Hoʻohālikelike Pūnaewele: Acid Lead, Gel a me AGM

I kēia manawa, aia ʻekolu mau ʻano nui o nā pila i mālama ʻia ma ka mākeke: kēpau-acid me ka wai electrolyte, gel a me AGM. Loaʻa iā lākou āpau ke kumu like o ka hana, akā nui nā ʻokoʻa i ka hāmeʻa. Hāʻawi kēia mau ʻokoʻa iā lākou i nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā, eia nō naʻe, loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano nā mea pono ʻole e pono ai ke noʻonoʻo ʻia i ke koho ʻana i kahi pakuhi.

ʻO nā paukū alakaʻi-acid me ka electrolyte wai

ʻO kēia ʻano pākahi rechargeable ka mea i hoʻohana ākea. ʻAʻole i loli ka hoʻolālā ʻana ma hope o kā lākou hana hou ʻana i ka makahiki 1859.

Keʻili a me ka loina o ka hana

Aia i loko o ka hale o nā pila he ʻeono mau keʻena a i ʻole nā ​​kini i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai kekahi i kekahi. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia keʻena nā pā kēpau a me kahi electrolyte wai. Nā papa me nā koina maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole (cathode a me anode). Hiki i nā pā kēpau ke komo i nā impurities o antimony a i ʻole silicon. ʻO ka electrolyte kahi hui o ka sulfuric acid (35%) a me ka wai distill (65%). Ma waena o nā pā kēpau nā pā porous spacer i kapa ʻia he separators. Pono lākou e pale i nā kaapuni pōkole. Hana kēlā me kēia panakō ma kahi o 2V no ka nui o 12V (kaulahao daisy).

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻikena i loko o nā paila ʻakika kēpau e kahi hopena electrochemical ma waena o ka dioxide kēpau a me ka waikawa sulfuric. Pau kēia i ka waikawa sulfuric, kahi e pala. Ke emi nei ka mānoanoa o ka electrolyte. Ke hoʻouka nei mai kahi pā kālā a i ʻole kahi mīkini hana kaʻa, hana ke kaʻina huli (hoʻoiho).

Nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā meaʻinoʻole

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hoʻohana ākea o nā paukū acid-lead e kā lākou hoʻolālā maʻalahi a hilinaʻi hoʻi. Hāʻawi lākou i nā kahe hoʻomaka kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻenekini (a i 500A), hana paʻa lākou a 3-5 mau makahiki me ka hana kūpono. Hiki ke uku ʻia i ka pila me nā au hoʻonui. ʻAʻole kēia e hōʻino i ka hiki o ka pākuhi. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui ke kumu kūʻai kumukūʻai.

Pili nā hemahema nui o kēia ʻano pila i ka mālama a me ka hana. He wai ka electrolyte. No laila, aia kahi makaʻu o kona kahe. ʻO ka waikawa Sulphuric kahi wai kūpale loa. Pēlā nō hoʻi, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kinoea ʻākena i ka wā o ka hana. ʻO kēia ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻouka i ka pila i loko o ka kaʻa, ma lalo wale nō o ka pale.

Pono ka mea kalaiwa e nānā i kēlā me kēia manawa i ka pae o ka uila a me ka nui o electrolyte. Inā hoʻopiha hou ʻia ka paila, paila ia. Hoʻopau ka wai a pono e hoʻopiha hou i kēlā me kēia manawa i loko o nā keʻena. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe wale ʻia ka wai i hoʻohana ʻia.

ʻAʻole pono e ʻae ʻia ka pae e hoʻoiho ma lalo o 50%. A piha hoʻokuʻu ua hoʻohiki e luku i ka hāmeʻa, e like me ka hohonu sulfation o nā papa kū (hoʻokumu o kēpau sulfate).

Pono e mālama a hana i ka pila ma kahi kū i luna i kū pono ʻole ka uila i waho a ʻaʻole pili pū nā pā. Hiki ke hana ʻia ke pōkole ma muli o ka haki o nā pā.

I ke kau anuanu, hemo mau ka pila mai ke kaʻa i ʻole e paʻa ka hau. Hiki i kēia ke hana me ka electrolyte wai. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana o kahi pakuhi anuanu.

Nā pākeke gel

Hana nā paila gel i nā kumumanaʻo like me nā pākuhi-acid pākahi maʻamau. ʻO ka electrolyte wale nō i loko ʻaʻole i kahi wai, akā i ka moku gel. Ua loaʻa kēia i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka silica gel me ka silicon. Mālama ka silica gel i ka electrolyte i loko. Hoʻokaʻawale ia i nā papa maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi lawelawe ma ke kaʻawale. No ka hana ʻana i nā pā, hoʻohana wale ʻia ka kēpau hoʻomaʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe loa me ka ʻole o nā impurities. Hāʻawi ka hoʻonohonoho nui o nā pā a me ka silica gel i ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa, a no laila e hoʻouka wikiwiki a me nā kahe recoil kiʻekiʻe (800-1000A no ka mea hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomaka ʻana).

Hāʻawi ke alo o ka silica gel i hoʻokahi pono nui - hopohopo ʻole ka pila i nā hoʻokuʻu hohonu.

Lohi ka hana sulfation i loko o ia mau pila Noho nā ʻenekini hopena i loko. Inā kū ka ʻenekini ikaika loa, e pakele nā ​​kinoea i ʻoi aku ma o nā kiwikā kūikawā. ʻAʻole maikaʻi kēia no ka hiki o ka pila, akā ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻonui i kekahi mea. Mālama ʻole ʻia nā pākana gel.

Nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā meaʻinoʻole

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā paila gel ma mua o nā minus. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka electrolyte o loko i kahi kūlana gel, hiki ke hoʻohana palekana ʻia ka pila ma kahi o nā kūlana a me nā wahi. ʻAʻohe mea e ninini e like me ka hiki me ka electrolyte wai. ʻOiai inā ua hōʻino ʻia ka hihia, ʻaʻole hoʻemi ʻia ka hiki o ka pākuhi.

ʻO ke ola lawelawe o kahi pila gel me ka mālama pono e pili ana iā 10-14 mau makahiki. Ma muli o ka lohi o ke kaʻina hana sulfation, ʻaʻole hāneʻe nā pā, a hiki ke mālama ʻia ia ʻano pila a hiki i nā makahiki 3 me ka ʻole o ka recharging a me ka nalo nui o ka hiki. Lawe pinepine ia i ka 15-20% o ka uku i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Hiki i ke kinikini gel ke kū aʻe i 400 mau hoʻokuʻu piha. Loaʻa hou kēia ma muli o ke kūlana o ka electrolyte. Hoʻoiho koke ka pae uku.

ʻO ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa e ʻae i nā kahawai inrush kiʻekiʻe e lawe ʻia, e hōʻoia ana i ka pono kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO nā mea maikaʻi ʻole me ka ʻike i ka hoʻouka nui a me nā pōʻai pōkole. No laila, hōʻike ia mau bateri i nā palena uila i ʻae ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻouka ʻana. Pono ʻoe e hoʻokau me ka uila o 10% o ka paʻa o nā uila. ʻOiai kahi hoʻokahuli liʻiliʻi hiki ke alakaʻi i kāna ʻole. No laila, paipai ʻia e hoʻohana i nā charger kūikawā me ia mau paila.

I ke anuanu nui loa, hiki i ka silica gel ke paʻa a lilo hoʻi i loko o ka ipu. ʻOiai ʻo nā paila gel e kū i ka hau ma mua o nā paila maʻamau.

ʻO kekahi o nā mea maikaʻi ʻole nui ke kumu kūʻai nui o nā paila gel i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā mea maʻalahi.

Nā paila AGM

ʻO ke kumu o ka hana o nā pākū AGM e like me nā ʻano ʻelua ma mua. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui i ka hoʻolālā o nā mea hoʻokaʻawale a me ke kūlana o ka electrolyte. Ma waena o nā pā kēpau mea fiberglass, i impregnated me ka uila. Kū ʻo AGM no Absorbed Glass Mat a i ʻole Absorbed Glass Fiber. No nā pā, hoʻohana wale ʻia ke kēpau maʻemaʻe wale nō.

ʻO ka Fiberglass a me nā pā e kāomi paʻa ʻia. Mālama ʻia ka electrolyte ma muli o ka porosity o nā mea. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kūʻē haʻahaʻa e pili ana i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻouka a me ke au kick-off kiʻekiʻe.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēlā mau paila me he mau bateri mālama ʻole. Lohi ka sulfation, ʻaʻole hū nā papa. ʻAʻole kahe ka electrolyte a kokoke ʻaʻole e mahu. Pakele nā ​​kinoea keu ma o nā kiwikā kūikawā.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā paila AGM ka hiki ke wili i nā pā i nā wili a i ʻole nā ​​ʻākeʻakeʻa. ʻO kēlā me kēia keʻena i ke ʻano o kahi paukūʻolokaʻa. Hoʻonui kēia i ka wahi o ka launa a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpikipiki. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā pila i kēia hoʻolālā mai ka inoa kaulana OPTIMA kaulana.

Nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā meaʻinoʻole

Hiki ke lawelawe a mālama ʻia nā pila AGM ma nā wahi āpau. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino. Pono ʻoe e nānā i ka pae o ka uku a me ke ʻano o nā maʻi. Hiki ke mālama i ka hāmeʻa no 3 mau makahiki, ʻoiai e lilo ana he 15-20% wale nō o ka uku no kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Hāʻawi kēlā mau paila i nā kahe hoʻomaka kiʻekiʻe a i 1000A. ʻOi aku kēia kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau.

ʻAʻole weliweli nā hoʻokuʻu piha. Hiki i ke kinikini ke pale aku i ka 200 zero hoʻokuʻu ʻia, a i ka 500 hapalua hoʻokuʻu a 1000 hoʻokuʻu i 30%.

Hana maikaʻi nā pila uila AGM ma nā mahana haʻahaʻa. ʻOiai i ka hau hau koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole e emi nā ʻano. ʻAe pū lākou i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 60-70 ° C.

E like me nā pila uila, makaʻu nā AGM i ka hoʻouka ʻana. E hōʻino ana kahi overcurrent liʻiliʻi i ka uila. Ma luna o 15V ua ʻano koʻikoʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia kahi pōkole pōkole. No laila, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana mau i kahi pā hoʻolaʻa.

ʻOi aku ke kumu kūʻai o nā pila uila AGM ma mua o nā mea maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi ma mua o nā gel.

haʻina

ʻOiai me nā pōmaikaʻi koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā pēlē gel a me AGM ke ʻomi i nā paila acid-lead. ʻOi aku ka uku o nā mea hope loa a hana maikaʻi i kā lākou hana i kahi kaʻa. ʻOiai i ke kau anuanu, ua lawa ʻo 350-400A no ka mea hoʻomaka e hoʻomaka i ka ʻenekini.

Ma ke kaʻa, pili pili wale nō nā AGM a i ʻole nā ​​pila uila inā nui ka nui o nā mea kūʻai aku i ka ikehu. No laila, ua ʻike lākou i ka noi ākea e like me nā lako mālama ikehu mai nā paneli o ka lā, nā mahiʻai makani, i nā home a i ʻole he kumuwaiwai a me nā hāmeʻa lawe like ʻole.