T kaumaha kaumaha T-35
T kaumaha kaumaha T-35T-35, pahu pahu kaumaha
ʻElua 45-mm pahu wai ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā pū o ka makahiki 1932 ma nā hale kiaʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa a hiki ke puhi i mua-'ākau a i hope-hema. Ma hope o nā pūkuniahi o ka papa haʻahaʻa he mau pū mīkini. ʻO ka M-12T carburetor V-like 12-cylinder liquid-cooled engine aia ma ka hope. ʻO nā wili kākoʻo, i hoʻoulu ʻia e nā pūnāwai spiral, ua uhi ʻia me nā pale pale. Ua lako nā pahu kaʻa a pau me nā lekiō 71-TK-1 me nā antenna lima lima. ʻO nā pahu kaʻa hou loa me nā turrets conical a me nā pale ʻaoʻao hou he 55 tons ka nui a ua hoʻemi ʻia kahi hui i 9 mau kānaka. I ka huina, ma kahi o 60 mau pahu T-35 i hana ʻia. ʻO ka mōʻaukala o ka hana ʻana o ka pahu kaumaha T-35ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pahu koʻikoʻi i manaʻo ʻia e hana ma ke ʻano he kākoʻo infantry kokoke (kokoke kākoʻo infantry) a me ke kākoʻo keiki lōʻihi (kākoʻo keiki) ʻo ia ka hana wikiwiki o ka Soviet Union, i hoʻomaka ma lalo o ka hoʻolālā mua ʻelima makahiki ma 1929. Ma muli o ka hoʻokō ʻana, hiki i nā ʻoihana ke hana i nā mea hou mea kaua, pono e hoʻokō i ke aʻo ʻana o ka "kaua hohonu" i hāpai ʻia e ke alakaʻi Soviet. Ua haʻalele ʻia nā hana pahu pahu kaumaha mua ma muli o nā pilikia ʻenehana. Ua kauoha ʻia ka papahana pahu pahu kaumaha mua ma Dekemaba 1930 e ka Directorate of Mechanization and Motorization a me ka Main Design Bureau o ka Artillery Directorate. Ua koho ʻia ka papahana ʻo T-30 a ua lilo ia i mea hoʻohālikelike i nā pilikia i kū i kahi ʻāina i hoʻonohonoho i kahi papa no ka ʻoihana wikiwiki me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka ʻike loea e pono ai. E like me nā hoʻolālā mua, ua hoʻolālā ʻia e kūkulu i kahi pahu amphibious e kaupaona ana he 50,8 tons, i hoʻolako ʻia me kahi pūkuniahi 76,2 mm a me ʻelima mau pū mīkini. ʻOiai ua kūkulu ʻia kahi prototype ma 1932, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e haʻalele i ka hoʻokō hou ʻana o ka papahana ma muli o nā pilikia me ka chassis. Ma ka hale kanu Leningrad Bolshevik, ua hoʻomohala nā mea hoʻolālā OKMO, me ke kōkua o nā ʻenekini Kelemania, i ka TG-1 (a i ʻole T-22), i kapa ʻia ʻo "Grotte tank" ma hope o ka inoa o ke alakaʻi o ka papahana. ʻO ka TG he 30,4 tons ma mua o ka pae honua nā hana pahu. Ua hoʻohana nā mea hoʻolālā i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kēlā me kēia no nā wili me ka pneumatic shock absorbers. ʻO nā mea kaua he pūkuniahi 76,2 mm a me ʻelua mau pū mīkini 7,62 mm. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka pale kaua he 35 mm. Ua hana pū nā mea hoʻolālā, alakaʻi ʻia e Grotte, i nā papahana no nā kaʻa multi-turret. ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike TG-Z/T-29 he 30,4 tons i hoʻolako ʻia me hoʻokahi pūkuniahi 76,2 mm, ʻelua mau pūkuniahi 35 mm a me ʻelua mau pū mīkini. ʻO ka papahana koʻikoʻi loa ʻo ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka TG-5/T-42, ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana he 101,6 tons, me ka pūkuniahi 107 mm a me nā mea kaua ʻē aʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kekahi mau turrets. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia kekahi o kēia mau papahana no ka hana ʻana ma muli o ko lākou paʻakikī nui a i ʻole kūpono ʻole (pili kēia iā TG-5). He mea hoʻopaʻapaʻa ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i kēlā mau papahana ʻoi aku ka makemake nui akā hiki ʻole ke hoʻolako i nā ʻenekini Soviet i ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka ʻike hou aʻe ma mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hoʻolālā kūpono no ka hana ʻana i nā mīkini. ʻO ke kūʻokoʻa o ka noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea kaua he ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ke aupuni Soviet me kona mana piha.
Ma ka manawa like, ua hoʻomohala kekahi hui hoʻolālā OKMO i alakaʻi ʻia e N. Zeits i kahi papahana kūleʻa - he kaumaha kahe T-35. Ua kūkulu ʻia ʻelua prototypes i ka makahiki 1932 a me 1933. ʻO ka mua (T-35-1) he 50,8 tons he ʻelima hale kiaʻi. ʻO ka turret nui he pūkuniahi 76,2 mm PS-3, i kūkulu ʻia ma ke kumu o ka howitzer 27/32. ʻElua mau puʻukaua hou i loaʻa nā pūkuniahi 37-mm, a ʻo nā hale kiaʻi ʻelua i koe he pū mīkini. Ua lawelawe ʻia ke kaʻa e kahi ohua o 10 mau kānaka. Ua hoʻohana nā mea hoʻolālā i nā manaʻo i puka mai i ka wā o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka TG - ʻoi aku ka hoʻouna ʻana, ka mīkini ʻaila M-6, ka pahu pahu a me ka clutch.
Eia naʻe, ua kū mai nā pilikia i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. Ma muli o ka paʻakikī o kekahi mau ʻāpana, ʻaʻole kūpono ka T-35-1 no ka hana nui. ʻO ka lua o ka prototype, ʻo ka T-35-2, he mīkini M-17 ʻoi aku ka ikaika me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana, ka liʻiliʻi o nā turrets a, no laila, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o 7 mau kānaka. Ua ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka mālama ʻana. Ua hoʻonui ka mānoanoa o ka pale kaua mua i 35 mm, a ʻo ka pale kaua ʻaoʻao i 25 mm. Ua lawa kēia no ka pale ʻana i ke ahi liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻāpana pūpū. Ma ʻAukake 11, 1933, ua hoʻoholo ke aupuni e hoʻomaka i ka hana nui ʻana o ka pahu kaumaha T-35A, e noʻonoʻo ana i ka ʻike i loaʻa i ka wā e hana ana i nā prototypes. Ua hāʻawi ʻia ka hana ʻana i ka Kharkov Locomotive Plant. Ua hoʻoili ʻia nā kiʻi a me nā palapala mai ka mea kanu Bolshevik ma laila.
Ma waena o 1933 a me 1939, nui nā loli i hana ʻia i ka hoʻolālā kumu T-35. Ua lōʻihi ke kumu hoʻohālike o ka makahiki 1935 a ua loaʻa iā ia kahi turret hou i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka T-28 me kahi pūkuniahi 76,2 mm L-10. ʻElua mau pūkuniahi 45 mm, i kūkulu ʻia no nā pahu pahu T-26 a me BT-5, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ma kahi o nā pūkuniahi 37 mm ma mua a ma hope o nā pu kuniahi. I ka makahiki 1938, ua hoʻolako ʻia nā kaʻa ʻeono hope loa me nā turrets me nā mea kaua sloped ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mana o nā pū kaua anti-tank.
He ʻokoʻa nā manaʻo o nā mea kākau moʻolelo o Western a me Rūsia i ka mea i hoʻokumu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka papahana T-35. Ua ʻōlelo mua ʻia ua kope ʻia ka pahu mai ka British Vickers A-6 Independent, akā ua hōʻole nā loea Lūkini i kēia. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, akā aia nā hōʻike koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka ʻike Komohana, ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi ma muli o ka hoʻāʻo ʻole ʻana o Soviet e kūʻai i ka A-6. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mana o nā ʻenekini Kelemania e hoʻomohala nei i nā hiʻohiʻona like i ka hopena o 20s ma ko lākou kahua Kama i ka Soviet Union. ʻO ka mea maopopo, ʻo ka hōʻaiʻē ʻana i nā ʻenehana koa a me nā manaʻo mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe he hana maʻamau no ka hapa nui o nā pūʻali koa ma waena o nā kaua honua ʻelua. ʻOiai ka manaʻo e hoʻomaka i ka hana nui, ma 1933-1939. he 61 wale no i kukuluia kahe T-35. ʻO nā lohi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā pilikia like i loaʻa i ka wā o ka hana ʻana o ka "fast tank" BT a me T-26: maikaʻi ʻole ka hui ʻana a me ka maikaʻi o ka mana, maikaʻi ʻole o nā ʻāpana. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka maikaʻi o ka T-35. Ma muli o ka nui a me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka lawelawe ʻana, ua paʻakikī ka pahu i ka hoʻokele a me ka lanakila ʻana i nā pilikia. Ua paʻakikī loa ka lumi o loko o ke kaʻa, a ʻoiai e neʻe ana ka pahu, ua paʻakikī ke kī pololei ʻana mai nā pūkuniahi a me nā pū mīkini. Ua like ka nui o kekahi T-35 me ʻeiwa mau BT, no laila ua naʻauao ka USSR i nā kumuwaiwai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona kelepona. Ka hana ʻana o nā pahu T-35
Hope – Imua >> |
Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka pahu T-35 i ka makahiki 1933, ua hana ʻia kāna hana serial ma Kharkov Locomotive Plant mai 1933 a 1939. Ua lawelawe ʻia nā pahu o kēia ʻano me ka brigade mālama o nā kaʻa kaumaha o ke Kauoha Kiʻekiʻe. He hoʻolālā maʻamau ka kaʻa: aia ke keʻena hoʻomalu ma ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka hull, ʻo ke keʻena kaua ma waena, ʻo ka ʻenekini a me ka hoʻoili ʻana ma ka hope. Ua hoʻonoho ʻia nā mea kaua i ʻelua papa ma nā hale kiaʻi ʻelima. Ua kau ʻia kahi pūkuniahi 76,2 mm a me kahi pū mīkini 7,62 mm DT i loko o ka puʻupuʻu pōʻai waena.
