ʻO nā mokuʻāina hea ka nui o nā kaʻa uila?

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua uhi nui ʻia nā kaʻa uila, ʻaʻole ka liʻiliʻi ma muli o ko lākou ulu nui ʻana. Ke hoʻololi nei nā ʻAmelika ma waena o ʻAmelika i nā kaʻa uila (EVs). Aia nā kumu like ʻole no kēia, akā ʻo ka mea nui ka makemake e hōʻemi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka wahie a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoikaika kālā i hāʻawi ʻia e nā mokuʻāina a me nā aupuni pekelala.

Ua lilo i ʻike maʻamau ʻo Kaleponi ka mokuʻāina kahi i kaulana loa ai nā kaʻa uila, me nā ʻāpana 400,000 i kūʻai ʻia ma waena o 2008 a me 2018. Ma hea nā wahi maikaʻi loa e noho ai ma US inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi kaʻa uila? ʻO wai nā mokuʻāina i loaʻa ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa loa o ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana a i ʻole ka nui o nā hale hoʻoili?

Ua hōʻiliʻili mākou i ka nui o ka ʻikepili e hoʻonoho i kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina ʻo US e like me nā helu ʻokoʻa, a e ʻimi i kēlā me kēia helu ʻikepili i nā kikoʻī ma lalo.

Ke kūʻai aku i nā kaʻa uila

ʻO ka wahi maopopo loa e hoʻomaka ai ʻo ia ka helu o nā kūʻai. E ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā mokuʻāina me nā mea nona ka EV e hoʻokipa iā lākou ma o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kā lākou mau lako EV, a laila e hoʻolilo i kēlā mau mokuʻāina i wahi maikaʻi loa no nā mea nona ka EV e noho ai. Eia naʻe, ʻo nā mokuʻāina me nā kūlana kūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa, he mea kupanaha, ʻo nā mokuʻāina me ka heluna nui loa. No laila ua hoʻoholo mākou e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o ke kūʻai aku i kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina ma waena o 2016 a me 2017 e ʻike ai i kahi o ka ulu ʻana o nā EV.

ʻO Oklahoma ka mokuʻāina me ka ulu kūʻai nui loa mai 2016 a 2017. He hopena maikaʻi loa kēia no ka mea ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka mokuʻāina i nā mea hoʻoikaika a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻauhau ʻauhau no ke kūʻai ʻana i kaʻa uila, e like me ka hihia ma nā mokuʻāina he nui.

ʻO ka moku'āina i ʻike i ka ulu liʻiliʻi o nā kūʻai ma waena o 2016 a me 2017 ʻo Wisconsin, me ka hāʻule o 11.4%, ʻoiai ua hāʻawi ʻia nā mea nona ka EV i nā ʻauhau ʻauhau a me nā hōʻaiʻē no ka wahie a me nā lako. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻo nā mokuʻāina ʻē aʻe wale nō i ʻike i ka hāʻule ʻana o ke kūʻai aku ʻo ia ka ʻaoʻao hema loa, e like me Georgia a me Tennessee, a i ʻole ka ʻākau loa, e like me Alaska a me North Dakota.

ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, aia ʻo Kaleponi i ka hapa haʻahaʻa o kēia ʻāpana, ʻoiai he mea hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻoiai ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā kūʻai EV ma laila.

ʻO ka kaulana o nā kaʻa uila e ka moku'āina

ʻO ke kumuhana o ke kūʻai ʻana i koi iā mākou e noʻonoʻo i nā kaʻa uila i kaulana loa i kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina. Ma hope o ka noiʻi ʻana, ua hui mākou i kahi palapala ʻāina ma lalo e hōʻike ana i ka EV i ʻimi nui ʻia ma Google ma kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina.

ʻOiai ʻo kekahi o nā kaʻa i hōʻike ʻia ma ʻaneʻi he mau kaʻa uwila kumu kūʻai kūpono e like me ka Chevy Bolt a me Kia Soul EV, ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou ma mua o ka hiki ke loaʻa. Manaʻo kekahi i ka inoa kaulana loa ʻo Tesla, no ka mea, ua like ia me kahi kaʻa uila, akā ʻo ka mea kupanaha, ʻo ka kaʻa uila kaulana loa i ka hapa nui o nā mokuʻāina ʻo BMW i8, kahi kaʻa haʻuki hybrid. ʻO Coincidentally, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kaʻa pipiʻi loa ma ka palapala ʻāina.

ʻO nā kaʻa kaulana loa ma ka 2nd a me ka 3 o ka hapa nui o nā mokuʻāina ʻo ia nā hiʻohiʻona Tesla ʻo ia ka Model X a me Model S. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i like ke kumukūʻai o kēia mau kaʻa ʻelua e like me ka i8, ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki ke wehewehe ʻia kēia mau hopena ma muli o ka nui o ka poʻe e ʻimi nei i kēia mau kaʻa ʻaʻole lākou e kūʻai maoli; e ʻimi wale ana paha lākou i ka ʻike e pili ana iā lākou ma muli o ka hoihoi.

Koina wahie - uila vs

ʻO kahi mea nui i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaʻa ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ka wahie. Manaʻo mākou he mea hoihoi ke hoʻohālikelike i ka eGallon (ke kumukūʻai no ka huakaʻi i ka mamao like me ke galani ʻaila) me ka ʻaila kuʻuna. ʻO ka mokuʻāina ʻo ia ka mokuʻāina ʻo Louisiana, he 87 keneta wale nō no ke galani. ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, ʻeha ʻia ʻo Louisiana i nā helu ʻē aʻe - no ka laʻana, ʻo ia ka 44th i ka ulu kūʻai makahiki a, e like me kā mākou e ʻike ai ma lalo nei, aia kekahi o nā helu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mokuʻāina ʻē aʻe. No laila, he mokuʻāina maikaʻi loa ia no nā kumukūʻai eGallon, akā manaʻolana ʻoe e noho ana ʻoe ma kahi kaʻa kaʻa o kekahi o nā keʻena aupuni a i ʻole e pilikia paha ʻoe.

ʻO Louisiana a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka 25 kiʻekiʻe e pili pono ana kekahi i kekahi - ʻo ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o 25 a me 1 wahi he 25 keneta wale nō. I kēia manawa, ma ka lalo 25, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hopena ...

ʻO ka mokuʻāina me nā kumu kūʻai wahie EV kiʻekiʻe loa ʻo Hawaiʻi, aia ke kumu kūʻai he $2.91 no ke galani. Ma kahi kokoke i hoʻokahi kālā ʻoi aʻe ma mua o Alaska (ka lua mai ka lalo ma kēia papa inoa), ʻaʻole ʻo Hawaiʻi i ke kūlana maikaʻi loa. Eia nō naʻe, hāʻawi ka mokuʻāina i nā hoʻoemi a me nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana no nā mea nona nā kaʻa uila: Hāʻawi ʻo Hawaiian Electric Company i nā uku manawa-o-hoʻohana no nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kūʻai aku, a hāʻawi ka mokuʻāina i nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana mai kekahi mau uku kaʻa a me ka hoʻohana manuahi ʻana o HOV. nā alahele.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoihoi i ka ʻokoʻa o ke kumukūʻai ma waena o nā kaʻa a me nā kaʻa uila inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo nei e hoʻololi i kāu kaʻa. Ma kēiaʻano,ʻo Washington ka moku'āina kiʻekiʻe, me ka nui o $ 2.40, e like me kāu e noʻonoʻo ai, e mālama i ka nui o ke kālā i ka manawa. Ma luna o kēlā ʻokoʻa nui (ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa o ka wahie uila ma ia mokuʻāina), hāʻawi pū ʻo Wakinekona i kekahi mau hōʻaiʻē ʻauhau a me kahi $500 rebate no nā mea kūʻai aku me nā loina Tier 2 kūpono, e lilo ia i mokuʻāina maikaʻi loa no nā mea nona nā kaʻa uila.

Ka helu o nā kikowaena hoʻouka

He mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wahie, ʻo ia ke kumu i helu ai mākou i kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina e ka huina o nā keʻena hoʻolimalima lehulehu. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole noʻonoʻo kēia i ka heluna kanaka - ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kahi mokuʻāina liʻiliʻi ma mua o kahi nui, no ka mea ʻaʻole pono lākou i nā helu nui. No laila, lawe mākou i kēia mau hopena a puʻunaue iā lākou e ka helu helu kanaka o ka mokuʻāina, e hōʻike ana i ka lakio o ka heluna kanaka i nā keʻena hoʻolimalima lehulehu.

Ua helu mua ʻo Vermont ma kēia ʻāpana me 3,780 poʻe ma kēlā me kēia keena hoʻoili. Ma ka hoʻokolokolo hou ʻana o ka mokuʻāina, ʻo ia wale nō ka helu 42nd ma ke ʻano o ke kumukūʻai wahie, no laila ʻaʻole ia kekahi o nā mokuʻāina haʻahaʻa loa e noho ai inā he kaʻa uila kāu. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua ʻike pū ʻo Vermont i ka ulu nui ʻana o nā kūʻai EV ma waena o 2016 a me 2017, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻolalelale i ka hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻana o nā hale EV o ka mokuʻāina. No laila, he kūlana maikaʻi paha ia e hahai ai i kona hoʻomohala ʻana.

ʻO ka mokuʻāina me ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ma kahi keʻena hoʻoili hoʻokahi, ʻo ia ʻo Alaska, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha ke noʻonoʻo ʻana he ʻeiwa wale nō nā hale hoʻolimalima lehulehu ma ka mokuʻāina holoʻokoʻa! ʻOi aku ka nāwaliwali o ke kūlana o Alaska no ka mea, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo ia ke kūlana lua ma ke ʻano o nā kumukūʻai wahie. Loaʻa iā ia ka 2nd ma ka helu o nā kūʻai kaʻa uila ma 4th makahiki a me 2017th i ka ulu kūʻai ma waena o 2nd a me 2016. Akaka, ʻaʻole ʻo Alaska ka mokuʻāina maikaʻi loa no nā mea nona nā kaʻa uila.

Hōʻike ka ʻikepili ma lalo nei i ka māhele mākeke EV o kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina (ma nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ka pākēneka o nā kaʻa kaʻa a pau i kūʻai ʻia ma 2017 he mau EV). E like me nā helu kūʻai EV, hāʻawi kēia i ka ʻike i nā mokuʻāina kahi i kaulana loa ai nā EV a no laila ʻoi aku ka manaʻo o ka hoʻomohala ʻana e pili ana i ka EV.

E like me kāu e manaʻo ai, ʻo Kaleponi ka ʻāpana mākeke kiʻekiʻe loa me 5.02%. ʻO kēia ka ʻelua o ka māhele mākeke o Wakinekona (ka lua o ka mokuʻāina nui loa), e hōʻike ana i ka nui o nā mea maʻamau i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mokuʻāina ʻē aʻe. Hāʻawi pū ʻo Kaleponi i ka nui o nā mea hoʻoikaika, nā uku, a me nā uku no ka poʻe nona nā kaʻa uila, no laila ʻaneʻane hele me ka ʻōlelo ʻole he kūlana maikaʻi kēia no nā mea nona nā kaʻa uila. ʻO nā mokuʻāina ʻē aʻe me ka māhele mākeke EV kiʻekiʻe ʻo Oregon (2%), Hawaii (2.36%) a me Vermont (2.33%).

ʻO ka mokuʻāina me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka mākeke EV ʻo Mississippi me ka huina o 0.1%, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha no ka mea ua kūʻai ʻia nā EV 128 wale nō ma 2017. E like me kā mākou i ʻike ai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mokuʻāina i ka helu ʻana o nā kikowaena uku i ka heluna kanaka a me ka ulu ʻana o ke kūʻai aku makahiki. ʻOiai he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa nā kumukūʻai wahie, ʻaʻole like kēia me kahi kūlana maikaʻi loa no nā mea nona ka EV.

hopena

No laila, me ka ʻole o ka hopohopo, eia kā mākou kauoha o nā mokuʻāina maikaʻi loa no nā mea nona ka EV. Inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike i kā mākou ʻano hana no ka hana ʻana i nā loiloi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana pēlā ma lalo o ka ʻatikala.

ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ʻaʻole i puka mai ʻo Kaleponi ma luna—ʻo Oklahoma ka mokuʻāina ʻo 1st-place! ʻOiai ʻo ia ka hapa liʻiliʻi loa o ka mākeke EV o nā mokuʻāina he 50, ua kiʻekiʻe ʻo ia ma muli o nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o nā kikowaena hoʻoili pili i ka heluna kanaka. Ua ʻike pū ʻo Oklahoma i kāna ulu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa mai 2016 a 2017, hāʻawi iā ia i ka lanakila. Hōʻike kēia he mana nui ʻo Oklahoma ma ke ʻano he mokuʻāina no nā mea nona nā kaʻa uila e noho ai. E hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka mokuʻāina i nā pōmaikaʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻoikaika i kona poʻe kamaʻāina e kūʻai i kaʻa uila, ʻoiai e loli paha kēia i ka manawa.

Aia ʻo Kaleponi ma kahi ʻelua. ʻOiai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mākeke EV kiʻekiʻe loa a ʻo kekahi o ka helu kiʻekiʻe loa o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ke kahua-i-ka heluna kanaka, ua pilikia ka mokuʻāina mai ka awelika o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka wahie a me ka ulu ʻana o ke kūʻai ʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma 2-2016.

ʻO ka helu 3 e hele i Wakinekona. ʻOiai he awelika kāna māhele kūʻai EV a ʻaʻole ikaika ka ulu ʻana o ke kūʻai ʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ua hoʻopau ʻia kēia e ka hapa nui o nā hale hoʻoili e pili ana i ka heluna kanaka, a me nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, inā hoʻololi ʻoe i kahi kaʻa uila ma Wakinekona, e mālama ʻoe i $2.40 no ke galani, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me $28 a $36 no ka pahu, ma muli o ka nui o ke kaʻa. I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i nā mokuʻāina ʻaʻole kūleʻa ...

ʻAʻole kahaha nui nā hopena ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka pae. ʻO Alaska ka pae hope loa me nā helu 5.01 wale nō. ʻOiai he awelika wale nō ke kumukūʻai o ka wahie o ka mokuʻāina, ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa kāna hana ma nā kumu ʻē aʻe: ua kokoke loa ia i ka lalo o ka māhele mākeke EV a me ka ulu ʻana o ke kūʻai aku i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoiai ʻo kona kūlana aia ma lalo o ka papa kuhikuhi. ua hoʻopaʻa nā kikowaena i kona hopena.

ʻO nā pūʻulu ʻilihune he 25 i koe e hui pū ʻia. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou i waena o nā mokuʻāina haʻahaʻa loa e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai wahie, ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma kēia ʻano. ʻO kahi e hāʻule ai lākou aia ma ka māhele mākeke (ʻo ka ʻokoʻa maoli wale nō i kēia lula ʻo Hawaiʻi).

Ua hoʻoholo mākou e kālele i nā mea liʻiliʻi e hiki ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka manaʻo o nā mokuʻāina ʻo US e makemake nui ai i nā kaʻa uila, akā he nui nā mea ʻē aʻe i hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena. He aha nā kūlana i mea nui iā ʻoe?

Inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i kā mākou ʻikepili, a me kā lākou kumu, kaomi ma aneʻi.

ʻano hana

Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻikepili āpau i luna, makemake mākou e ʻimi i kahi ala e hoʻopili ai i kēlā me kēia o kā mākou mau kikoʻī me kekahi i hiki iā mākou ke hoʻāʻo e hana i ka helu hope a ʻike i ka mokuʻāina ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā mea nona ka EV. No laila ua hoʻohālikelike mākou i kēlā me kēia mea i ke aʻo ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka normalization minimax e kiʻi i ka helu mai 10 no kēlā me kēia kumu. Aia ma lalo ke ʻano kikoʻī:

Ka hopena = (x-min(x))/(max(x)-min(x))

A laila, hōʻuluʻulu mākou i nā hopena a hiki i ka helu hope o 40 no kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina.