ʻO nā meʻe Socialist: ka Skoda Octavia mua

Mai nā pōkā Soviet a me ʻAmelika i ka lawe kūleʻa maikaʻi loa ʻana o Czechist Communist Czech

A hiki i ke Kaua Honua ʻElua, ʻo Czechoslovakia kekahi o nā ʻoihana automotive i hoʻomohala ʻia ma ka honua - me ka nui o nā mea hana, nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka waiwai enviable o kāna mau ʻenehana a me nā hoʻolālā hoʻolālā.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia nā hoʻololi cardinal ma hope o ke kaua. ʻO ka mea mua, i loko o ʻApelila a Mei Mei 1945, ua luku kokoke i nā mea hana pōkā Allied i nā hale hana Skoda ma Pilsen a me Mlada Boleslav.

Hōʻike kēia kiʻi waihona i ka US 324th Bomber Squadron e hele ana i kāna huakaʻi hope loa o ke kaua, ʻo ka pana ʻana o ka hale hana Skoda ma Pilsen.

ʻOiai i kēlā manawa ua hana lākou i nā lako kaua no nā Kelemania, ua hoʻomau kēia mau mea kanu ʻelua i ka hana a hiki i kēia manawa, ʻoiai ua kokoke lākou i nā wahi lehulehu a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe make kīwila. I ka pūnāwai o 1945, e hoʻopau ana ke kaua, a ua maopopo ʻaʻole hiki i nā huahana o nā hale hana ʻelua ke hiki i mua. ʻO ka hoʻoholo e hoʻouka iā Pilsen i ka lā 25 ʻApelila he ʻano politika - i ʻole e hāʻule nā ​​​​kaʻa a me nā mea hana i ka lima o nā pūʻali Soviet. ʻEono wale nō poʻe hana hale hana i pepehi ʻia ma Pilsen, akā hāʻule kuhihewa i nā pōkā i luku aku i 335 mau hale a make 67 mau kānaka kīwila.

ʻO ka mea kanu ma Mladá Boleslav i pana ʻia e ka Soviet Petlyakov Pe-2, kokoke i hoʻokahi lā ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kaua.

ʻOi aku ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana o ka pana ʻana iā Mlada Boleslav i hana ʻia e ka Soviet Air Force ma Mei 9 - kokoke i kahi lā ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana o Kelemania. He wahi kaʻa kaʻa nui ke kūlanakauhale a ua ʻākoakoa nā koa Kelemania he nui ma ʻaneʻi. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻouka ʻana ʻaʻole i hoʻokō i nā ʻōlelo o ka hāʻawi ʻana. 500 poʻe i make, 150 o lākou he poʻe kīwila Czech, hāʻule ka hale hana Skoda.

ʻO kēia ka nānā ʻana o ka mea kanu ma Mlada Boleslav ma hope o nā pōkā Soviet. Kiʻi mai ka Hale Waihona Archives o Czech State.

ʻOiai ka pōʻino, ua hoʻomaka koke ʻo Skoda e hoʻomaka hou i ka hana ma ka hui ʻana i ka Pre-war Popular 995. A i ka makahiki 1947, i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ka hana ʻana o ka Moskvich-400 (ma ke ʻano o ka Opel Kadett o ka 1938 model) i ka USSR, ua mākaukau nā Czechs. e pane me kā lākou kumu hoʻohālike mua ma hope o ke kaua - ka Skoda 1101 Tudor.

I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēia he hiʻohiʻona hou loa, akā he kaʻa hou wale nō ia mai nā makahiki 30. Hoʻokele ʻia ia e ka 1.1-liter 32 horsepower engine (no ka hoʻohālikelike, hoʻopuka ka ʻenekini Muscovite i 23 horsepower wale nō ma ka leo like).

1101 Tudor - ke kumu hoʻohālike Skoda ma hope o ke kaua

ʻO ka hoʻololi koʻikoʻi loa o ka Tudor aia i ka hoʻolālā - me nā ʻēheu kūwaho, ʻaʻole he hoʻolālā pontoon, akā ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o kēia manawa ma mua o nā hiʻohiʻona mua o ke kaua.

ʻAʻole ʻo Tudor he kumu hoʻohālike nui: ʻaʻole lawa nā lako maka, a ma ka Czechoslovakia socialist mua (ma hope o 1948), ʻaʻole hiki i kahi kamaʻāina maʻamau ke moeʻuhane i kāna kaʻa ponoʻī. I ka makahiki 1952, no ka laʻana, he 53 mau kaʻa pilikino wale nō i hoʻopaʻa inoa. ʻO ia ke kumu he nui nā hoʻololi o ka Skoda 90-1101: kahi hoʻololi, kahi kaʻa kaʻa ʻekolu puka a me kahi alanui.

Skoda 1200. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kamaʻāina Czechoslovak maʻamau ke kūʻai aku iā ia, ʻoiai inā loaʻa nā kumu.

I ka makahiki 1952, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka Skoda 1200 i ka lineup - ʻo ke kumu hoʻohālike mua me ke kino metala āpau, ʻoiai ʻo Tudor i ʻāpana lāʻau. Ua hana ka engine i 36 horsepower, a ma ka Skoda 1201 - e like me 45 mau lio. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā ʻano o ke kaʻa kaʻa 1202 i hana ʻia ma Vrahlabi i ka pūʻulu socialist holoʻokoʻa, me Bulgaria, ma ke ʻano he ambulance. ʻAʻohe mea o ka Eastern Bloc i hana i kēia ʻano kaʻa.

ʻO Skoda 1202 Combi ma ke ʻano he kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa. Hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i Bulgaria, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka ʻikepili ma nā kiʻi kikoʻī. Ua lawelawe kekahi o lākou i nā haukapila moku i nā makahiki 80.

I ka hapa lua o nā makahiki 50, ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o Stalinism a me ka moʻomeheu o ke ʻano, ua hoʻomaka ka piʻi ʻana ma Czechoslovakia, ka ʻuhane a me ka ʻoihana. ʻO kāna hiʻohiʻona nani i Skoda ke kumu hoʻohālike hou 440. Ua kapa mua ʻia ʻo Spartak, akā haʻalele i ka inoa. - ʻaʻole i ʻike nui ʻia i nā mea kūʻai aku ma ke Komohana. Hoʻohana ʻia ka moʻo mua e ka ʻenekini 1.1-horsepower 40-lita, a ukali ʻia e ka 445 1.2-lita 45-horsepower ʻokoʻa. ʻO kēia ke kaʻa mua i kapa ʻia ʻo Skoda Octavia.

Skoda 440 Spartak. Eia naʻe, ua kāpae koke ʻia ka inoa o ka gladiator Thracian i mea e ʻike ʻole ai ka poʻe kūʻai ma hope o ka "Iron Curtain" "komunist". CSFR Desperate No Kālā Kālā Hoʻololi

Eia hou, hāʻawi nā Czechs e hoʻokuʻu aku i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole - aia kahi sedan, aia kahi kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa ʻekolu-puka, aia kekahi ʻano alanui ʻoluʻolu a paʻakikī i kapa ʻia ʻo Felicia. Ke hoʻokani nei lākou i nā mana māhoe māhoe - hoʻopuka ka ʻenekini 1.1-lita i ka 50 horsepower, aʻo ka 1.2-lita ka 55. ʻO ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe e lele i 125 km / h - he hōʻailona maikaʻi o ke au no ka neʻe liʻiliʻi.

Skoda Octavia, 1955 hoʻokuʻu

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 60, ua kūkulu hou ʻia ka mea kanu ma Mladá Boleslav a hoʻomaka e hana i kahi hiʻohiʻona hou loa me kahi mīkini hope - Skoda 1000 MB (mai Mlada Boleslav, ʻoiai. в Ma ka moʻolelo kaʻa kaʻa Bulgarian, ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ʻo "1000 Whites".). Akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa ka ʻenekini hope a me ke kaʻa kaʻa, no laila ua hoʻomau ka hana ʻana o ka Skoda Octavia Combi kahiko a hiki i ka makahiki 70.