Nā hoʻonui hou o ka M60 Cz. 2
ʻO ka pahu M60 SLEP, i ʻike ʻia ʻo M60A4S, he manaʻo hoʻohui hou no ka ʻohana M60 mai Raytheon a me L-3.
Ma muli o ka kaulana o nā pahu M60 me nā hoa pili ʻAmelika (kekahi o lākou ma mua) a puni ka honua, ke lawelawe mau nei nā M60 i nā ʻāina he nui - ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka poʻe i hiki ʻole ke kūʻai aku i nā kaʻa o nā hanauna ʻekolu. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka makahiki 50, ʻoi aku ma mua o XNUMX mau makahiki ma hope o kāna mau hoʻololi mua i komo i ka lawelawe ma ka US Army, e noʻonoʻo ʻia ana ka hoʻonui ʻana o ko lākou ola lawelawe a me ka hoʻololi hou ʻana.
ʻO ka pahu pahu M60 Patton, i hana ʻia e Chrysler Corporation, i komo i ka lawelawe me ka US Army i Dekemaba 1960 (ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ma mua iki, ma Malaki 1959), ʻo ia ka mea pani i ka M48 (ʻo Patton pū kekahi). ʻO ka mea nui, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka pahu kaua nui mua ma ka US Army, ʻoiai ua manaʻo ʻia e pani i nā pahu koʻikoʻi hope loa o ʻAmelika, ʻo ka M103. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka Soviet T-62 i kona ʻano like ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka pale hao. I kēlā manawa he mīkini hou ia, ʻoiai he mea kaumaha, ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o 46 tons (ka mana kumu o ka M60). No ka hoʻohālikelike, pono e haʻi i ke kaumaha o nā pahu ʻē aʻe o ia au: M103 - 59 tons, M48 - 45 tons, T-62 - 37,5 tons, T-10M - 57,5 tons. Ua kāhiko maikaʻi ʻia, no ka mea ma ka M60 version ka hull a hiki i ka 110 mm mānoanoa, ka turret a hiki i ka 178 mm mānoanoa, a ma muli o ka slope a me ka profiling o nā lau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mānoanoa kūpono. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻopau ʻia nā mea maikaʻi o nā mea kaua e nā ʻāpana nui o nā hull o nā pahu M60A1/A3 (lōʻihi me ka ʻole o ka pahu × laula × kiʻekiʻe: kokoke. nā mea kaua a me nā mea kaua: ma kahi o 6,95 .3,6 x 3,3 x 62 m). Eia kekahi, ua lako pono ka M6,7 (3,35 mm M2,4 cannon - he palapala laikini o ka British L60 tank gun, me nā mea lawe lima pono a me nā pu kumulative i loaʻa mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lawelawe), wikiwiki loa (105 km / h, hāʻawi ʻia e ka Continental AVDS-68 - 7-cylinder engine) 48A me ka mana o 12 kW / 1790 hp, e launa pū ana me kahi hydromechanical transmission GMC CD-2), a ma nā lima o kahi hui i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia a hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi ʻia he hoa paio weliweli. no kekahi tank Soviet o ia manawa. ʻO ka mea koʻikoʻi ʻo ka nānā ʻana a me ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea hana i maikaʻi loa ia manawa: ʻo ka M551D ka ʻike telescopic i ka lā me ka 750x kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka M850A105 (a i ʻole C) rangefinder ʻike me ke ana ʻana mai 8 a 17 m, ʻo ka ʻike o ka luna M1 turret. me kāna mau mea kani ponoʻī (M500C a me ʻewalu periscopes) a me ka hope o ka periscope rotating o ka mea hoʻoili M4400. I ka hihia o nā hana pō, e hoʻololi ʻia nā mea hana nui a ka luna a me ka pū e nā M1 a me M28 night vision device (ʻo ia hoʻi), e launa pū me ka AN/VSS-37 infrared illuminator.
Ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka M60
Ua manaʻo ʻia nā hana hoʻomohala ma hope mai e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ke kaua no nā makahiki he nui e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka M60A1, ka mea i komo i ka lawelawe i ka makahiki 1962, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi pā kaua hou, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, hoʻoikaika ʻia nā mea kaua o mua, hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā pū mai 60 a 63 mau pōʻai, a ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻelua mau mokulele electro-hydraulic stabilization o ka mea kaua nui. He ʻumi makahiki ma hope mai, e holo ana i ka nalu o ka mahalo no nā mea kaua missile (a i ka pane ʻana i ka M60A1 kahiko), ua hoʻolauna ʻia ka mana M60A2 Starship, i lako me kahi turret hou. Loaʻa iā ia kahi pū rifled haʻahaʻa 152-mm M162 (he ʻano pōkole o ia mea i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pahu mokulele mokulele M551 Sheridan), i hoʻohana pū ʻia e puhi i nā missiles alakaʻi MGM-51 Shillelagh, i manaʻo ʻia e hāʻawi i ka hiki ke hana pololei. pā i nā pahu hopu, me nā mea pale kaua ma kahi lōʻihi. ʻO nā pilikia ʻenehana mau a me ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kaua i alakaʻi ʻia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo 526 wale nō (e like me nā kumu ʻē aʻe he 540 a i ʻole 543) o kēia mau pahu (nā turrets hou ma ka chassis M60 kahiko) i hana ʻia, i hoʻololi koke ʻia i nā kūlana Air Force. . mana M60A3 a i ʻole no nā lako kūikawā. Ua hana ʻia ka M60A3 i ka makahiki 1978 ma ke ʻano he pane i nā pilikia me ka M60A2. ʻO nā hoʻololi i ka M60A1 i hoʻokomo ʻia, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā mea hoʻomalu ahi hou, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi ʻōnaehana ahi maʻalahi. Mai ka waena o 1979, ma ka M60A3 (TTS) mana, ʻo ia kēia: AN/VSG-2 TTS i ke ao a me ka pō ʻike kiʻi wela no ka mea pū a me ke alakaʻi, ka AN/VVG-2 ruby laser rangefinder me ka laulā o luna. i 5000 m a me ka M21 kikohoʻe ballistic kamepiula. Mahalo i kēia, ua piʻi nui ka pololei o ka pana mua mai ka pūkuniahi M68. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi pū mīkini M7,62 coaxial 240 mm hou, ua loaʻa i ka mea hoʻokele kahi periscope passive AN / VVS-3A, ʻeono (2x3) mau mea hoʻokuʻu grenade uahi a me kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe uahi, kahi ʻōnaehana kinai ahi a me nā ala hou i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. hoʻokomo pū ʻia. . ʻO ka nui o ka hana ʻana o M60 he 15 ʻāpana.
Aia i ka 70s, ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka Iron Curtain, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kaʻa T-64A/B, T-80/B a me T-72A i ka laina, kahi i hiki ʻole ai i nā poʻe holo o nā Pattons i ʻike ʻole ʻia. hakakā ma ka hakakā like. No kēia kumu, ua hoʻomohala ʻo Teledyne Continental Motors i kahi papahana hoʻonaʻauao hohonu no Patton, i kapa ʻia ʻo Super M70, i ka manawa o nā makahiki 80 a me 60. ʻO ka pōʻai hou i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka makahiki 1980 i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui nui i nā hiki o ka M60. Ua loaʻa i ka kaʻa nā mea kaua hou multilayer, pale nui ʻia mai nā pūpū cumulative, i hoʻololi nui i ke ʻano o ka turret. Eia kekahi, ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui ʻia ke ola o ka poʻe holo moku e kahi ʻōnaehana pale ahi hou. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mana ahi e hoʻopili ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pūkuniahi M68 - M68A1 hou (e like me ka pahu M1) me kahi mālama o 63 mau pōʻai, akā pili pū me M60A3 optoelectronics. ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha i 56,3 tons e koi i nā hoʻololi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia (ua hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hydropneumatic) a me ka lawe ʻana. ʻO ka hope i loko o ka Super M60 e loaʻa i kahi Teledyne CR-1790-1B diesel engine me ka puka o 868,5 kW/1180 hp, i hui pū ʻia me kahi Renk RK 304 hydromechanical transmission automatic. 72 km/h . hola Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i huki ka Super M60 i ka hoihoi mai ka pūʻali koa US, a laila ua kālele ʻo ia i kahi hoʻolālā hou loa - ka M1 Abrams e hiki mai ana.
