ʻO Siverti

Ana ʻia ka hopena o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā mea ola ma nā ʻāpana i kapa ʻia ʻo sieverts (Sv). Ma Polani, he 2,4 millisieverts (mSv) ka awelika o ka hoʻoheheʻe radiation makahiki mai nā kumu kūlohelohe. Me nā kukui X, loaʻa iā mākou kahi maʻi o 0,7 mSv, a ʻo ka noho ʻana o hoʻokahi makahiki i loko o kahi hale pau ʻole ma luna o kahi substrate granite e pili ana me ka nui o 20 mSv. Ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Ramsar Iran (ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 mau kānaka), ʻo 300 mSv ka nui o ka makahiki kūlohelohe. Ma nā wahi ma waho o ka NPP Fukushima, hiki i ka pae pollution kiʻekiʻe loa i kēia manawa i ka 20 mSv i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka makahiki ma lalo o 0,001 mSv ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i loaʻa ma kahi kokoke i kahi mea kanu nuklea e hana nei.

ʻAʻohe mea i make i ka radiation ionizing i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka wā o Fukushima-XNUMX ulia. No laila, ʻaʻole i helu ʻia ka hanana ma ke ʻano he pōʻino (ʻo ia ka hopena o ka make ʻana o ʻeono mau kānaka), akā ma ke ʻano he ulia pōpilikia koʻikoʻi.

I ka ikehu nuklea, ʻo ka pale ʻana i ke olakino kanaka a me ke ola ka mea nui loa. No laila, ma hope koke iho o ka ulia pōpilikia ma Fukushima, ua kauoha ʻia kahi haʻalele ʻana ma kahi 20-kilomita a puni ka mana mana, a laila ua hoʻonui ʻia i 30 km. Ma waena o 220 tausani mau kānaka mai nā ʻāina i haumia, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā hihia o ka pōʻino olakino i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka radiation ionizing.

ʻAʻole pilikia nā keiki ma Fukushima. I loko o ka hui o nā keiki 11 i loaʻa i ka nui o ka radiation radiation, ʻo ka nui o nā doses i ka thyroid gland mai 5 a 35 mSv, e pili ana i kahi maʻi i ke kino holoʻokoʻa mai 0,2 a 1,4 mSv. Paipai ka International Atomic Energy Agency i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka iodine paʻa ma kahi maʻi thyroid ma luna o 50 mSv. No ka hoʻohālikelike: e like me nā kūlana US o kēia manawa, ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ka nui ma hope o kahi ulia pōpilikia ma ka palena o ka wahi hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma mua o 3000 mSv i ka thyroid gland. Ma Polani, e like me ka Decree of the Council of Ministers of 2004, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e lawelawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ka iodine paʻa inā loaʻa i kekahi kanaka mai kahi pōʻino ka manawa e loaʻa ai kahi maʻi o ka liʻiliʻi o 100 mSv i ka thyroid gland. Ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻohe mea e pono ai.

Hōʻike ka ʻikepili ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka radiation i ka wā o ka ulia ʻo Fukushima, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻemi ʻia nā hopena radiological hope o ka ulia. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana radiation i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma waho o ka hale mana ma mua o ka nui o ka nui o ka makahiki. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku kēia mau piʻi ma mua o hoʻokahi lā a no laila ʻaʻole i pili i ke olakino o ka lehulehu. Ke ʻōlelo nei ke kānāwai i mea e hoʻoweliweli ai, pono lākou e noho ma luna o ka maʻamau no hoʻokahi makahiki.

Ua hoʻi ka poʻe kamaʻāina mua i ka wahi hoʻokuʻu ma waena o 30 a me 20 km mai ka mana mana i ʻeono mahina ma hope o ka ulia.

ʻO ka pollution kiʻekiʻe loa ma nā wahi ma waho o Fukushima-2012 NPP i kēia manawa (ma 20) hiki i 1 mSv i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻopau ʻia nā wahi i hoʻohaumia ʻia e ka wehe ʻana i ka papa luna o ka lepo, ka lepo a me nā ʻōpala. ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, ʻo ia ke hōʻemi i ka nui o ka makahiki ma lalo o XNUMX mSv.

Ua helu ka Japan Atomic Energy Commission ma hope o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā kumukūʻai e pili ana i ke ōlaʻi a me ke kai eʻe, me nā kumukūʻai o ka haʻalele ʻana, ka uku a me ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka NPP Fukushima, ʻo ka ikehu nuklea ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa loa o ka ikehu ma Iapana.

Pono e hoʻoikaika i ka emi ʻana o ka hoʻohaumia ʻana me nā huahana fission me ka manawa, ʻoiai kēlā me kēia atom, ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka radiation, pau ka radioactive. No laila, i ka wā lōʻihi, hāʻule ka radioactive contamination ma kahi o ka ʻole. I ka hihia o ka hoʻohaumia kemika, ʻaʻole e decompose pinepine nā mea haumia a, inā ʻaʻole e hoʻopau ʻia, hiki ke make a hiki i nā miliona makahiki.

Puna: National Center for Nuclear Research.