Pono ʻoe e kūʻai i kahi kaʻa hybrid, diesel a i ʻole kaʻa uila?

I kēia lā, nui nā kaʻa hybrid, nā diesel maʻemaʻe a me nā kaʻa uila. Hana lākou i nā ʻano like ʻole, akā kōkua nā mea āpau i ke kaiapuni a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka MPG.

Ma kahi o nā kaʻa ʻaila maʻamau, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho mai nā koho mana ʻē aʻe me ka hybrid, diesel a me ka uila. ʻO ka nīnau nui a ka poʻe nona nā kaʻa e nīnau nei inā pono kēia mau kaʻa wahie ʻokoʻa i ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe. Ma ka nānā ʻana i nā pono a me nā pōʻino o kēia mau kaʻa wahie ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo inā kūpono paha kekahi o kēia mau kaʻa no kāu mau pono kikoʻī.

Nā kaʻa huikau

Hele mai nā kaʻa Hybrid me ka ʻenekini a i ʻole ka mīkini diesel, akā hoʻohana pū lākou i kahi kumu wahie ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano he ʻano hana hou. ʻO ke ʻano o ke kaʻa hybrid e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻokele wahie o ke kaʻa.

Pehea ka hana ʻana o kahi kaʻa hybrid. I ka US, hoʻohana ka hybrid i ka ʻaila a me ka uila i kumu mana.

Hoʻohana nā Hybrids i ka ʻeke pākahiko a me kahi kaʻa uila i hui pū ʻia me kahi ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko.

Hoʻopiʻi ka hapa nui o nā hybrids i ka wā e hoʻokele ai ʻoe, akā nui ka poʻe e koi iā ʻoe e hoʻopili i ka pākaukau inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻokele, ʻoi aku nā hybrids piha a me nā hybrids māmā.

Hoʻohana kekahi mau hybrids i ka ʻenehana "stop-start", kahi e hoʻopau ai i ka mīkini ʻaila i ka wā e paʻa ai ke kaʻa.

ʻO kekahi ʻenehana ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia e kekahi mau hybrids he hoʻololi mau, ʻike ʻia hoʻi he CVT. ʻO ka hoʻololi mau ʻana o ka hoʻololi ʻana e ʻae i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana, e ʻae ana i ka ʻenekini e hana i kahi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kipi i kēlā me kēia minuke (RPM).

Nā ʻano kaʻa hybrid like ʻole. ʻO nā ʻano kaʻa hybrid ʻokoʻa nā hybrids piha, ʻoluʻolu a plug-in.

Ke koho ʻana i kahi hybrid, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho mai nā ʻano like ʻole, me nā hybrids piha, ʻoluʻolu, a plug-in. ʻO kekahi ʻano o nā kaʻa e hōʻike ana i ka hana hybrid he micro a me ka ʻaila hybrids.

• ʻO nā hybrids piha ka mana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kaʻa hybrid. Hiki i nā hybrids piha ke hana i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole e like me ka series, parallel, a me ke ʻano uila āpau. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o kahi hybrid piha ʻo Toyota Prius.

• ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hybrid hybrid e like me ka hybrid piha, akā ke hāʻawi mau nei i ka hoʻohana wahie ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kahi kaʻa ʻaila āpau like. I loko o kahi hybrid haʻahaʻa, hana ka ʻenekini a me ka ʻenekini kōkua me ka mīkini ʻaila e hoʻoneʻe i ke kaʻa, akā ʻaʻole lākou e lawe i ka mana piha. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa o kahi hybrid haʻahaʻa ʻo ka Honda Civic Hybrid's Integrated Motor Assist.

• ʻO ka plug-in hybrid ka nui o ka pila ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā hybrids, me kahi hybrid piha. Pono kēia nui nui iā ʻoe e hoʻopili iā lākou ma waena o nā kaʻa. Hiki i nā hybrids plug-in ke holo i ke ʻano uila āpau no kekahi mau mile. ʻO ka Chevy Volt kahi hiʻohiʻona o kahi plug-in hybrid.

• Hoʻohana liʻiliʻi nā kaʻa micro- a me ka aila-hybrid, inā loaʻa, ke kaʻa uila e hoʻokele i nā huila. Hoʻohana ka micro-hybrid i ka mīkini uila e hoʻokele i nā ʻōnaehana uila, akā ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ka muscle hybrid i ka ʻenehana no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kaʻa uila, hāʻawi iā ia i ka mana e holo i nā ʻōnaehana o ke kaʻa. No kahi micro-hybrid, he kumu hoʻohālike maikaʻi kahi Chevy Malibu me ka ʻenehana hoʻomaka. No ka pipi pipi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo i ka hybrid Infiniti Q50.

Nā Pōmaikaʻi o ka Loaʻa ʻana i kahi Kaʻa Hybrid. Loaʻa ka pono o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kaʻa hybrid.

ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kaʻa hybrid ʻo ia kona aloha kaiapuni. ʻO ke ʻano ʻelua o ka ʻenekini hybrid, ʻoi aku ka maʻemaʻe o ka holo ʻana o ke kaʻa a emi iki ka haumia.

ʻO ke ʻano maʻemaʻe o kahi kaʻa hybrid ʻo ia ka mea hoʻohana liʻiliʻi i ka ʻaila no ka hana a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka pono wahie o ke kaʻa.

Ua ʻike ʻia nā kaʻa Hybrid no ka mālama ʻana i ko lākou waiwai kūʻai hou, e maʻalahi ai ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i kekahi o nā kālā i hoʻolilo ʻia ma luna o lākou inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e kūʻai aku i ke kaʻa a kūʻai i kaʻa ʻē aʻe.

Nā pōʻino o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kaʻa Hybrid. Ma waho aʻe o nā pōmaikaʻi, loaʻa i nā kaʻa hybrid kekahi mau hemahema.

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o kahi hybrid a me kahi kaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻaila maʻamau ʻo ia ka mana mīkini. ʻO ka hapa nui, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mana hui o nā ʻenekini uila a me ka ʻaila i loko o kahi kaʻa hybrid ma mua o ka mīkini ʻaila hoʻohālikelike.

ʻO ka haʻahaʻa nui loa i nā kaʻa hybrid ʻo ia ke kumu kūʻai ʻoi aku ma mua o nā kaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻaila. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, mālama lākou i kā lākou waiwai kūʻai hou, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻihoʻi i kāu mau kumukūʻai inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e kūʻai aku ma hope.

ʻO kahi hemahema ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka uku uku o kahi kaʻa hybrid. ʻAi ʻia ka nui o nā wahi ukana ʻē aʻe āu e ʻike ai ma nā ʻano kaʻa ʻē aʻe e ke kaʻa uila keu, ka pākaukau, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pono ai i loko o kahi kaʻa hybrid.

Nā kaʻa diesel

ʻO kahi koho ʻē aʻe, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi kaʻa hybrid a me ka uila, he kaʻa diesel-powered. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻenekini Diesel ma mua o nā ʻenekini ʻaila. Hiki kēia ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka compression ratio i hiki i ka hapa nui o nā mīkini diesel ke hoʻokō.

He aha ke kaʻa diesel? ʻAʻole like me ke kaʻa hybrid a i ʻole ke kaʻa uila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kaʻa diesel ma mua o nā kaʻa hoʻohana ʻia.

ʻAʻole hoʻohana nā ʻenekini Diesel, ʻoiai ua like me nā ʻenekini ʻaila, e hoʻohana i nā pahu kukui e hoʻohui i ka hui ʻana o ka wahie/ea. Akā, hoʻohana mua ʻo ia i ka wela mai ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ea i loko o ke keʻena e puhi i ka wahie diesel, e hoʻoikaika ana i ka ʻenekini. He 25 a 30 ka nui o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka wahie ma mua o ka mīkini ʻaila hoʻohālikelike.

Nā pōmaikaʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaʻa diesel. E like me nā kaʻa wahie ʻē aʻe, loaʻa i nā kaʻa diesel kekahi mau mea maikaʻi e hoʻonanea ai i nā mea kūʻai aku.

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, hāʻawi ko lākou ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wahie i ka poʻe nona ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka 25-30 pākēneka o ka hoʻokele waiwai hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kaʻa ʻaila. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i ka hoʻokele waiwai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o kekahi mau huila ʻaila-eleka.

Me ka ʻole o ka uila a i ʻole ka mea hoʻolaha, akā e hilinaʻi nei i ka wela i hana ʻia i ka wā e hoʻopili ʻia ai ka ea i loko o ka cylinder, ʻaʻole pono ke kaʻa diesel i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana.

ʻO ke ʻano ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka ʻenekini diesel ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka nui o nā ʻenekini ʻaila.

Loaʻa i nā kaʻa Diesel ka ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻenekini, hāʻawi iā lākou i ʻoi aku ka mana ma mua o ko lākou mau hoa ʻaila.

Nā pōʻino o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kaʻa diesel. ʻOiai he nui nā mea maikaʻi o ka diesel, he mau hemahema kekahi.

ʻOi aku ka pipiʻi o ka wahie Diesel i kēia manawa ma mua o ka ʻaila. ʻOiai e loli paha kēia i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻo kēia kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe e hōʻemi i ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie kiʻekiʻe aʻe i loaʻa i nā ʻenekini diesel ma mua o nā kaʻa maʻamau.

Hāʻawi nā ʻenekini gasoline i kā lākou mau kaʻa i ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana.

ʻOi aku ke kumu kūʻai o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻenekini diesel e pono ai ka mālama liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai e hana ana ʻoe i ka mālama ʻana o kāu kaʻa, pono e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka liʻiliʻi o nā pilikia.

Nā kaʻa uila

ʻO nā kaʻa uwila kahi mea ʻokoʻa maikaʻi i nā ʻenekini ʻaila maʻamau. ʻO ka mea nui kēia ma muli o ka hilinaʻi ʻole ʻana i ka ʻaila ma ke ʻano he kumu ikehu, kahi e hoʻonani ai lākou i nā mea hoʻokele kaiapuni.

He aha ke kaʻa uila? Holo mua ka kaʻa uila ma luna o ka uila, ʻoiai holo ka hybrid ma ka ʻaila a me ka uila.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ke kaʻa uila, ʻo ia ma waena o nā kau hoʻokele, hoʻopili ʻoe iā ia i kahi kumu mana ma o kahi plug e hoʻopiʻi ana i ka pākaukau no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻa ʻana.

ʻOiai ke kaʻa ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ke kaʻa e nā ʻeke e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻoili uila.

Kōkua ʻo Braking i ka hoʻopiha hou ʻana i ka pākaukau ma kahi kaʻina i kapa ʻia ʻo regenerative braking.

Nā ʻano kaʻa uila like ʻole. I ke kūʻai ʻana i kaʻa uila, he mau koho liʻiliʻi kāu, akā i ka laha ʻana o ka ʻenehana, manaʻo e ulu mau nā ʻenehana hou e like me nā wahie i ka kaulana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana.

• E holo holoʻokoʻa ana kahi kaʻa uila a i ʻole BEV ma luna o ka ikehu i hāʻawi ʻia e kahi pākahiko. Hoʻokuʻu kēia mana i kahi mana uila e hana ana me ke kōkua ʻole o ka mīkini hoʻopau i loko. Ma waho aʻe o ka pono e hoʻopili iā lākou ma waena o nā kaʻa, nui nā BEV e hoʻohana i ka braking regenerative e hoʻopiha hou i nā pihi o ke kaʻa i ka wā e holo ana. ʻO ka BMW i81 o 3 mau mile he BEV maikaʻi loa ia.

• He ʻenehana hou nā kaʻa uila uila e pili ana i ka uila i hana ʻia mai ka hopena ma waena o ka hydrogen a me ka oxygen e hoʻoikaika ai i kahi kaʻa. ʻOiai he mea hou, e hoʻomaopopo e lilo nā kaʻa wahie i mea maʻamau i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO Toyota Mirai kekahi o nā kaʻa mua i hoʻohana i ka ʻenehana wahie.

Nā pōmaikaʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaʻa uila. He mea hoʻoikaika nui nā kaʻa uila no ka poʻe e hoʻokele iā lākou.

Holo holoʻokoʻa nā kaʻa uila ma ka uila, e mālama ana ʻoe i ka manawa ma ke kahua kinoea.

ʻAʻole hoʻopuka nā kaʻa uila i nā hoʻokuʻu ʻino, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohaumia i ka ea a puni ʻoe i ke kaʻa ʻana.

ʻO kahi pōmaikaʻi ʻē aʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kaʻa uila ʻo ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka pono no ka mālama ʻana.

Nā pōʻino o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaʻa uila ʻOiai he nui nā pōmaikaʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kaʻa uila, aia kekahi mau hemahema.

ʻO kekahi o nā drawbacks nui loa ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi recharge point mai ka home. He pilikia kēia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa uila no nā huakaʻi lōʻihi, ʻoiai inā kokoke ʻoe i ka home, ʻaʻole ia he pilikia nui.

Hoʻopau ʻia ka mālama ʻana ma ke kūʻai ʻana i ka ʻaila i kekahi manawa e ke kumukūʻai o ka uila e hoʻopaʻa i ke kaʻa ma waena o nā huakaʻi.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kaʻa uila he palena palena, maʻamau 50 a 100 mau mile. Manaʻolana kākou e hiki ke hoʻonui hou i ka ʻenehana i kēia pae hoʻomaʻamaʻa.

ʻOi aku ke kumu kūʻai o nā kaʻa uila ma mua o nā ʻano kaʻa ʻē aʻe ma muli o ke ʻano hou o ka ʻenehana, akā e hoʻomau ke kumukūʻai e iho i lalo i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻenehana a laha.

ʻO ka hoʻoholo e kūʻai i kahi hybrid, diesel a i ʻole kaʻa uila e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i kāu kālā a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kaiapuni. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pono wahie i hāʻawi ʻia e ka hapa nui o kēia mau kaʻa he mea kūpono ke kumu kūʻai keu a kēia mau kaʻa. Ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kaʻa hybrid, diesel a i ʻole kaʻa uila, e hana kekahi o kā mākou mīkini loea i ka nānā ʻana ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻana.