ʻAno kino kaʻa - ʻo wai ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi? ʻAno kino
Nā mea
He aha ke kino kaʻa?
ʻO ka'ōlelo maʻalahi,ʻo ke kino ka "luna" o ke kaʻa. A ʻoi aku ka ʻoihana a e like me ka wehewehe ʻana, ʻo ka motorization kekahi o nā mea nui o ke kaʻa, i kau ʻia ma ka chassis. ʻO nā mea o ka hull ke ʻano kākoʻo (kūkulu) a me ka ʻili. Hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka pahu chassis a i ʻole e hana i kahi ʻāpana me ia.
ʻO ke ʻano kākoʻo o ke kino kona "iwi". ʻO ia ke kuleana no ka paʻa pono a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa iā ia, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe:
- kī,
- hoʻoikaika,
- pahu pale,
- ʻeneke spar,
- paepae paepae: mua a waena,
- kāne male
- aole i hoohaahaa.
I ka huli ʻana, ʻo ka ʻili (kino) ke kuleana no ke kūkulu ʻana i loko o ke kaʻa - ka loko. Loaʻa iā ia nā mea āpau i ʻike ʻia mai waho e kuleana no ka nani o ke kaʻa, e like me:
- puka,
- ʻēheu,
- nā pale pale,
- poʻi kumu
- uhi ʻenekini (hood).
Hatchback, sedan, liftback a i ʻole kaʻa kaʻa. He aha nā kino kaʻa kaulana loa?
Ke nānā nei i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona kaʻa, paʻakikī ke ʻike ʻole i nā ʻokoʻa ʻike ma waena o lākou. ʻO kēia mau mea ʻaʻole wale ke kala o ke kino, akā ma luna o nā ʻano āpau. Hoʻoholo ʻia e ke ʻano kino o ke kaʻa - a i ʻole ma ka liʻiliʻi ma nā ʻōlelo ākea.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau ʻano i nā pūʻulu he nui, no ka laʻana, e like me ka helu o nā mea paʻa: hoʻokahi, ʻelua a ʻekolu paha ʻāpana. Ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka puʻupuʻu a me ka pahu, a hāʻawi nā contours o ke kaʻa i ka manaʻo o ke ʻano o ʻekolu mau mea like ʻole (kino), ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi kaʻa kaʻa ʻekolu. Ke kokoke like ka contour i kahi rectangle (e like me ke ʻano o nā vans), ke hana nei mākou i kahi kaʻa monoblock. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā kaʻa kahi i ʻoki ʻia ai ka pahu a hoʻohaʻahaʻa wale ʻia ka puʻupuʻu i ʻelua-volume.
Ke hoʻi nei i nā ʻano o nā kino kaʻa iā lākou iho, ʻo ka mea kaulana loa:
- hatchback,
- hāpai i hope
- Van,
- sedan,
- ʻāpana,
- hiki ke hoʻololi,
- limousine,
- ʻohi aʻe,
- kaʻa kaʻaahi,
- i waho,
- SUV,
- crossover.
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia o lākou kona mau hiʻohiʻona ponoʻī e pili ana i ka helehelena a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kaʻa, a me kona hoʻohana ʻana. Pono e kūkākūkā pōkole i kēlā me kēia.
Hoʻopili
ʻO kēia ʻano kino kekahi o nā mea maʻamau ma ko mākou mau alanui. Loaʻa iā ia kahi tailgate e hana ma ke ʻano he puka hou. Piʻi ia me ka puka makani, i hiki i ka mea hoʻohana kaʻa ke komo maʻalahi i ke keʻena ukana a me ke keʻena kaʻa. Eia kekahi, hiki ke pelu ʻia ka lālani hope o nā noho, ma laila e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o ke kumu.
Hele mai nā Hatchbacks i ʻekolu puka (mua ʻākau, mua hema a me hope puka) a me ʻelima puka (mua ʻākau, mua hema, hope ʻākau, hope hema a hope puka). Loaʻa iā lākou he kino ʻelua-nui a me ke ʻano streamline (hoʻemi iki ka laina o ka hale, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka laina o ka puʻu). ʻO nā hatchbacks kaulana ʻo Ford Focus a me Volkswagen Golf.
E hoʻāla i hope
Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia kēia kino kaʻa me kahi hatchback. A ʻaʻohe mea kupanaha, no ka mea, ua like loa kā lākou hoʻolālā. ʻOkoʻa ka liftback mai kona mea i hana mua ʻia ma ka pali nui o ka puka hope (poʻi kumu). ʻO kahi ʻelele kaulana o kēia ʻano kino ʻo ka Seat Toledo I.
ia hoonoho ai i hale
Kapa ʻia lākou he kaʻa ʻohana. ʻO nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi ʻāpana hope lōʻihi - ʻo ka pinepine he ʻāpana ukana. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui i kēia kino he puka makani ʻaoʻao ʻekolu. Aia ia i ka hui o nā kino kino ʻelua.
ʻO kahi hoʻolako hou o ke keʻena ukana ʻo ia ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi railing ma nā kaʻa hou me ke kino o kēia ʻano. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolako i ke kaʻa me kahi pā hale no ka lawe ʻana i nā kaʻa a i ʻole ski. ʻO nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa maʻamau he ʻelima mau puka (Volkswagen Passat, Ford Mondeo), akā aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ʻekolu puka (Trabant Universal, Opel Kadett E).
С
ʻAno kino kino ʻekolu o ke kaʻa ʻelua a ʻehā paha. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole e like me ka hatchback, ʻaʻole wehe ka poʻi kumu me ke aniani. A ʻo kēia hiʻohiʻona kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o ka sedan. E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo mua ai, hiki ke loaʻa i kēia ʻano o ke kino kaʻa maʻamau i loko o kahi mana ʻelua-puka, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia kona wahi kaʻa (he mau noho 4-6). ʻO kahi kaʻa maʻamau o kēia ʻano ʻo Audi A8 a i ʻole BMW 7.
Loaʻa ka sedan ma ke ʻano he koho hardtop koho, ʻaʻohe ona kia ma waena o nā puka makani ʻaoʻao a me kahi hale paʻa (hoʻololi) a paʻa paha (convertible). Hoʻokomo pū nā Sedans i nā limousines. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano kino holoʻokoʻa he limousine.
Nā lihi
He kino nona ka inoa (French) "e oki". ʻO ia hoʻi i ka nānā mua ʻana - aia kahi laina kaupaku e piʻi i hope. ʻO nā Coupes nā kaʻa ʻelua-puka me kahi noho o 2 a 4. ʻO ke ʻano o nā kaʻa e like me nā hiʻohiʻona haʻuki - a hiki pinepine kēia, e like me ke ʻano me ka Porsche 911. Hiki ke loaʻa ke kino i nīnau ʻia i kahi mana hoʻololi. (me kahi hale hoʻololi i hūnā ʻia i loko o ke kumu) a me hardtop (luna paʻa a paʻa paha).
Ke hoʻololi
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā mea hoʻololi (convertibles) he keʻena kaʻa hāmama. ʻO kēia mau kaʻa he hale peʻe palupalu a paʻakikī paha e peʻe ana i loko o ke kumu, ʻaʻohe kia kū a me nā papa ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hale (koe wale ka wahi a puni ka pale makani). ʻO ka pinepine, aia lākou i loko o ka puka ʻelua. ʻO kahi mea hoʻololi kaulana, no ka laʻana, ka BMW 3 Convertible. ʻO ka hui hoʻololi pū kekahi me nā alanui alanui, nā kaʻa haʻuki liʻiliʻi me ka lōʻihi o mua a me ka hope pōkole (Tesla Roadster).
Kāohi
He hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻAmelika, kahi malihini kipa maʻamau ma nā alanui Polani. Hoʻohui kēia ʻano kino i nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kaʻa kaʻa, kaʻa waho a me ke kaʻa lawe. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia e ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi keʻena ukana i wehe mau ʻia ma hope (ma hope o ka hale kaʻa). Hiki ke paniʻia ka pahu e nā hale kūikawā.
Hiki i ke keena ke hoʻokahi (ʻelua a ʻekolu mau noho, ʻelua puka), pālua (ʻelima a ʻeono mau noho, ʻehā puka) a i hoʻonui ʻia (me kahi noho no ʻelua a hoʻokahi kanaka hou). ʻO Toyota Hilux kahi kaʻa kaʻa kiʻi kaulana.
kaʻa kaʻa a me ka kaʻa (van)
Ua hui pū mākou i kēia mau ʻano kino kaʻa no ko lākou ʻano like. E like me ka inoa i hōʻike ʻia, ʻo ka minivan kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi o kahi kaʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo i ka nānā ʻana ua like ia me kahi kaʻa kaʻa; Ua like ka VAN me ka van.
ʻO nā ʻano ʻelua he kaʻa hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha. ʻO kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona he kino ākea i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia, kahi ʻāpana ukana nui a me ka nui o nā noho (5-9 no nā minivans, 1-4 lālani o 2-4 mau noho no nā vans). ʻO kahi mini maʻamau he Renault Scenic a ʻo kahi kaʻa he Ford Transit.
SUV a me ka crossover
Hiki ke maʻalahi kēia mau ʻano kino me kekahi. Eia kekahi, paʻakikī pinepine ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka mea o lākou kahi kaʻa i hāʻawi ʻia. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou e ke kino i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā ʻano kaʻa kaʻa ma waho o ke alanui.
I ka hihia o nā SUV, he hui kūpono kēia. Hoʻolako ʻia lākou me nā ʻōnaehana e kākoʻo ana i ka hoʻokele ma waho o ke alanui a me ke kaʻa 4 × 4. ʻO nā crossovers ka mea maʻamau i ka holo kaʻa mua. ʻO kahi ʻelele maʻamau o kēia ʻano kino ʻo Nissan Qashqai, a ʻo ka SUV ka Subaru Forester.
ʻO ke koho ʻana o ke ʻano o ke kino kaʻa e pili ana i ke kumu o ke kaʻa. Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā ana e hoʻokele ma ka ʻāina ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, e koho i kahi SUV a i ʻole kaʻa kaʻa. E mahalo ana nā hui kaʻa kaʻa a i ʻole nā ʻohana nui loa i nā kaʻa a me nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi. Pono ʻoe i ka nui o nā wahi ukana? E mahalo ʻoe i nā crossovers a me nā kaʻa kaʻa. He mea aloha ʻoe i ka nani? Makemake ʻoe i nā sedans a me nā kino haʻuki. A ʻo ka poʻe e ʻimi nei i kahi kaʻa maikaʻi a maʻalahi hoʻi i ka paka, pono lākou e koho i kahi elevator a i ʻole hatchback.
