Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻa uila? ʻEhia makahiki e pani ai ka pilahi uila? [PANE]

ʻO nā kaʻa uila he mau makahiki wale nō ma mua o ka hoʻolei ʻia ʻana o ka pākaukau? He aha ka manaʻo o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pilahi uila? ʻEhia ka nui o ke kaʻa uila i ka huina o kona mau ʻāpana? ʻEhia mau ʻāpana i loko?

ʻElua mau lā i hala aku nei ua wehewehe mākou i ke kūlana o kahi ʻenekini Australia nona ka Nissan Leaf (2012) i nalowale kokoke i 2/3 o kāna ʻano i loko o 7 mau makahiki. Ma hope o 5 mau makahiki, hele wale ke kaʻa i 60 mau kilomita ma ka uku hoʻokahi, ʻelua mau makahiki ma hope - ma 2019 - 40 mau kilomita i ke kauwela a he 25 mau kilomita wale nō i ka hoʻoilo. I ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka pākaukau, ua uku ʻia ka hale kūʻai iā ia no ka like me PLN 89:

> Nissan Lau. Ma hope o 5 mau makahiki, ua hāʻule ka mana mana i 60 km, ʻo ka pono e hoʻololi i ka pākaukau e like me ... 89 tausani. zloty

Nui nā manaʻo e pili ana i kēia kumuhana ma hope o ka hoʻolaha ʻana. E ho'āʻo kākou e mālama iā lākou.

Ka papa o nā mea

• Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻa uila? Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka pākaukau?
  • Pehea e pili ana i nā kaʻa uila a me nā mīkini? ʻOihana: miliona mau kilomita
  • Pehea na pila?
    • ʻO ka 800-1 cycles ke kumu, ke neʻe nei mākou i nā kaukani mau kaukani
  • Inā he uʻi ʻo ia, no ke aha ʻo ia i ʻilihune?
    • Kūlana - palapala hōʻoia 8 makahiki / 160 tausani km.
  • Hōʻuluʻulu

E hoʻomaka kākou me kēia ʻāpana mīkini o ke kaʻa uila ʻO Odraz ke kino ʻAʻole like lākou me nā mea i loaʻa i nā kaʻa puhi ahi. E pau nā loulou stabilizer ma nā puka poli, e pau ka pipili ʻana o nā mea haʻalulu, a hiki i ke kino ke ʻeleʻele. He mea maʻamau kēia a pili i ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana e like a like paha me nā hiʻohiʻona like o ka hōʻailona like.

BMW iNext (c) BMW waho

Pehea e pili ana i nā kaʻa uila a me nā mīkini? ʻOihana: miliona mau kilomita

Maikaʻi ʻenekini i kēia lā ke kumu o ka ʻoihana honua, kā lākou Hoʻoholo ʻia ka mana kūʻokoʻa mai nā ʻumi a i nā haneli haneli kanaka-holama muli o ka hoʻolālā a me ka ukana. Ua ʻōlelo kekahi ʻenekini uila Finnish he 100 kanaka-hola ma ka awelika., pono e hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā miliona kilomika:

> ʻO Tesla me ka mile mile kiʻekiʻe loa? Ua uhi mua ka mea hoʻokele kaʻa ʻo Finnish i 400 mau kilomita

ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki ke hōʻemi ʻia kēia mau "miliona" i ʻumi kaukani inā loaʻa nā ʻenekini i nā hemahema hoʻolālā a i ʻole mākou e hoʻokau iā lākou i ka palena. Eia naʻe, ma lalo o ka hoʻohana maʻamau, pono ke ʻai e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo - ʻO kēia ka Tesla Model 3 kaʻa kaʻa me 1 mau mile mile.:

Pehea na pila?

Maʻaneʻi ua ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kūlana. I kēia mau lā, manaʻo ʻia ʻo 800-1 mau kaʻina hoʻopiʻi he maʻamau kūpono, me kahi pōʻai piha piha i manaʻo ʻia a hiki i ka 000 pākēneka o ka uku (a i ʻole ʻelua a 100 pakeneka ka nui o ka pākaukau, etc.). No laila, inā holo kaʻa ʻOiaʻiʻo 300 km mai ka pila (Nissan Leaf II: 243 km, Opel Corsa-e: 280 km, Tesla Model 3 SR +: 386 km, etc.), a laila Pono e lawa ka 800-1 cycles no 000-240 tausani mau kilomita... A i ʻole:

> ʻEhia mau manawa e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka pākaukau ma kahi kaʻa uila? BMW i3: 30-70 makahiki

Wahi a ka Central Statistical Office, pili kēia helu i 20-25 mau makahiki o ka hana.

Akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia wale nō: ʻo kēia ʻO 240-300 tausani mau kilomita ʻaʻole ka palena ma mua o ka hiki ke hoʻolei wale ʻia ka pākaukau... Hiki wale i ka 70-80 pakeneka o kona mana mua. Ma muli o kona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (mana nāwaliwali), ʻaʻole kūpono ia no nā noi kaʻa, akā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no kekahi mau makahiki a i ʻole he mea mālama ikehu. ʻO ka home a i ʻole ka ʻoihana.

A laila wale nō, i ka lawelawe ʻana i 30-40 mau makahiki, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia. ʻO ka hana hou, i kēia lā hiki iā mākou ke hoʻihoʻi hou ma kahi o 80 pakeneka o nā mea āpau:

> Fortum: Hoʻohana hou mākou ma luna o 80 ka nui o nā mea mai nā pākahi lithium-ion i hoʻohana ʻia.

ʻO ka 800-1 cycles ke kumu, ke neʻe nei mākou i nā kaukani mau kaukani

ʻO ka pōʻaiapuni 1 i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ia ka maʻamau i kēia lā, akā ua hala nā laboratories ma mua o kēia palena. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi hou i paʻi ʻia e hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā cell lithium-ion hiki ke kū i nā kaukani mau kaukani. No laila, pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka 000-20 mau makahiki o ka hana i helu ʻia e 25 a i ʻole 3:

> ʻO ka lab, i hoʻohana ʻia e Tesla, e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i nā mea e kū i nā miliona miliona.

Inā he uʻi ʻo ia, no ke aha ʻo ia i ʻilihune?

No hea mai ka pilikia o Australia? ʻenekinia, inā pono e lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o kona pākaukau? Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o kāna pākaukau i nā ʻenehana i ʻike ʻia ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, malia paha mai ka wā i paʻi ai ka iPhone mua i ka mākeke.

ʻOiai i nā kaʻa ʻoi loa i kūʻai ʻia i kēia lā, loaʻa iā mākou ka ʻenehana i hoʻomohala ʻia ma kahi o 3-5 mau makahiki i hala. Pehea e hiki ai? ʻAe, ʻoi aku ka mālie o ka decompose cell, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ko lākou hiki.

Audi Q4 e-tron (c) Audi

ʻAʻole i emi iki ke kumu ʻelua, a ʻoi aku paha ka mea nui: ʻO Nissan kekahi o nā mea hana liʻiliʻi e koho i ka hoʻoluʻu pālolo passive.. Ua hoʻokē ʻai ʻia ke kaʻa a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kaʻa i nā wela kiʻekiʻe - e like me ka Australian scoundrel.

ʻO ka ʻoi aku ka wela, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka degradation a no keia kumu ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea hana e hoʻohana i ka ea ikaika a i ʻole ka hoʻoluʻu wai no nā pā. I ka hihia o ka Nissan Leaf, hoʻopakele ke aniau. ʻO ka Australian i haʻi ʻia ma mua o 90 tausani mau kilomita, a ʻo ka mea hoʻokele kaʻa Spanish he 354 tausani mau kilomita ma mua o kona hoʻololi ʻana i ka pākaukau:

> Nissan Leaf i ka wela wela: 354 kilomita, hoʻololi pākaukau

Kūlana - palapala hōʻoia 8 makahiki / 160 tausani km.

I kēia lā, kokoke i kēlā me kēia mea hana EV he palapala hōʻoia no 8 mau makahiki a i ʻole 160-60 mau kilomita a hōʻike lākou e hoʻololi lākou i ka pākaukau inā loaʻa kahi mea i hoʻopiha piha ʻia he ~ 70 a hiki i ka XNUMX pakeneka o kona mana kumu.

No laila, e hoʻāʻo kākou e noʻonoʻo i ʻekolu mau hiʻohiʻona:

1. Nalo koke ka pākaukau... I kēia hihia, aia paha ka mea pani ma lalo o ka palapala hōʻoia, ʻo ia. e loaʻa i ka mea kūʻai kaʻa ma hope o ke kaʻa pākaukau me ka mile mile haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku paha ka holomua. Ua lanakila ʻo ia!
2. Ke nalo mālie nei ka pākaukau. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻole ʻia ka pākaukau ma hope o 1 pōʻai, a i ʻole 000-15 mau makahiki, e pili ana i ka mileage makahiki. ʻO ka mea kūʻai i kaʻa i ka makahiki o 25+ pono e noʻonoʻo i ka pilikia o nā lilo nui - pili kēia i nā ʻano kaʻa a pau.

Aia kekahi ʻekolu, "medium" koho: e lilo ka pākaukau i mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻohana koke ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka palapala hōʻoia. E pale wale ia keia mau kaa. a i ʻole e kūkākūkā i kā lākou kumukūʻai. ʻO kā lākou kumukūʻai e like me ke kumukūʻai o nā kaʻa me ka haki ʻana i ke kāʻei manawa i ka hui ʻana o ka ʻenekini.

ʻAʻohe kanaka maʻamau e kūʻai i kēlā kaʻa ma ke kumukūʻai piha ...

> ʻO nā kumukūʻai o kēia manawa no nā kaʻa uila: Ua nalowale ʻo Smart, ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi loa ʻo VW e-Up mai PLN 96.

Hōʻuluʻulu

Pono ke kaʻa uila o kēia wā me ka pilikia ʻole ma ka liʻiliʻi kekahi mau makahiki - a me ka hoʻohana koʻikoʻi kēia. Ma lalo o nā kūlana hoʻokele maʻamau, kū i kāna mau mea:

• pākaukau - mai nā makahiki he nui,
• mīkini - mai nā makahiki he nui a hiki i nā haneli,
• kino / kino - e like me ke kaʻa puhi ahi,
• chassis - like me ke kaʻa puhi ahi,
• clutch - ʻaʻole, a laila ʻaʻohe pilikia,
• pahu pahu - ʻaʻole, ʻaʻohe pilikia (koe wale: Rimac, Porsche Taycan),
• kāʻei manawa - ʻaʻole, ʻaʻohe pilikia.

A inā makaʻu ʻo ia i nā kaʻa uila, pono ʻo ia e heluhelu, no ka laʻana, ka moʻolelo o kēia Kelemania. I kēia lā aia ia ma kahi o 1 miliona mau kilomita:

> ʻO Tesla Model S a me ka moʻolelo mileage. Ua huakaʻi ka Kelemania i 900 mau kilomita a ua hoʻololi i ka pākaukau i hoʻokahi manawa a hiki i kēia manawa.

E hoihoi paha kēia iā ʻoe: