ʻAoʻao Kalena: Ianuali 28 - Pepeluali 3

Ke kono nei mākou iā ʻoe e nānā i ka mōʻaukala o nā hanana kaʻa, e hāʻule ana ka lā makahiki i kēia pule.

Ianuali 28.01.1999, XNUMX | Lawe ʻo Ford iā Volvo

Mai ka hopena o 1989s, ua kūʻai ʻo Ford ma ʻEulopa. Ua lawe mua ʻo ia iā Jaguar lāua ʻo Aston Martin (1999), a i ka makahiki '28 ua hana hou ʻo ia i kahi ʻano kumu kūʻai. I kēia manawa ua hāʻule ka koho ma ka māhele kaʻa kaʻa o Volvo, i loaʻa iā Ford ma Ianuali 1999 ma 6,45 biliona kālā. ʻO kēia kahi hana ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i kā mākou kūlana ma ka ʻāpana premium. ʻO nā inoa kaulana loa, ʻo Ford wale nō ʻo Lincoln.

Pēlā i hoʻomaka ai ka mōʻaukala he ʻumi makahiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka brand Swedish me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana o ka hopohopo Ford. I loko o kēia manawa, ua ho'okumu'ia ka hana'ana o ka Volvo ka'a li'ili'i mua (Volvo C30), a me nā ka'a hou loa i nā māhele a pau: S40, S60, S70 a me C70, ka coupe mua mai ka makahiki 90. ka waihona XC90 a laila ka XC60 liʻiliʻi.

Ua noho ka mea hana Suedena ma ka lima o Ford a hiki i Malaki 2010, i ka wā i kūʻai ʻia aku ai ka hui i ka hopohopo Kina Geely.

Ianuali 29.01.1932, XNUMX | ʻO ke kaʻa mua GAZ

He kuleana nui ʻo Ford i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻoihana kaʻa Soviet, ka mea i hoʻoholo e kūʻai aku i kahi laikini e hana i kāna mau kaʻa ma USSR, a ua komo pū kekahi i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mea kanu GAZ ma Gorky (i kēia lā ʻo Nizhny Novgorod), kahi kūlanakauhale aia. ma kahi o 400 km hikina o Moscow.

Ua kau inoa ʻia kahi ʻaelike ma waena o ka USSR a me Ford i ka makahiki 1929, a i ka makahiki 1932 ua hoʻopau ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi mea kanu hou. ʻO ka hoʻomaka mua o ka hana i hana ʻia ma Ianuali 29, 1932, i ka wā i kūkulu ʻia ai ke kaʻa NAZ-AA, i kapa ʻia ʻo GAZ-AA. He kope laikini pololei ia o ka Ford Model AA, kahi kaʻa māmā i hana ʻia ma USA mai 1927 ma muli o ke kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa Model A.

Pēlā i hoʻomaka ai ka mōʻaukala o ka brand GAZ. I ka hopena o ka makahiki 1932, ua hoʻomaka ʻia kahi kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa Lūkini, ʻo GAZ A, ma lalo o ka laikini o Ford Model A. I ka makahiki 1936, ua hoʻololi ʻia e ka model M1.

30.01.1920/XNUMX/XNUMX | Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Mazda

Ua hoʻomau ʻo Mazda i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻa pāʻoihana me nā pickups e pili ana i nā hoʻonā R360 a me nā koho nui e like me ka B1500 pickup (1961).

I kēia lā, hana ʻo Mazda ma mua o 1,5 miliona mau kaʻa i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e hana ana ia i kekahi o nā mea hana kaʻa nui loa ma ka honua.

Ianuali 31.01.2003, XNUMX | Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution VIII

I ka lā hope o Ianuali 2003, ua hana ʻia ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o Iapana o ke ʻano Lancer Evolution VIII, kahi i hoʻololi ai i kona mea mua, i hana ʻia mai ka makahiki 2001 wale nō. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ia, ua hōʻike ʻia ke kaʻa i kahi apron mua i hōʻoluʻolu iki ʻia, kahi hoʻololi pōkole ʻeono-wikiwiki hou (loaʻa ma ke ʻano he koho), a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka holo kaʻa holoʻokoʻa me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka mana traction.

Ua kūʻai aku ʻo Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution VIII i ʻekolu mau mana (GSR, RS a me RS me 6-speed gearbox), a ua manaʻo ka mea hana i ke kūʻai ʻana o 5 mau ʻāpana. Ua hoʻomau ʻia ka hana ʻana o kēia evolution a hiki i 2005. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaka mua o Iapana, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo Mitsubishi i ke kaʻa no nā mākeke ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika.

Pepeluali 1.02.1968, XNUMX | Hana ʻia ka brand Mitsuoka

Noho mākou ma ke kumuhana o ka hoʻokele kaʻa Iapana, akā e neʻe i kahi hōʻailona liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻia i hānau ʻia ma Pepeluali 1, 1968 e Susumu Mitsuoka. Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana, pili ka hui me ka ʻoihana automotive, akā ʻaʻole i hana i kāna mau kaʻa ponoʻī a hiki i 1981. I ka makahiki 1982 ua pau ka hana mua. He mokuahi liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi ia, i kapa ʻia ʻo Bubu 501, i hoʻohana ʻia e kahi ʻenekini 50cc liʻiliʻi, i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o kahi pahu ʻano capsule ʻē aʻe. Ua maikaʻi wale ma hope. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Mitsuoka e hana i nā kope a laila nā kaʻa i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka ʻoihana kaʻa Pelekane o nā makahiki 3 a me 50.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona kaulana loa ʻo ia ka Viewt, nona ka hope mua e hoʻomanaʻo nei i nā Jaguars maʻamau. ʻO ke kaʻa, i hana ʻia mai ka makahiki 1993, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka Nissan Micra - K11 mua, ma hope ka K12 hou.

Ma kāna moʻolelo, ua loaʻa ʻo Mitsuoka i kahi hanana me kahi supercar. ʻO Orochi, e like me ka huahana o kēia brand, he ʻano poina ʻole, a ʻo ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele Toyota ke kuleana no ka hana pilikia ʻole. Mai ka makahiki 2006 a hiki i ka makahiki 2014 ua kūkulu ʻia ma nā helu liʻiliʻi. Ua manaʻo ʻia aia ma kahi o 400 mau hiʻohiʻona i hana ʻia.

I kēia lā, aia nō ʻo Mitsuoka i ka lima o ka ʻohana hoʻokumu a ke hana maikaʻi nei ia: hoʻolauna ia i nā hiʻohiʻona hou, me nā hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i ka Morgan a i ʻole Corvette maʻamau.

Pepeluali 2.02.1923, XNUMX | Ua hoʻomaka ke kūʻai ʻana o Ethylene

ʻO Carol Kettering, ka mea hoʻokumu kaulana ʻAmelika e hoʻomaikaʻi iā mākou, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ka mea hoʻomaka uila, i hana i nā makahiki 2 e hoʻonui i ka ratio hoʻoemi o nā mīkini a hoʻopau i ka detonation. Me Thomas Midgley, ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka tetraethyl lead e hoʻonui i ka helu octane o ka wahie a hoʻopau i ka detonation. Ua kapa ʻia ka wahie i loaʻa i ka ethylene a hoʻomaka i kāna mākeke ma Pepeluali 1923 ma kahi kahua ma Dayton, Ohio.

Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Ethylene i nā makahiki i hala. Ma Polani, ua kūʻai ʻia a hiki i ka nineties, i ka wā i hoʻololi ʻia e ka ʻaila unleaded me ka helu octane o 94.

Pepeluali 3.02.1994, XNUMX | Ka pau ana o ka hana Nisa

I ka makahiki 1958, ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o kahi kaʻa lawe kaʻa ma Nysa, a me ka Żuk ma Lublin, ua lilo i mea koʻikoʻi o ka ʻāina automotive Polish. Ua hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻokō kānāwai, ka mahiʻai a me ka ʻoihana. E like me Zhuk, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma nā hoʻoholo FSO Warszawa.

Ua ulu ka hana a Nisa i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ua loaʻa i ke kaʻa nā koho kino hou a me nā hoʻomaikaʻi ʻenehana, me ka ʻenekini C-21 overhead valve. I ka makahiki 1969, ua hana ʻia ka hana hou nui mua loa - ʻo ia ke ʻano i hana ʻia ai ka Nysa 521 a me 522. ʻO ke kaʻa i loko o kēia ʻano kino i hana maoli ʻia a hiki i ka hopena a ʻaʻole i loaʻa i kahi hoʻololi stylistic koʻikoʻi.

Ke emi nei ka kaulana o Nysa mai ka makahiki 1989, a ma hope o 2 mau makahiki o ka hoʻololi ʻana, ua nalowale loa ke kaʻa lawe kaʻa mai ke kūʻai aku. Ua hāʻule ka hana mai kahi mau kaukani kaʻa i ka makahiki a i kahi mau tausani. Ua pau ka hana ʻana ma 1994 Pepeluali 380 me ka helu kaʻa 575.

Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hana ʻana o "Nysa", ʻaʻole i pani ʻia ka hale hana. Ua hana ʻia ke kaʻa Polonez ma Nysa, ua hui ʻia ʻo Citroen C15 a me Berlingo. Ua pau ka hana kaa i ka makahiki 2003.