Hoʻoikaika i nā pūʻali māmā - Mobile Protected Firepower

Manaʻo General Dynamics Land Systems ma ka papahana MPF–Griffin. ʻO kāna mea kaua nui ʻo ia ka "māmā" 120-mm XM360 cannon, i hana ʻia ma lalo o ka papahana Future Combat Systems.

No ka manawa lōʻihi, ua lanakila ka manaʻo ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e hakakā mua ka US Army i kahi ʻenemi nāwaliwali loa ma nā ʻano āpau, kahi i "koʻi ʻia ai nā pūʻali ʻāina". ʻAʻole wale nā ​​loli geopolitical honua, akā nā hakakā asymmetric i koi ʻia e hoʻāʻo i nā kuhi hewa.

ʻO ka hopena o ke Kaua Cold i alakaʻi i ka "hoʻonui" pūʻali koa i nā ʻāina NATO, me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka USSR a me ka "hoʻopau ʻana i ka hanu" i hāʻule ai ka hoʻokele waiwai o Iapana, me he mea lā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoluliluli ʻia ka hoʻokele kaua a me ka hoʻokele waiwai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe mea i manaʻo i ka pau ʻana o nā kaua. Eia naʻe, ʻo nā hakakā nui e pili ana i nā ʻaoʻao like, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā mea kaua nuklea wale nō, akā he helu nui o nā mea kaua maʻamau o kēia wā, e lilo i moʻolelo. ʻO kekahi ʻaoʻao e lilo i mana nui, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ʻAmelika ma ke ʻano he "makai honua", i kekahi manawa i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hoa pili, a ʻo kekahi he ʻāina a i ʻole hui o nā mokuʻāina e hoʻoweliweli ana i ka pono o ka hegemon a me kahi hui o ka hui. aupuni aupuni. Ma hope o ka lanakila wikiwiki ʻana o ka "banit state" (e ʻike i ka hana "Iraqi kūʻokoʻa"), pono e neʻe mālie nā pūʻali koa o ka superpower i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Stabilization Mission. Ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka "hoʻokumu" o nā mana hou hilinaʻi a me ka noho ʻana o ka ʻāina i hoʻopio ʻia i mea e mālama ai i ka elite aliʻi hou. ʻO nā hanana ʻaoʻao i manaʻo ʻia e komo i nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa a me nā poho.

Māmā loa nā pūʻali māmā

ʻO ka mea hana nui no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ia kulekele ʻo ia nā pūʻali koa brigade māmā a me waena o ka US Army - IBCT a me SBCT (ʻoi aku ma nā ʻatikala Armored Brigade Combat Team - ka manaʻo o nā pūʻali koa a me nā mīkini o ka US Army ma WiT 2 / 2017 a me ke ala i ka Stryker Dragoon transporter ma WiT 3/2017), ma muli o kā lākou kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, hana a me ka mobility tactical. Mahalo i kēia, ʻo lākou ka mea mua e hele i mua a hiki ke kū i ka ʻenemi i kēlā me kēia kūlana. ʻO nā mea hana maʻamau o ka IBCT he mau kaʻa māmā holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻohana HMMWV a me nā kaʻa FMTV, nā pū māmā a me nā morta, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā mea hiki o ka SBCT ke hāʻawi mua ʻia e nā kaʻa kaua wili huila ʻo Stryker, nona ka M1128 MGS kaʻa kākoʻo ahi me kahi pūkuniahi 105-mm i loaʻa ka mana ahi nui loa. Eia kekahi, i ka wā i hana ʻia ai, ʻo kekahi o nā koi koʻikoʻi he mobility hoʻolālā kiʻekiʻe, pono e hoʻemi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pale kaua.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā hakakā ma Iraq a me Afghanistan ua hōʻoia koke i kēia mau manaʻo. ʻAʻole i hāʻawi ʻia nā kaʻa ʻaʻahu māmā a me nā kaʻa ʻole i ka pale kūpono no nā koa ʻAmelika (no ka mea, ua hoʻololi ʻia lākou e nā kaʻa ʻano MRAP), no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hana i hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou. Ma keʻano laulā, ua hoʻopilikia nui nā pūʻali koa Islam i ka Middle East. Ua pōʻino lākou ʻaʻole wale i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kaua anti-tank māmā, akā i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā mines a me nā mea pahū improvised (IEDs).

Ma ke ʻano he manaʻo mua, ua ʻoi aku ka manaʻo o ka poʻe ʻAmelika ma mua o ka hana ʻana ma waena o ka IBCT a me ka SBCT a me ABCT i hiki ai i nā koa o nā ʻoihana māmā ke loaʻa ke kākoʻo o nā kaʻa kaua kaua Abrams a me Bradley infantry. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻonui ʻia ke koʻikoʻi o ka nānā ʻana i ka lewa ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa mokulele ʻole a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā kiʻi satellite. Ma ka manawa like, ua ho'āʻoʻia nā manaʻo mua e pili ana i ka "modular brigade" e hiki mai ana, i manaʻoʻia e lilo i kumu o ka hoʻolālā o ka US Army ma hope o ka hoʻokōʻana i ka papahana FCS. I ka hopena, i ka makahiki 2009, ua pani ʻia ʻo FCS, a ua koho lākou e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā lako i loaʻa, ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kū'ē (e ʻike, ʻo ia hoʻi, WiT 5/2016). I ka manawa like, ua hoʻomaka nā hoʻolālā e hoʻololi i nā hanauna o nā mea kaua US Army no kahi manawa lōʻihi. ʻO ka mea pani i ka HMMWV ʻo ia ka JLTV (Joint Light Tactical Vehicle) a i ʻole Oshkosh L-ATV i kākoʻo ʻia e ka māmā akā ʻoi aku ka mobile GMV (Ground Mobility Vehicle). E hoʻonui ʻia ka hope e kahi LRV (kaʻa ʻike māmā). Pono e hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo GMV a me LRV no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wā waena, ʻo ia hoʻi ma 2022-2031. I ka manawa like, pono e hōʻike ʻia kahi kaʻa hapalua kipi, ka hapalua o ka hoʻi ʻana i nā manaʻo kahiko - ka Mobile Protected Firepower (MPF, unuhi wehe ʻia ʻo Armored Fire Support Vehicle), kahi pahu māmā no nā pūʻali mokulele.