ʻO 10 mau mea hoʻomomona nui loa o ka honua

He mea nui ka fertilizers o na hana mahiai a pau. Inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻonui i nā hua a i ʻole e hoʻonui i ka huahana, hoʻokani nā mea kanu i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻole ʻia i kēlā me kēia kumukūʻai. Hiki i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana o nā mea kanu i ka ʻāpana kūpono ke hoʻonui i ka huahana, e hāʻawi ana i kahi hopena hopena kupaianaha.

ʻOiai he nui nā ʻoihana hoʻomomona a puni ka honua e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pono o ka poʻe mahiʻai, he kakaikahi wale nō ka mea hiki ke hilinaʻi ʻia. E nānā wikiwiki kākou i nā ʻoihana fertilizer kiʻekiʻe a puni ka honua i 2022.

10. SAFCO

Hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1965 ma Saudi Arabia e SAFCO, ʻo ka Saudi Arabian Fertilizer Company ka ʻokoʻa o ka ʻoihana petrochemical mua ma ka ʻāina. Ua wehe ʻia ma ke ʻano he hui hui ma waena o nā kamaʻāina o ka ʻāina a me ke aupuni o ka ʻāina e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka huahana meaʻai me ke kālā maʻamau. I kēlā manawa, ua holomua a i ka wā i hala iho nei ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia iā ia iho kekahi o nā ʻoihana momona maikaʻi loa o ka honua. Hoʻopaʻa lākou i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana a me ka ʻoluʻolu o ka mea kūʻai aku a me ke komo ʻana o nā mea kuleana.

9. K+S

ʻO K+S AG, ʻo Kali a me Salz GmbH ma mua, he hui kemika Kelemania i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Kassel. Ma waho aʻe o nā mea kanu kemika a me ka mea hoʻolako nui loa o ka potassium, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hana paʻakai nui loa o ka honua. Ke hana nei ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika, hana a hāʻawi ʻo K+S AG i kekahi mau mineral koʻikoʻi e like me ka magnesium a me ka sulfur, ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1889, ua komo ka hui a hui pū me nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a pēlā i lilo ai i hoʻokahi mahele nui a hoʻokahi ʻoihana nui e kālepa ana i nā mea kanu koʻikoʻi a me nā kemika.

8. KF Oihana

No kahi kokoke i 70 mau makahiki, ʻaʻole i waiho ka ʻoihana CF i kahi pōhaku e hōʻoia i kona waiwai ma o ka hoʻolako ʻana i kekahi o nā kemika maikaʻi loa a me nā mea momona e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana a me ka hana huahana. ʻO nā huahana kiʻekiʻe, inā he nitrogen, potash a i ʻole phosphorus, kālepa ka hui iā lākou āpau me ka lawelawe mahalo. Ua loaʻa i ka poʻe ka hilinaʻi a me ka hilinaʻi i kā lākou mau mea kanu a me nā kemika ma muli o ko lākou maikaʻi maikaʻi a me nā hopena kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi papa inoa lōʻihi o nā huahana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mahiʻai a me ka ʻoihana i hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻia a hana maikaʻi.

7 BASF

Ma lalo o ka slogan "Ke hana nei mākou i ka chemistry", ua lilo ʻo BASF i hoʻokahi o nā ʻoihana hoʻohiki maikaʻi a me nā hui kemika i mālama i ka maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi i kāna mau huahana āpau. Hāʻawi lākou i ka nui o nā meaʻai kumu mua, ke kula kiʻekiʻe a me ke kula kiʻekiʻe a me nā kemika nui e pono ai e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hua hua. Hoʻopaʻa pū lākou i nā huahana i pili i ke kaiapuni a hoʻomau. Ma waho aʻe o nā kemika, hāʻawi pū lākou i kā lākou lawelawe ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka mahiʻai. Hiki ke hilinaʻi ʻia nā huahana horticultural a BASF a hāʻawi i ka maikaʻi maikaʻi a me ka huahana kiʻekiʻe. Me ka hānai ʻana i nā mea kanu, hana pū lākou i ka hānai holoholona.

6. PJSC Uralkali

ʻO ka hui fertilizer PJSC Uralkali ka mea mua mai Rūsia a ua hele i mua i mua i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻoihana mea kanu ʻē aʻe e hana ana ma ka ʻāina. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea kālepa nui loa a me nā mea hoʻolako i nā mea kanu a me nā kemika ma nā wahi nui o ka honua. ʻO nā mākeke nui i hoʻolako ʻia e nā mea kanu o kēia hui ʻo Brazil, India, Kina, Asia Hikina Hema, Russia, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ʻEulopa. I ka wā i hala iho nei, ua lilo ia i hoʻokahi o nā ʻoihana koʻikoʻi, e hāʻawi ana i kahi huahana kiʻekiʻe a pēlā e hoʻokō ai i kahi kiʻi kūpono i ka mākeke. ʻO ka potash ores a me kā lākou mālama ʻana e lilo ia i ka lua o ka nui ma ka honua ma ka wahi e pili ana.

5. Kemika Israeli

ʻO kahi hui hana kemika multinational e hoʻomohala ana i nā huahana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, me nā mea kanu a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻoikaika i nā kahe hana, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Israel Chemicals Ltd. ʻIke ʻia hoʻi ʻo ICL, lawelawe ka hui i kahi ākea o nā ʻoihana, me nā mea nui e pili ana i ka mahiʻai, nā meaʻai a me nā huahana ʻenekinia. Ma waho aʻe o nā mea momona maikaʻi loa, hoʻopuka pū ka hui i ka nui o nā kemika e like me ka bromine, a no laila ʻo ia ka mea hana i kahi hapakolu o ka bromine o ka honua. ʻO ia hoʻi ka ono o nā mea hana nui o ka potassium ma ka honua. ʻO Israel Corporation, ʻo ia kekahi o nā hui nui o ka ʻIseraʻela, e hoʻomalu i ka hana a me ka hana o ICL.

4. Yara International

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Yara International i ka makahiki 1905 me ka pahuhopu nui o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia o ka wī ma ʻEulopa, kahi i koʻikoʻi loa ia manawa. E hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 1905, ua hana nui ʻo Yara International i mua a ua lilo i kēia lā i mea hoʻokahi o nā ʻoihana momona kaulana loa ma ka honua.

Ma waho aʻe o ka fertilizer, hāʻawi pū lākou i nā papahana meaʻai meaʻai a me nā ʻano ʻenehana e hoʻonui i nā hua hua. Hana pū lākou i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana ma kahi ala ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia i ke kaiapuni ma o nā hana mahiʻai. No laila, hiki iā mākou ke hōʻuluʻulu i ka hana a Yara e like me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā meaʻai meaʻai mea kanu, nā hoʻonā noiʻi nitrogen, a me nā ʻōnaehana pale kaiapuni.

3. Saskatchewan Potash Hui

ʻO nā meaʻai nui a me nā meaʻai nui ʻekolu no nā mea kanu ʻo NPK, ʻo ia hoʻi ka nitrogen, potassium a me ka phosphorus. ʻO ka Potash Corporation kekahi o nā ʻoihana hoʻomomona koʻikoʻi o ka honua, e hāʻawi ana i ka mea momona kiʻekiʻe loa me nā mea kanu koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hua o nā mea kanu like ʻole. He ʻokoʻa ka ʻoihana o ka ʻoihana ʻo Kanada i ka hapalima o ka hiki o ka honua, ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻokō iā ia iho. Hāʻawi pū lākou i kā lākou lawelawe i nā ʻāina ma ʻAmelika Hema, ka Middle East a me Asia. I kēia mau lā i hala iho nei, ua hana nui ʻo Potash Corp i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka huahana a no laila e hālāwai ai i nā pono meaʻai o ka honua.

2. Hui Mosaic

I ka wā e pili ana i ka pāhana paʻakikī a me ka phosphate hana a kūʻai aku, ʻo Mosaic ka ʻoihana alakaʻi o ka honua. He mau lālā ko ka hui ma nā ʻāina ʻeono a aia ma kahi o 9000 mau limahana e hana ana no lākou e hōʻoia i nā huahana maikaʻi e hiki ke hoʻopuka i nā hopena kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa iā lākou ka ʻāina ʻo Mosaic ma Central Florida kahi e mine ai lākou i ka pōhaku phosphate. Eia kekahi, nona ka ʻāina ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau kahi i ʻeli mua ʻia ka potash. A laila e hana ʻia nā huahana i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e hana i nā mea kanu huaʻai a kūʻai ʻia aku i nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua i hoʻomalu ʻia e nā kikowaena mahiʻai.

1. Agrium

Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolaha nui loa o ka honua, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Agrium iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana mua loa o ka honua. No ka mea he koʻikoʻi ko nā mea kanu i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hua, ua pau ka hilinaʻi iā lākou. E maʻalahi nā mea,

Ke komo nei ʻo Agrium i ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā puke nui o nā kumulāʻau kumu a me nā kumu waiwai, me ka nitrogen, phosphorus a me ka potash. He mau lālā ko ka hui ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻAmelika Hema a me Australia, e hāʻawi ana i nā mea momona kiʻekiʻe a me nā kemika. Eia kekahi, kālepa lākou i nā hua kanu, nā huahana pale mea kanu e like me nā insecticides, herbicides a me nā pesticides, a hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo agronomic a me nā ʻano noi no nā mea ulu.

Hiki ke kōkua i ka nui o ka fertilizer ma ke kula e hoʻokō i ka ulu nui o ka meaʻai ma ka honua. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha i ka wā e ʻōlelo ai nā hui he nui ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ua hōʻoia nā ʻoihana mea kanu i luna i ko lākou waiwai a no laila ua loaʻa kahi wahi ma ka papa inoa 10 kiʻekiʻe.