SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction): Hana a me nā pono
Nā mea
ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa catalytic koho he hopena kemika e hoʻohuli ai i nā oxides nitrogen i loko o ka mahu wai a me ka nitrogen. Ma nā kaʻa me ka mīkini diesel, aia ka ʻōnaehana SCR (selective catalytic reduction) ma ka pauku a hōʻemi i ka pollution e like me nā koi o ka Euro 6 maʻamau.
🔎 He aha ka ʻōnaehana SCR?
ke kikowaena SCR, no ka hoemi catalytic koho, i kapaia hoemi catalytic koho Ma ka ʻōlelo Palani. He ʻenehana ia e hōʻemi ana i nā hoʻokuʻunaikokene oxides (NOx) nā kaʻa, nā kaʻa, a me nā kaʻa.
ʻO NOx nā kinoea hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻona. Hāʻawi nui lākou i ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ka lewa a ala mai i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā wahie mōʻalihaku e like me ka ʻaila, akā ʻoi aku ka wahie diesel.
Mai kona hoomaka ana ʻO ka maʻamau o ka pale pollution Euro 6 I ka makahiki 2015, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā paepae hou no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka nitrogen oxide no nā kaʻa. Ua laha mālie ka ʻōnaehana SCR a ua hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻa he nui.
Mai ka makahiki 2008, mai ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka maʻamau Euro 5 mua, ua lako nā kaʻa me ka ʻōnaehana SCR. ʻO kēia ka manawa o nā kaʻa diesel hou i haʻalele i ka mea kanu i nā makahiki i hala.
ʻO ka hoʻemi catalytic koho kahi ʻōnaehana e hiki ai ka hoohuli ana i ka NOx i naikokene a me ka mahu wai, nā meaʻai i meaʻinoʻole a maoli maoli. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hana ka ʻōnaehana SCR i kahi hopena kemika i loko o ka exhaust, ka hele ʻana o nā nitrogen oxides a ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana.
Hoʻololi ka ʻōnaehana SCR Kāpili maʻamau, ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻololi i nā kinoea haumia a me nā kinoea ʻawaʻawa i loko o nā kinoea hoʻopau i nā mea hoʻohaumia liʻiliʻi e like me ke ʻano o ka hopena kemika: redox a i ʻole catalytic.
⚙️ Pehea ka hana ʻana o SCR?
ʻO SCR kahi ʻano mea hoʻoheheʻe. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa catalytic koho he hopena kemika e hoʻohuli ai i ka NOx i ka nitrogen a me ka mahu wai e hōʻemi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka nitrogen oxide a no laila ka pollution mai ka puhi ʻana i ka mīkini wela.
No kēia, hana ka SCR mahaloAdBlue, he wai i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana i loko o ka pau. Aia ʻo AdBlue i ka wai demineralised a me ka urea. Hoʻololi ka wela o ke kinoea hoʻopau iā AdBlue amonia, ka mea i hana i ka hoʻololi kemika e pono ai e hoʻololi i nā ʻokikene nitrogen i ka naikokene a me ka mahu wai.
Pono ka ʻōnaehana SCR e hoʻokomo pahu pahu AdBlue... Hoʻolālā ʻia kēia pahu no kēia wai a no laila he koho no ke kaʻa: hoʻohui ʻia i ka pahu wahie. Hiki ke loaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hope, ma ka pae ʻenekini a i ʻole ka pahu o kahi kaʻa.
Ke hoʻopau mālie ʻia ʻo AdBlue e ka SCR, pono e hoʻonui i ka wai i kēlā me kēia manawa. Hiki ke hana i kēia i loko o kahi pahu a i ʻole me kahi pā AdBlue ma kahi hale hana.
Mai ka makahiki 2019, ua lako kekahi mau kaʻa me ka SCR Evolution System. Ma kahi o hoʻokahi catalyst, hoʻokahi kaʻa. mau : kahi kokoke i ka enegini, a o kekahi ma lalo. ʻAe kēia i ka hoʻomalu maikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā mea haumia.
⚠️ He aha nā hemahema e hiki ke hālāwai me SCR?
Hiki i kahi ʻōnaehana SCR ke hoʻopili i nā ʻano hemahema ʻelua:
- Le nele o AdBlue ;
- O kahoʻopaʻa ʻia SCR.
Aia ʻo AdBlue i loko o kahi pahu kūikawā, aia ma nā kaʻa hou e kū mau ana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pahu wahie, me kahi pāpale ma lalo o ka pāpale hoʻopihapiha. Ma kahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana iā AdBlue 3% hoʻohana diesela e hele mai ana ke kukui a'o ma ka dashboard ke koe wale no 2400 km ma mua o ka pau ana.
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻohui iā AdBlue, e pau ka hana ʻana o ka SCR. Akā ʻo ka mea nui, e hoʻokuʻu ʻia kāu kaʻa. Pilikia ʻoe hiki ole ke kumu.
ʻO kekahi pilikia e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana SCR, clogging, pili i ka hana catalyst, e like me ka catalyst maʻamau. Ma muli o ka hopena kemika i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka cyanuric acid, hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i ka SCR. A laila pono e ʻoki ʻia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pau.
Inā haumia kāu ʻōnaehana hoʻemi catalytic koho, e ʻike ʻoe i kēia mau hōʻailona:
- Haʻule ka mana ʻenekini ;
- Ke ʻoki nei ka ʻenekini ;
- ʻO ka hōʻemi wahie nui loa.
I kēia hihia, mai kali no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana SCR. A i ʻole, pono ʻoe e hoʻololi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ke kumu kūʻai o nā SCR.
ʻO ia, ʻike ʻoe i nā mea āpau e pili ana iā SCR! E like me kāu i hoʻomaopopo mua ai, ua pālahalaha kēia ʻōnaehana i kahi kaʻa ma nā kaʻa diesel no e hoemi i ko lakou haumia... I kēia lā ua lilo ia i mea kaua nui i ka hakakā ʻana i nā nitrogen oxides, nā kinoea me ka hopena ʻōmaʻomaʻo ikaika.
