Mālama, mālama a hoʻoponopono i kahi kaʻa uila
Nā mea
Ke hoʻololi nei ke kaʻa uila i ke ala a me ke ʻano o ka lawelawe ʻana i nā kaʻa. Eia kekahi mau loina kumu no ka malama ana i kou kaa uwila.
E like me nā locomotives diesel, pono e lawelawe ʻia kahi EV e hoʻomau i ka holo ʻana i ka manawa. ʻOkoʻa nā alapine a me nā ʻano o ka lawelawe ʻana i nā kaʻa uila ma muli o nā mea hana, ka mana a me ka maikaʻi o ka hana.
Ma keʻano laulā, maʻalahi loa ka mālama ʻana i nā kaʻa uila no ka mea pono lākou e hoʻololi liʻiliʻi i nā ʻāpana. ʻO ka kaʻa uila he helu liʻiliʻi loa o nā ʻāpana neʻe (ma lalo o 10 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kekahi mau tausani no nā kaʻa maʻamau), a ʻo kā lākou ʻenehana, i hōʻike nui ʻia i nā kahua ʻoihana a me nā kahua kaʻaahi, hiki i nā kaʻa ke hele a hiki i 1 miliona mau kilomita. nā kaʻa. ʻO nā kumukūʻai hoʻolaha hoʻolaha o kahi kaʻa uila he 30-40% haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā kaʻa maʻamau.
Nā mea maʻamau me nā ʻenekini hoʻoheheʻe kūloko
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea mechanical a me ka nani o nā kaʻa uila e like me nā kaʻa puhi ahi. No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā ʻāpana ʻaʻahu aʻe:
- ʻO nā kaʻa haʻalulu: Loaʻa i nā kaʻa uila nā mea haʻalulu like me nā locomotive diesel a pono e lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano like. Hiki ke noi ʻia lākou ma nā ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i ke kūlana o ka ʻenekini a me nā pihi ma ka chassis;
- Hoʻouna: He ʻōnaehana maʻalahi ka hoʻouna ʻana i kahi kaʻa uila: ua kaupalena ʻia ka lawe ʻana i hoʻokahi pahu pahu. Eia nō naʻe, pono kēia i ka mālama ʻaila ma laila. Hāʻawi i ka mālama mau mai 60 a 100 km o ka holo;
- Nā Pākaʻi: E pau nō hoʻi nā huila kaʻa uila i ka pili ʻana me ke alanui, ʻaʻole naʻe ma mua o nā kaʻa maʻamau. E hilinaʻi ke ola, ma kahi hapa, i kāu ʻano hoʻokele;
- Nā Paʻa: He ʻokoʻa ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā kaʻa uila mai nā kaʻa ʻenekini puhi ahi maʻamau. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana mana o kahi kaʻa uila i kahi ʻāpana nui o ka ikehu kinetic i ka wā o ka uila uila, a ʻoi aku ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o nā mīkini mechanical. E hoʻolōʻihi kēia i ke ola o kāu mau pad a me nā pahu;
- ʻO ke koena o nā ʻāpana mechanical a me nā mea uila: hoʻokele, hoʻokuʻu, kānana a me ka ʻōnaehana ea e like a lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano like.
lawelawe kaʻa uila
Pono e lawelawe mau ʻia kahi kaʻa uila a like me ka locomotive diesel, koe wale:
- Mīkini uila
Hoʻohana pinepine nā kaʻa i kahi kaʻa uila DC. Hoʻolako ʻia nā hanauna hou o nā kaʻa uila me ka brushless (a i ʻole " pulumu ole ») nā ʻenekini : Hāʻawi kēia mau motika DC iā lākou e hoʻohana me ka mālama ʻole ʻia no nā manawa lōʻihi. Ua manaʻo ʻia ko lākou ola ʻana ma kahi miliona mau kilomita. No laila, i ke kūʻai ʻana, e hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i ka criterion o ka maikaʻi o ka mīkini.
- ʻO nā paila
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ʻeke uila i nā kaʻa i ka ʻenehana lithium-ion, e hāʻawi ana i kahi lōʻihi. I kēia manawa, ke hoʻomaka nei kekahi mau hana noiʻi e hoʻonui i ko lākou kūʻokoʻa a me ka manaʻolana ola.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka pākaukau, kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o kahi kaʻa uila, hiki ke hōʻoia i kahi nāwaliwali no ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻomalu ʻia kēia mau ʻokoʻa maʻemaʻe e nā mea uila ma luna o ka moku e pale aku ai i ka pōʻino. No laila, ʻaʻole pono ka mālama ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i pau ke ola o ka pākaukau: hiki iā ia ke pale i kekahi helu o ka hoʻoiho a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ma mua o ka pau ʻole o kona hiki, akā he hapa nui o ia. No laila, pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i nā pila i loko o kāu kaʻa i ka hopena o ka manawa kūpono loa, e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana a me kāu hoʻohana. ʻOkoʻa kēia lōʻihi a maʻamau mai ʻehiku a ʻumi makahiki.
ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi o kahi kaʻa uila me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai mālama
- Hoʻopau i ka hoʻololi aila: Pono e hoʻokahe mau ʻia ka ʻaila ʻenekini i kahi kaʻa me kahi ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko e hōʻoia i ka lubrication kūpono a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana o kāna poloka mīkini. Me ke kaʻa uila, lilo ka hoʻololi aila i anecdotal, no ka mea, ʻaʻole pono ka mīkini uila i ka lubrication.
- ʻO ke kaulahao traction maʻalahi: ʻaʻohe pahu pahu a paʻa paha, nalowale nā mea ʻenehana ʻenehana like ʻole: liʻiliʻi ka lole, liʻiliʻi nā haki.
- ʻAʻole hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia nā pad brake ma muli o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻihoʻi ikehu braking.
Nānā mua
Hōʻike pinepine nā mea hoʻohana kaʻa uila i nā hopena maikaʻi loa e pili ana i ka mālama kaʻa. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi locomotive diesel o ka ʻāpana like me ka mileage like ma kahi o 25-30% ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka moʻo a me ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i kā lākou hoʻohana e hōʻike iā mākou i ke koena i loaʻa i nā mea hana no ka lawelawe.
Nā ʻano lawelawe like ʻole
ʻOkoʻa ka mālama ʻana i kahi kaʻa uila i nā ʻano a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo palekana e pono e hahai ʻia, no ka mea he mea ia i kēia manawa o ka hana ʻana ma lalo o ka uila e pili ana i nā uila uila kiʻekiʻe a me nā au. No laila, pono ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka mālama ʻana, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mālama ʻana no nā poʻe.
ʻO ka hōʻoiaʻiʻo o kēia ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike honua ( ISO ) ua hoʻomākaukauʻia no ka hana maoli i ka mālamaʻana i nā kaʻa uila.
No laila, e hoʻololi ke kaʻa uila i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ke kaʻa, pili paha i nā mea nona nā hale kaʻa liʻiliʻi a nui. Pono e hoʻokomo i nā mea hana, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā limahana a me ka nānā kūikawā e hiki ai i ka mālama kaʻa no nā poʻe a me nā ʻoihana.
No laila, ʻaʻole zero ke kumukūʻai o ka lawelawe ʻana i kahi kaʻa uila, akā haʻahaʻa loa, a i kēia manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka e kūʻai i kahi kaʻa uila me ka hilinaʻi e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka lawelawe e pili ana i kona hoʻohana.
