Pu hoouka Sturmtiger
Pu hoouka Sturmtiger 38 knm RW61 ma ka Tiger Assault Mortar;
I ka wā o ke Kaua Honua 2, ua hana ʻo Kelemania i nā ʻano ʻano kaʻa kaua kaua, me nā pahu hoʻouka kaua. Ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau kaʻa no ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā hana hoʻokele ma nā wahi i kūkulu ʻia, a me ke kaua ʻana i nā pā kaua ʻenemi. ʻO ka mīkini mua o kēia papa ʻo ia ka Sturminfanteriegeschuetz 33, i hana ʻia ma ke kumu o ka pū hoʻouka kaua Sturmgeschuetz III a me ka 150 mm 15 cm sIG 33 howitzer infantry kaumaha. ʻO ka pahu hoʻouka kaua aʻe ʻo Sturmpanzer IV Brummbaer (Sd.Kfz.1942). Ua hana ʻia ka Brummbaer ma ke kumu o ka pahu PzKpfw IV a ua paʻa pū ʻia me kahi howitzer 24mm. I ka manawa mai 166 a 150, ua loaʻa i ka pūʻali koa Kelemania he 1943 mau kaʻa o kēia ʻano. ʻO ke kolu a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pahu hoʻouka kaua ʻo Sturmtiger, i komo i ka lawelawe ma 1945.
I ka ho'omaka 'ana o Mei 1942, ho'omaka ka hana ma ka papahana "Sturmpanzer" "Baer" (assault tank "Bear"). Ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pahu me kahi pūkuniahi 305-mm i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi hale huila paʻa ma ka chassis o ka pahu Panzerkampfwagen VI "Tiger". ʻO ke kaumaha o ka pahu hou he 120 tons. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e kau i ka pahu i kahi mīkini 12-cylinder Maybach HL230P30 me ka mana o 700 hp, e hiki ai i kēia colossus ke hiki i ka wikiwiki o 20 km / h. ʻO ka mea kaua o ka "Bear" he pūkuniahi 305-mm, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi mask. ʻO ka manaʻo wale nō i ka mokulele kū i hāʻawi ʻia, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe mai 0 a 70 degere, ʻo ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ke ahi he 10500 m. ʻO kahi projectile pahū kiʻekiʻe e kaupaona ana he 350 kg he 50 kg o nā mea pahū. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka "Bear" i hiki i ka 8,2 m, ka laulā 4,1 m, ke kiʻekiʻe 3,5 m. Aia ka mea kaua ma kahi kihi, ʻo kona mānoanoa ma nā ʻaoʻao he 80 mm, a ma ka lae 130 mm. He 6 kanaka. Ua noho ka pahu ma ke kahua kaha kiʻi, akā ua hōʻike ʻia i ka pae mua i ka Sturmtiger e hiki mai ana.
I ka hāʻule ʻana o ka makahiki 1942, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka lua o ka makani i ka pāhana pahu hoʻouka kaua ikaika ma ke alanui kaua ma Stalingrad. I kēlā manawa, aia wale nō ka pahu hoʻouka kaua "Brummbaer" i ka pae hoʻomohala. Ma ʻAukake 5, 1943, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻokomo i kahi mortar 380-mm ma ka chassis o ka pahu PzKpfw VI "Tiger". ʻO nā hoʻolālā mua e hoʻopaʻa i ke kaʻa me kahi howitzer 210 mm pono e hoʻoponopono hou ʻia, no ka mea ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka pū pono. Ua kapa ʻia ka kaʻa hou ʻo "38 cm RW61 auf Sturm (panzer) Moeser Tiger", akā ʻike ʻia ʻo "Sturmtiger", "Sturmpanzer" VI a me "Tiger-Moeser". ʻO ka inoa kaulana loa o ka pahu he "Sturmtiger".
ʻO ke kaʻa hou he silhouette e like me ka Brummbaer, akā ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma luna o kahi chassis kaumaha a lawe i nā mea kaua kaumaha. Ua hāʻawi ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana o ka prototype iā Alkett i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻOkakopa 1943. Ma ʻOkakopa 20, 1943, ua hōʻike mua ʻia ka prototype iā Hitler ma ke kahua hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo Aris ma East Prussia. Ua hana ʻia ka prototype ma ke kumu o ka pahu "Tiger". Ua hui ʻia ka hale lole mai nā papa kila. Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ua loaʻa i ke kaʻa kahi ʻōlelo paipai no ka hana nui. I ʻApelila 1944, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻohana i nā hull o nā Tigers i hōʻino ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā pahu hoʻouka kaua, ʻaʻole nā chassis hou. Mai ʻAukake a hiki i Dekemaba 1944, ua ʻākoakoa ʻia he 18 Sturmtigers ma ka hui ʻo Alkett. Ua mākaukau ʻo 10 i Kepakemapa a me 8 i Dekemaba 1944. Hāʻawi ʻia nā hoʻolālā no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā kaʻa he 10 i kēlā me kēia mahina, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō i kēlā mau hōʻailona.
Ua hana ʻia nā kaʻa serial ma ke kumu o kahi chassis ʻano hope, me nā huila alanui metala āpau. ʻAʻole i hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻaoʻao a me lalo, akā ua ʻoki ʻia ka pale pale mua o ka hull e hoʻokomo i kahi keʻena angular. Ua lako ʻia ke kaʻa me kahi ʻenekini 700-horsepower Maybach HL230P45 maʻamau a me kahi pahu pahu Maybach OLVAR OG 401216A (8 mua a me 4 mau mea hoʻohuli). ʻO ka mālama mana 120 km, ka wikiwiki loa 37,5 km / h. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie 450 l no 100 km, ka nui o ka pahu wahie 540 l. He ʻokoʻa ka nui o ka pahu ma mua o ka mana o ka turret: lōʻihi 6,82 m (Tiger 8,45 m), ākea 3,70 m (3,70 m), kiʻekiʻe 2,85 m / 3,46 m me ka crane hāpai (2,93 m). ʻO ka nui o ka "Sturmtigr" i hiki i 65 tons, aʻo ka hale kiaʻi "Tiger" he 57 tons wale nō. He pā mānoanoa ko ka hale: 80 mm mau ʻaoʻao a he 150 mm ka lae. Ua hana ʻia nā keʻena ma ka hui ʻo Brandenburger Eisenwerke. Ua ho'āla hou ʻo "Alkett" i ka laina "Tigers", a ua hele mai nā kaʻa i hoʻopau ʻia i kahi hale kūʻai ma Berlin-Spandau.
Ua paʻa ka Sturmtigr me kahi pahu pahu pōkole 38 cm Raketenwerfer 61 L/5,4 breech-loading rocket launcher. Ua hoʻokuʻu ka mea hoʻokuʻu pōhaku i nā pōhaku pahū kiʻekiʻe ma kahi ākea o 4600 a 6000 mika. Ua hoʻolako ʻia ka mea hoʻolaha rocket me kahi mea ʻimi telescopic "RaK Zielfernrohr 3 × 8. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻelua mau ʻano pōhaku: ʻo Raketen Sprenggranate 4581 "(ka nui o ka pahū kiʻekiʻe 125 kg) a me ka "Raketen Hohladungs-granate 4582". Hiki i nā missiles kumulative ke komo i loko o kahi papa o ka 2,5 m mānoanoa.
Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka mea hoʻolaha rocket e Rheinmetall-Borsing mai Düsseldorf, a ua manaʻo mua ʻia e hakakā i nā submarines. Hiki ke alakaʻi ʻia ka rocket launcher ma ka mokulele ākea e 10 degere ma ka hema a me ka ʻākau, a ma ka mokulele kū i ka ʻāpana mai 0 a 65 degere (theoretically a hiki i 85 degere). Ua hōʻea ka hoʻihoʻi i ka waiwai o 30-40 tons.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi loa mai kahi manaʻo maikaʻi ʻo ia ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopau kinoea. ʻAʻole i komo nā kinoea i loko o ke keʻena hakakā, akā i ka wā i kī ʻia ai i ka lewa, piʻi aʻe kahi ao o ka lepo, kahi i pono ai ke hoʻololi mau i ke kūlana kī. Ma hope mai, ua kaulike ʻia ka pahu o ka mea hoʻolele rocket me nā apo metala, kahi i maʻalahi ai ka ʻimi ʻana. Hiki iā "Sturmtigr" ke hoʻopau i kekahi hale me hoʻokahi pana, akā ʻo kāna ukana he 14 wale nō.
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Ma kahi o ka Jagdtigr tank destroyer, ua hoʻomohala ka hui ʻo Henschel i ka makahiki 1944 ma ke kumu o ka pahu T-VIB "King Tiger" ʻē aʻe i hoʻokuʻu ʻia - ʻo Sturmtigr assault gun. ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i manaʻo ʻia e hana i nā hana kūikawā, e like me ka hakakā ʻana me nā wahi kī kī lōʻihi. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana me kahi puʻupuʻu i hoʻouka ʻia 380-mm mortar kiʻi projectiles i ke kaupaona ʻana he 345 kg. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka mortar i nā kākoʻo o ka hale kiaʻi conning, i kau ʻia ma mua o ka pahu. Ua hoʻolako ʻia ke keʻena me kahi winch mechanical, kahi pā no ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā morta a me kahi mea hāpai no ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā mea kaua i loko o ke kaʻa. Ua hoʻokomo pū kekahi i kahi lekiō, kahi pahu intercom a me nā mea hoʻomalu ahi. ʻO ka mea hoʻokele ponoʻī he mea kaua ikaika, kaumaha loa a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Ua hana ʻia ma nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ke kaua. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia he 18 mau mea hoʻonohonoho.
