army i ka pō. Akā naʻe, ua pakele ʻo ia mai ka hoʻopuni ʻana. ʻO nā kaʻa kaʻa Hungarian a me nā pū hoʻouka kaua, i kākoʻo ʻia e ka poʻe koa hele wāwae, ua luku i kahi pūʻali koa Soviet i ke kaua ma ka pāpū. I loko o kēia kaua, ua pā ka Pantera Shieldaya e kekahi pū anti-tank mai kahi mamao o 25 m wale nō. I ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka hoʻouka kaua, kāhāhā ka poʻe Hungarian i ka pā kaua Soviet i ka huakaʻi a luku iā ia.

ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana iā Budapest he mea koʻikoʻi nui ia no Stalin. Ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻino ma ʻOkakopa 30, 1944, a ma Nowemapa 4, ua hōʻea kekahi mau kolamu Soviet i waho o ke kapikala Hungarian. Akā naʻe, ua hāʻule ka hoʻāʻo e hopu koke i ke kūlanakauhale. ʻO ka poʻe Kelemania a me Hungarian, e hoʻohana ana i ka manawa hoʻomaha, hoʻonui i kā lākou mau laina pale. Ma ka lā 4 o Kekemapa, ua neʻe aku nā pūʻali koa Soviet mai ka hema mai i Lake Balaton, ma hope o ke kapikala Hungarian. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻouka ʻo Marshal Malinovsky i ke kūlanakauhale mai ka ʻākau.

Ua hoʻonoho ʻia nā hui Hungarian a me Kelemania e pale i ke kapikala Hungarian. Na SS Obergruppenführer Karl Pfeffer-Wildenbruch i kauoha i ka pūʻali koa Budapest. ʻO nā hui nui Hungarian: I Corps (1st Armored Division, 10th Infantry Division (mixed), 12th Reserve Infantry Division and 20th Infantry Division), Bilnitzer Artillery Assault Battle Group (1st Battalion armored cars, 6th, 8th and 9th assault artillery battalion) , Mahele 1 hussar (kekahi mau pūʻulu) a me 1st, 7th a me 10th assault battalions. Ua kākoʻo ikaika nā pū hoʻouka kaua i nā mea pale, me nā pūʻulu kaua mākaʻi i ʻike maikaʻi i ke kūlanakauhale a loaʻa iā lākou nā pahu L3 / 35. ʻO nā pūʻali Kelemania o ka pūʻali koa Budapest ʻo ia ka hui mauna IX SS. He 188 mau koa i hoopuniia.

ʻO ka pūʻali koa Hungarian nui wale nō e hana mau nei ʻo ia ka 2nd Panzer Division. Ua kaua ʻo ia ma ke komohana komohana o Budapest, ma nā mauna ʻo Vertes. ʻAʻole koke ʻo ia e neʻe e hoʻopakele i ke kūlanakauhale. ʻO nā ʻāpana pale kaua Kelemania e holo wikiwiki i ka hoʻopakele. Ua hoʻoholo ʻo Hitler e hoʻihoʻi i ka 1945th SS Panzer Corps mai ka wahi ʻo Warsaw a hoʻouna aku i mua o Hungarian. E hoʻohui ʻia me ka XNUMXth SS Panzer Corps. ʻO kā lākou pahuhopu ka wehe ʻana i ke kūlanakauhale i hoʻopilikia ʻia. I Ianuali XNUMX, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo SS Panzer Corps i ʻekolu manawa e wāwahi i ke kapikala Hungarian i hoʻopilikia ʻia ma ke komohana o Budapest.

Ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻouka kaua mua ma ka pō o Ianuali 2, 1945 ma ka ʻāpana Dunalmas-Banchida. Ua hoʻonoho ʻia ka 6th SS Panzer Corps me ke kākoʻo o ka 3rd Army of General Hermann Balck, he ʻehiku mau māhele panzer a me ʻelua mau māhele kaʻa, me nā mea i koho ʻia: ʻo ka 5th SS Panzer Division Totenkopf a me ka 2nd SS Panzer Division. ʻO Viking, a me ka 31st Hungarian Panzer Division, i kākoʻo ʻia e nā pūʻali koa ʻelua o nā pahu koʻikoʻi Tiger II. Ua haki koke ka pūʻali haʻalulu i mua, i pale ʻia e ka 4th Guards Rifle Corps, a wili i loko o ka pale o ka 27th Guards Army i kahi hohonu o 31-210 km. Aia kahi pilikia pilikia. Ua waiho ʻia nā wahi pale anti-tank me ke kākoʻo ʻole o ka poʻe hele wāwae a ua hoʻopuni ʻia a puni paha. I ka hiki ʻana o ka poʻe Kelemania i ka ʻāina ʻo Tatabanya, ua hoʻoweliweli maoli ʻia ko lākou holomua ʻana i Budapest. Ua hoʻolei aku nā Soviets i mau mahele hou aku i ka hoʻouka kaua, 1305 mau pahu, 5 mau pū a me nā morta i hoʻohana ʻia e kākoʻo iā lākou. Mahalo i kēia, ma ke ahiahi o Ianuali XNUMX, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hoʻouka kaua Kelemania.

Ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana ma ka ʻāpana o ka 31st Guards Rifle Corps, ua hoʻoholo ke kauoha Kelemania e uhaki i Budapest ma o nā kūlana o ka 20th Guards Rifle Corps. No kēia, ʻelua mau māhele SS Panzer a me kahi hapa o ka Hungarian 2nd Panzer Division i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ma ke ahiahi o Ianuali 7, ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻouka kaua Kelemania-Hungarian. ʻOiai ka hoʻopiʻi nui ʻana o nā pūʻali Soviet, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā kaʻa kaua, ʻo nā hoʻāʻo āpau e wehe i ke kapikala Hungarian i pau i ka hāʻule. Ua hiki i ka pūʻali koa "Balk" ke hopu hou i ke kauhale o Szekesfehervar. Ma ka lā 22 o Ianuali, ua hōʻea ʻo ia i ka Danube a ua emi iho ma mua o 30 km mai Budapest.

ʻO ka pūʻali koa "South", i noho i nā kūlana mai Dekemaba 1944, ʻo ia hoʻi: ka German 8th Army ma ka ʻĀkau Transdanubian Territory; Pūʻali Koa Balk (Kelemānia 6th Army and Hungarian 2nd Corps) ma ka ʻākau o Lake Balaton; 2nd Panzer Army me ke kākoʻo o ka Hui Hungarian 1945 ma ka hema o ka Transdanubian Territory. Ma ka Pūʻali Pūʻali Balk, ua hakakā ka German LXXII Army Corps i ka St. Laszlo Division a me nā koena o ka 6th Armored Division. I ka lā 20 o Pepeluali, ua kākoʻo ʻia kēia mau pūʻali koa e ka pūʻali koa SS Panzer 15, nona nā māhele panzer ʻekolu. ʻO ka XNUMXth Assault Gun Battalion ma lalo o ke kauoha a Major. ʻO ka József Henkey-Hing ka pūʻali hope loa o kēia ʻano ma ka pūʻali koa Hungarian. Ua komo ʻo ia i ka Operation Spring Awakening me XNUMX Hetzer tank destroyers. Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kēia hana, e loaʻa hou i kēia mau pūʻali ka mana o nā māla aila Hungarian.

Ma ka waena o Malaki i ka makahiki 1945, ua pio ke kaua hope loa o Kelemania ma Lake Balaton. Ke hoʻopau nei ka Pūʻali Ulaula i ka naʻi ʻana o Hungary. Ua haki kona mau pūʻali koa kiʻekiʻe ma waena o ka Hungarian a me Kelemania i nā mauna ʻo Vertesz, e hoʻokuke ana i ka German 6th SS Panzer Army i ke komohana. Me ka paʻakikī nui, ua hiki ke haʻalele i ke alahaka Kelemania-Hungarian ma Gran, i kākoʻo nui ʻia e nā pūʻali koa o ka 3rd Army. I ka waena o Malaki, ua hele ka pūʻali koa Hema i ka pale: ua kū ka pūʻali 8 i nā kūlana ma ka ʻākau o ka Danube, a ʻo ka Balk Army Group, ʻo ia hoʻi ka 6th Army a me 6th Army, ua kū i nā kūlana ma ka hema o ia wahi i Lake Balaton. Tank Army SS, a me ke koena o ka Hungarian 3rd Army. Ma ka hema o Lake Balaton, ua paʻa nā kūlana e nā hui o ka 2nd Panzer Army. I ka lā i hoʻomaka ai nā pūʻali Soviet i kā lākou hoʻouka kaua ʻana ma Vienna, ʻo nā kūlana koʻikoʻi Kelemania a me Hungarian aia ma kahi hohonu o 5 a 7 km.

Ma ka laina nui o ka neʻe ʻana o ka Red Army he mau pūʻulu o ka 23rd Hungarian Corps a me ka 711th German SS Panzer Corps, ʻo ia hoʻi: ka 96th Hungarian Infantry Division, ka 1 a me 6th Infantry Division, ka 3 Hungarian Hussar Division, ka 5 Panzer Mahele, ka 2nd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf", ka 94th SS Panzer Division "Viking" a me ka 1231st Hungarian Panzer Division, a me kekahi mau pūʻali koa liʻiliʻi a me nā pūʻulu kaua, i waiho pinepine ʻia mai nā mea i luku ʻia ma nā wahi kaua. ʻO kēia pūʻali koa he 270 mau pūʻali koa hele wāwae a me nā bataliona kaʻa me XNUMX mau pū a me nā pahu. Ua loaʻa i ka poʻe Kelemania a me Hungarians he XNUMX mau pahu a me nā pū hoʻokele ponoʻī.

Ma Malaki 16, 1945, ua hāʻawi ka Red Army i ka hahau me nā pūʻali o ka 46th Army, ka 4th a me ka 9th Guards Army, i manaʻo ʻia e hiki koke i ka Danube kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Esztergom. ʻO kēia ʻāpana hana ʻelua me nā limahana piha a me nā mea hana i hana ʻia e hahau i nā ʻāpana o ka 431st SS Panzer Corps ma kahi ma waena o nā wahi noho o Szekesfehervar - Chakberen. Wahi a ka ʻikepili Soviet, ua loaʻa i ke kino he 2 pū a me kahi howitzer. ʻO kāna pūʻulu kaua penei: ma ka ʻēheu hema ʻo ka 5th Hungarian Panzer Division (4 mau māhele, 16 mau pū pahu a me 3 Turan II pahu), ma ke kikowaena - ka 5th SS Panzer Division "Tontenkopf", a ma ka ʻēheu ʻākau - Mahele Panzer 325. SS Panzer Division Viking. Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoikaika, ua loaʻa i ke kino ka 97th Assault Brigade me nā pū XNUMX a me nā pūʻulu kākoʻo ʻē aʻe.

Ma Malaki 16, 1945, ua hoouka aku ka 2 a me 3 Ukrainian Fronts i ka 6th SS Panzer Army a me ka Balk Army Group, hopu ia Szombathely ma Malaki 29, a me Sopron i ka la 1 o Aperila. I ka pō o Malaki 21-22, ua hoʻopiʻi ke kaua Soviet ma waena o ka Danube i nā laina pale o nā Germans a me Hungarians ma ka laina Balaton-Lake Velences, kokoke i Esztergom. Ua ʻike ʻia ua loaʻa i ka Hungarian 2nd Panzer Division ka pohō nui loa mai ke ahi ʻino. ʻAʻole hiki i kona mau pūʻali ke hoʻopaʻa i ko lākou mau kūlana, a ua hoʻokō maʻalahi nā ʻāpana holomua o ka Pūʻali Ula i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Chakberen. Ua holo wikiwiki nā pūʻali koa Kelemania e kōkua, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa. Ua liʻiliʻi loa lākou e hoʻōki i ka hoʻouka kaua Soviet no ka manawa pōkole. ʻO kekahi wale nō o kona mau ʻāpana, me ka pilikia nui a me ka nui o nā poho, i pakele mai ka pilikia. E like me ke koena o na puali Hungarian a me Geremania, e hele ana lakou i ke komohana. Ma ka lā 12 o ʻApelila, hōʻea ka pūʻali koa Balk i nā palena o Austria, kahi i pio koke ai.