Ihu no ka noonoo

Ma ʻAmelika Hema, holo nā kaʻa ma ka ethanol no nā makahiki me ka ʻole o ka pilikia. Akā, ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi o kēia mea i kā mākou ʻaila hinuhinu ʻole, ʻaʻole ia i aʻa ma ʻaneʻi.

A ʻo kēia helu liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole i pau me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻole, me nā ʻōlelo e hiki ke hōʻino i nā ʻenekini.

Hiki ke loli, akā naʻe, me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā kaʻa Saab BioPower i hoʻolālā ʻia e holo ma ka ethanol, alakaʻi ʻia e ka Saab 9-5 BioPower.

ʻAʻole mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka 10%, akā ʻo E85 a i ʻole 85% ethanol maʻemaʻe, i hui pū ʻia me 15% unleaded gasoline.

ʻOiai e koi ana ka E85 i kekahi mau loli ʻenehana e holo, ʻōlelo ʻo Saab ʻaʻole ia e koi i kahi ʻenehana kūikawā. E holo kūleʻa ana nā kaʻa BioPower ma ka ʻaila a me ka ethanol, akā e koi ʻia kekahi mau hoʻololi ma mua o kou hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻopiha i ka pahu me ka ethanol ma muli o kona ʻano corrosive.

Hoʻopili kēia i ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā pahu wai ikaika a me nā noho valve, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea pono ethanol i loko o ka ʻōnaehana wahie, me ka pahu pahu, ka paila, nā laina, a me nā mea hoʻohui. I ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana, loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi wahie maʻemaʻe me ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma muli o ka helu octane kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke kūʻai aku ʻana ʻoe e puhi hou aku.

ʻO ka Ethanol kahi waiʻona i loaʻa ma ka distillation mai ka palaoa, cellulose a i ʻole ke kō. Ua hana ʻia mai ke kō ma Brazil no nā makahiki he nui, a mai ke kulina pū kekahi ma ka US Midwest.

Ma Suedena, hana ʻia ia mai ka pulp lāʻau a me ka ʻōpala o ka nahele, a ke hana ʻia nei nā noiʻi kūpono e ʻike inā hiki ke hana ʻia mai ka lignoscellulose.

Ma ke ʻano he wahie, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o ka ʻaila a me ka ethanol ʻaʻole e hoʻonui ka ethanol i nā pae kalapona kalapona (CO2).

ʻO kēia ke kumu no ka lawe ʻia ʻana o CO2 mai ka lewa i ka wā photosynthesis e nā mea kanu i ulu e hana i ka ethanol.

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki ke hoʻololi hou ʻia ka ethanol, akā ʻaʻole ka aila. Hāʻawi ʻo Saab i kēia manawa i nā mana BioPower o kāna 2.0- a me 2.3-lita turbocharged ʻehā-cylinder engines.

ʻO kā mākou kaʻa hoʻāʻo he kaʻa kaʻa 2.0-lita me "Saab BioPower" i kākau ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka maʻamau, hāʻawi kēia engine i 110kW a me 240Nm o ka torque, akā me ka octane kiʻekiʻe E85 104RON, piʻi kēlā helu i 132kW a me 280Nm.

ʻO ke kaʻa, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he nui ka zip, akā i ka manawa like, ʻike ʻia e ʻoki koke i kahi pahu piha o E85.

ʻAʻole mākou i hele i 170 km i ka wā i lilo ai ka pahu 68-lita (ʻaʻole ka 75-lita maʻamau) i ka hapalua o ka nele, a ma ka 319 km ua hele mai ke kukui wahie haʻahaʻa.

Ma 347 km, ua koi ka kamepiula ma luna o ka moku e hoʻopiha i ke kaʻa. Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā nei i nā huakaʻi lōʻihi hiki ke pilikia kēia no ka mea aia wale nō he hapalua kakini pahu hau ma New South Wales e hāʻawi ana iā E85. I ko mākou hoʻonui ʻana i ka pahu, ua hōʻike ka kamepiula ma luna o ka papa i ka hoʻohana wahie o 13.9 lita no 100 km.

Eia naʻe, paʻa wale ka pahu i ka 58.4 lita o E85, ma kā mākou helu ʻana, he 16.8 lita no 100 km - e like me ka V8 hina kahiko.

ʻAʻohe helu hoʻohana wahie kūhelu no ka 9-5 BioPower, akā no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻo ka kaʻa like me kahi ʻenekini 2.0-lita e hana ai i ka 10.6 l/100 km.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, pono e kaupaona ʻia kēia i ke kumukūʻai o E85 (85.9 keneta no ka lita ke hoʻopiha mākou) i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka petrol unleaded, i kūʻai ʻia me ka servo like no 116.9 keneta - 26.5% emi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai mākou e puhi ana i 58% hou aʻe ka wahie, ʻo 31.5% kēia ma hope o ka ʻewalu kiʻekiʻe.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Saab, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie o ka BioPower e like me ka hoʻohālike o ka petrol i ka holo holo mau. Akā i nā kūlana hoʻokele hui, hoʻohana ʻo ia ma kahi o 25-30 pākēneka hou aʻe E85. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu kalapona no ka mīkini ʻaila he 251 kalama, ʻaʻohe helu no ka ethanol.