Pahu ОF-40
Pahu ОF-40
I ka hapa lua o nā makahiki 70, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Italia i ka hana ikaika i ka hana ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mea kaua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no kāna pono ponoʻī. ʻO ka mea kūikawā, ua hoʻomohala nā hui ʻo OTO Melara a me Fiat, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka West German Leopard-1A4 tank, a mai ka makahiki 1980 i hana ʻia i nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no ka lawe ʻana aku i ʻApelika, ka Near a me Middle East, ka pahu OF-40 (ʻO ka leka mua. inoa hui "OTO Melara", 40 tons kokoke i ke kaumaha o ka pahu). Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka pahu Leopard i ka hoʻolālā. I kēia manawa, ua paʻa ka pūʻali koa ʻāina o Italia me nā kaʻa kaʻa ʻoi aku ma mua o 1700, a ʻo 920 o West German Leopard-1, 300 ʻAmelika M60A1 a ma kahi o 500 mau pahu kaʻa M47 ʻAmelika (me 200 mau ʻāpana i mālama ʻia). Ua hoʻololi hou ʻia nā mea hope e ka V-1 Centaur kaʻa kaua huila hou, a ma kahi o nā pahu M60A1, i nā makahiki 90 mua, ua loaʻa i ka pūʻali koa Italia nā kaʻa S-1 Ariete o kāna hana ponoʻī a hana.
ʻO ka pahu OF-40 me kahi pū rifled 105-mm i hoʻomohala ʻia e OTO Melara. ʻO ka mea hana nui o nā kaʻa kaua i Italia ʻo OTO Melara. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kauoha e pili ana i nā kaʻa kaua huila e Fiat. ʻO ka palekana o ka pahu e pili ana i ka "Leopard-1A3", i hāʻawi ʻia e kahi pali nui o nā papa mua o ka hull a me ka turret, a me nā pale ʻaoʻao kila 15 mm mānoanoa, ua kau ʻia nā pale kila-metala ma kekahi na kaa. Hoʻolako ʻia ka OF-40 me kahi 10-cylinder multi-fuel diesel engine mai MTU me ka mana o 830 hp. Me. ma 2000 rpm. Hoʻomohala ʻia ka hoʻoili hydromechanical ma Kelemānia. Hāʻawi ka pahu pahu honua i 4 mau pahu i mua a 2 i hope. Hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻenekini a me ka hoʻouna ʻana i hoʻokahi ʻāpana a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i ke kula me kahi crane i 45 mau minuke. ʻO ka pahu kaua nui S-1 "Ariete"Ua kūkulu ʻia nā prototypes ʻeono mua ma 1988 a hāʻawi ʻia i ka pūʻali koa no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. Ua loaʻa i ka pahu ka inoa C-1 "Ariete" a ua hoʻolālā ʻia e pani i ka M47. Hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻāpana hoʻomalu i ka ʻaoʻao starboard. Hiki ke hoʻololi hydraulically ka noho hoʻokele. Aia 3 mau mea nānā prism i mua o ka pā, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka waena e kahi passive NVD ME5 UO / 011100. Aia kahi pahu pilikia ma hope o ka noho o ka mea hoʻokele. ʻO ka turret welded hale he 120 mm OTO Melara smoothbore pū me ka breech kū pololei. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pahu e ka autofrettage - ʻo kona lōʻihi he 44 calibers, loaʻa iā ia kahi pahu pale wela a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ejection. No ke kī ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kaua maʻamau o ʻAmelika a me Kelemania i ka huluhulu sub-caliber (APP505) a me ka cumulative-high-explosive multi-purpose (NEAT-MR). Hana ʻia nā pū like ma Italia. Pu 42 pōʻai, 27 o ia mea aia i loko o ka hull i ka hema o ke Keaukaha, 15 - ma ka hope niche o ka hale kiaʻi, ma hope o ka pale kaua. Ua kau ʻia nā panela ejection ma luna aʻe o kēia pā kaua ma ka hale o ka hale kiaʻi, a ma ka paia hema o ka hale kiaʻi he puka no ka hoʻopiha hou ʻana i nā pū a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā pahu i pau.
ʻO ka pahu kaua nui C-1 "Ariete" Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pū i nā mokulele ʻelua, ʻo kona mau kihi kikoʻī ma ka mokulele kūpaʻa mai -9 ° a +20 °, nā mea hoʻokele no ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka turret a kuhikuhi i ka pū, i hoʻohana ʻia e ka pū a me ke alakaʻi, he electro-hydraulic me hoʻopau lima. Hoʻohui ʻia kahi pū mīkini 7,62 mm me ka pū. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pū mīkini hoʻokahi ma luna o ka pahu o ke alakaʻi i loko o kahi moena i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka pūnāwai, e hiki ai ke hoʻololi wikiwiki i ka mokulele ākea a me ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka laulā o nā kihi mai -9 ° a + 65 ° vertically. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana ahi TUIM 5 (tank universal reconfigurable modular system) he ʻano hoʻololi o kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻomalu ahi hoʻokahi i hoʻomohala ʻia e Officine Galileo no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ʻekolu mau kaʻa kaua like ʻole - ka B1 Centaur wheeled tank destroyer, ka S-1 Ariete main tank " a me USS-80 kaʻa kaua infantry. Aia ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomalu o ka pahu i nā hiʻohiʻona i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ke alakaʻi (lā panoramic) a me ka pū (periscope lā / pō me ka laser rangefinder), kahi kamepiula ballistic uila me kahi ʻōnaehana sensor, kahi mea hoʻoponopono, nā panela hoʻomalu no ke alakaʻi, ka pū a me ka mea hoʻouka. Aia he 8 periscope i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ke keʻena hana o ke alakaʻi no ka ʻike a puni. ʻO kāna ʻike nui he ʻano hoʻonui ʻokoʻa mai 2,5x a i 10x; i ka wā o ka hana ʻana i ka pō, hoʻouna ʻia ke kiʻi wela mai ka ʻike o ka pū i ka mākaʻikaʻi kūikawā o ka luna. Me ka hui Farani 5P1M, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi ʻike i kau ʻia ma ka hale o ka pahu. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hana o ka pahu kaua nui C-1 "Ariete"
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Ma hope o ke Kaua Honua ʻElua, ʻaʻohe kuleana o Italia e hana i nā mea kaua kaumaha. Ma ke ʻano he lālā ikaika o NATO mai nā lā mua o kona hoʻokumu ʻana, ua loaʻa ʻo Italia i nā kaʻa mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Mai ka makahiki 1954, ua lawelawe pū ʻia nā pahu kaʻa M47 Patton ʻAmelika me ka pūʻali koa Italia. I ka makahiki 1960, ua kūʻai ʻia nā pahu kaʻa M60A1, a ua hana ʻia he 200 o kēia mau pahu i Italia e OTO Melara ma lalo o ka laikini a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka lawelawe ʻana me ka mahele kaua ʻo Ariete (Taran). Ma waho aʻe o nā kaʻa kaʻa, ua hana pū ʻia nā mea lawe lima ʻAmelika M113 ma lalo o ka laikini no nā pūʻali koa ʻāina o Italia a no ka lawe ʻana aku. I ka makahiki 1970, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia kahi ʻaelike no ke kūʻai ʻana i ka FRG o 920 Leopard-1 tank, 200 o ia mau mea i hāʻawi pololei ʻia mai ka FRG, a ʻo ke koena i hana ʻia ma lalo o ka laikini e kahi hui o nā ʻoihana ʻoihana ma Italia. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hana ʻana o kēia pūʻulu pahu i ka makahiki 1978. Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa a hoʻopau ka hui ʻo OTO Melara i kahi kauoha mai ka pūʻali koa Italia no ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa kaua pale kaua e pili ana i ka pahu Leopard-1 (nā papa alahaka, ARV, nā kaʻa ʻenekinia).
