ʻO ka nani loa, kaulana, kiʻiʻoniʻoni - ʻāpana 1

Hōʻike mākou i nā kaʻa kaʻao a me nā kaʻa ʻokoʻa, me ka ʻole o ia mea paʻakikī ke noʻonoʻo i ka mōʻaukala o ka ʻoihana kaʻa.

ʻO ka patent a Benz no ke kaʻa mua o ka honua

ke kaʻa ʻoiaʻiʻo, he huahana nui a pono. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kaʻa e holo ana ma nā alanui a puni ka honua ʻaʻole kū i waho ma kekahi ʻano. No ka maikaʻi a i ʻole ka hewa, hana lākou i kā lākou hana koʻikoʻi - kahi ala kamaʻilio hou - a ma hope o kekahi manawa nalo lākou mai ka mākeke a i ʻole ke pani ʻia e kekahi hanauna hou. Eia naʻe, i kēlā me kēia manawa aia nā kaʻa e huli ana nā milestone e hiki mai ana i ka mōʻaukala automotive, e hoololi i ka aoao, e waiho ilalo nā kūlana hou o ka nani a i ʻole ke koi ʻana i nā palena ʻenehana. He aha ka mea e lilo ai lākou i ikona? I kekahi manawa hoʻolālā nani a me ka hana (e like me Ferrari 250 GTO a i ʻole Lancia Stratos), nā ʻenehana ʻenehana maʻamau (CitroënDS), kūleʻa motorsport (Alfetta, Lancia Delta Integrale), i kekahi manawa ʻokoʻa (Subaru Impreza WRX STi), ʻokoʻa (Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale) a ʻO ka hope, ke komo ʻana i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni kaulana (James Bond's Aston Martin DB5).

Me nā mea ʻokoʻa nā kaʻa kaʻao i kā mākou hiʻohiʻona, hōʻike mākou i ka hoʻonohonoho chronological - mai nā kaʻa maʻamau mua a hiki i nā mea hou aʻe hou kahiko. Hāʻawi ʻia nā makahiki o ka hoʻopuka ʻana ma ka pale.

Kaʻa Patent Benz No. 1 (1886)

Ma Iulai 3, 1886, ma ka Ringstrasse ma Mannheim, Kelemānia, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i kahi kaʻa ʻekolu huila ʻokoʻa me ka nui o 980 cm3 a me ka mana o 1,5 hp i ka lehulehu kahaha. ʻO ke kaʻa i hoʻā ʻia i ka uila a ua hoʻomalu ʻia e ka lever nāna i hoʻohuli i ka huila mua. Ua kau ʻia ka noho o ka mea hoʻokele a me ke kaʻa ma luna o ke ʻano o nā paipu kila piʻo, a ʻo nā puʻupuʻu o ke alanui i pulu ʻia e nā pūnāwai a me nā puna lau i waiho ʻia ma lalo.

Ua kūkulu ʻo Benz i ke kaʻa mua ma ka mōʻaukala me ke kālā mai ka makana a kāna wahine ʻo Bertha, ka mea, makemake e hōʻoia i ke kūkulu ʻana o kāna kāne i hiki a kūleʻa, ua uhi wiwo ʻole i ka huakaʻi 194-kilomita mai Mannheim a Pforzheim i ke kaʻa mua.

ʻO Mercedes Simplex (1902)

ʻO kēia ke kaʻa Daimler mua i kapa ʻia ʻo Mercedes, i kapa ʻia ma muli o ke kaikamahine a ka mea kālepa Austrian a me ka diplomat Emil Jellink, nāna i hāʻawi nui i ka hana ʻana o kēia kumu hoʻohālike. Ua kūkulu ʻia ka Simplex e Wilhelm Maybach, e hana ana no Daimler i kēlā manawa. He ʻano hou ke kaʻa ma nā ʻano he nui: ua kūkulu ʻia ma luna o kahi chassis kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma mua o ka lāʻau, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā bearings ma kahi o nā bearings maʻemaʻe, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka pedal accelerator i ka mana throttle manual, he ʻehā mau pahu a me kahi pahu hoʻohuli. ʻO ka mea hou nō hoʻi ka mana piha piha o ka ʻenekini Bosch 4 cc 3050-cylinder magneto.³ka mea i kūkulu i ka mana o 22 hp.

ʻO ka papa hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o Oldsmobile (1901-07) a me Ford T (1908-27)

Haʻi mākou iā Curved Dash ma aneʻi e hāʻawi i ka hōʻaiʻē - he kumu hoʻohālike, ʻaʻole Fordmanaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke kaʻa i hana nui ʻia e hui ʻia ma kahi laina hana. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kānalua ʻo Henry Ford nāna i lawe i kēia kaʻina hana hou i ka hemolele.

Ua hoʻomaka ke kipi me ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka Model T i ka makahiki 1908. ʻO kēia kaʻa maʻalahi, maʻalahi e hōʻuluʻulu a hoʻoponopono, ʻoi loa ka versatile a i hana nui ʻia (he 90 mau minuke wale nō e hōʻuluʻulu i kahi kaʻa piha!), Ua lilo ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ka mua maoli maoli. ʻāina kaʻa ma ka honua.

Ma luna o 19 mau makahiki o ka hana ʻana, ʻoi aku ma mua o 15 miliona mau kope o kēia kaʻa holomua i hana ʻia.

ʻAno Bugatti 35 (1924-30)

ʻO kēia kekahi o nā kaʻa heihei kaulana loa o ka wā interwar. Manaʻo B me 8-cylinder in-line engine me ka nui o 2,3 lita, me ke kōkua o kahi compressor Roots, ua hoʻomohala ʻo ia i ka mana o 138 hp. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Type 35 me nā huila huila mua loa i ka mōʻaukala automotive. Ma ka hapa lua o ka makahiki 20, ua lanakila kēia kaʻa kaʻa nani ma mua o hoʻokahi tausani heihei, me. ʻelima mau makahiki i ka lālani ua lanakila ʻo ia i ka Targa Florio kaulana (1925-29) a loaʻa iā ia he 17 mau lanakila ma ka Grand Prix series.

ʻO Juan Manuel Fangio e holo ana i ka Mercedes W196

ʻO Alfa Romeo 158/159 (1938-51) a me Mercedes-Benz W196 (1954-55)

Ua kaulana ʻo ia no kona nani a me kona inoa. Alfetta - Alfa Romeo kaʻa heiheii hana ʻia ma mua o ke Kaua Honua ʻElua, akā ua lanakila loa ma hope. Ua alakaʻi ʻia e nā mea like me Nino Farina lāua ʻo Juan Manuel Fangio, ʻo ka Alfetta, i hoʻohana ʻia e kahi supercharged 1,5 159-lita me 425 hp, ua lanakila i nā kau mua ʻelua o F1.

ʻO nā heihei 54 Grand Prix āna i komo ai, ua lanakila ʻo ia he 47! A laila hiki mai ke au o ke kaʻa Mercedes kaulana ʻole - W 196. Kākoʻo ʻia me nā mea ʻenehana he nui (me kahi kino magnesium alloy, hoʻokuʻu kūʻokoʻa, he 8-cylinder in-line engine me ka injection pololei, kahi manawa desmodromic, ʻo ia hoʻi. ka wehe ʻana a me ka pani ʻana i nā pahu hoʻokele camshaft) ʻaʻole like i ka makahiki 1954-55.

Beetle - ka mua "kaʻa no ka poʻe"

Volkswagen Garbus (1938-2003)

ʻO kekahi o nā kaʻa kaulana loa i ka mōʻaukala automotive, kahi kiʻi moʻomeheu pop i ʻike mau ʻia ʻo ka Beetle a i ʻole Beetle ma muli o kona silhouette kūʻokoʻa. Ua kūkulu ʻia ia i nā makahiki 30 ma ke kauoha a Adolf Hitler, nāna i koi i kahi "kaʻa kanaka" maʻalahi a maʻalahi (ʻo ia ke ʻano o kona inoa ma Kelemania, a ʻo nā "Beetles" mua i kūʻai ʻia e like me "Volkswagens"), akā hoʻomaka ka hana nui. i ka makahiki 1945 wale nō.

ʻO ka mea kākau o ka papahana, ʻo Ferdinand Porsche, ua hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka Czechoslovakian Tatra T97 i ke kiʻi ʻana i ke kino o ka Beetle. Ke hoʻohana nei ke kaʻa i ka ʻenekini pahu pahu ʻehā pahu i hoʻoluʻu ʻia i ka ea i loaʻa mua he 25 hp. Ua loli iki ka hana kino i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana mechanical a me ka uila. I ka makahiki 2003, ua kūkulu ʻia he 21 kope o kēia kaʻa kaʻa.

Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Cisitalia 202 GT ma MoMA

Cisitalia 202 GT (1948)

ʻO ka nani ʻo Cisitalia 202 sports coupe he mea holomua i ka hoʻolālā automotive, kahi hiʻohiʻona i hōʻailona i ka huli ʻana ma waena o ka hoʻolālā mua o ke kaua a ma hope o ke kaua. ʻO kēia kahi hiʻohiʻona o ke akamai kupaianaha o kāna mau mea hoʻolālā mai ka studio Italian Pininfarina, ka mea, ma muli o ka noiʻi, ua huki i kahi silhouette ikaika, proportional a me ka manawa ʻole, me ka ʻole o nā kihi superfluous, kahi o kēlā me kēia mea, me nā fenders a me nā kukui, he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi. . kino a ʻaʻole hōʻeha i kāna mau laina streamline. ʻO ka Cisitalia ke kaʻa benchmark ma ka papa Gran Turismo. I ka makahiki 1972, ua lilo ʻo ia i ʻelele mua o nā kiʻi kaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻike ʻia ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike kaulana o Modern Art (MoMA) ma New York.

Citroen 2CV (1948)

"" - no laila ua kauoha ʻo Citroën CEO Pierre Boulanger i kāna mau ʻenekinia e hoʻolālā i kahi kaʻa hou i ka hopena o 30s. A ua hoʻokō maoli lākou i kāna mau koi.

Ua kūkulu ʻia nā prototypes i ka makahiki 1939, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka ka hana a hiki i 9 mau makahiki ma hope. ʻO ka mana mua loa nā huila āpau me ka hoʻokuʻu kūʻokoʻa a me kahi ʻenekini hoʻoheheʻe ea 9 hp ʻelua pahu pahu pahu. a me ka nui hana o 375 cm3. ʻAʻole hewa ka 2CV i ka nani a me ka hōʻoluʻolu, akā he mea maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi, a maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻoponopono. Ua hoʻokele ʻia ʻo Farani - ma luna o 5,1 miliona 2CV i kūkulu ʻia i ka huina.

Ford F-Series (1948 г.)

Ford moʻo F ʻo ia ke kaʻa kaulana loa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. No nā makahiki he nui ʻo ia ma ka piko o nā helu kūʻai, a ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka hanauna o kēia manawa, ʻumikumamākolu. Ua kōkua kēia SUV maʻalahi i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mana hoʻokele waiwai o ʻAmelika. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e nā kahu hānai, nā ʻoihana, nā mākaʻi, nā mokuʻāina a me nā keʻena federal, e loaʻa iā mākou ma nā alanui āpau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

Hele mai ka pickup Ford kaulana i nā ʻano he nui a ua hana i nā metamorphoses he nui i nā makahiki i hala. Ua lako ʻia ka mana mua me nā ʻeono i loko o ka laina a me kahi ʻenekini V8 a hiki i 147 hp. Hiki i nā mea aloha efka o kēia wā ke kūʻai aku i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ka F-150 Raptor, i hoʻohana ʻia e kahi mīkini V3,5 māhoe māhoe 6-lita me 456 hp. a me 691 Nm o ka torque.

Volkswagen Transporter (mai ka makahiki 1950)

ʻO ke kaʻa hoʻouna ʻoi loa i ka mōʻaukala, i kaulana ʻia e ka poʻe hippies, nona ka ʻano o ke kamaʻāina kelepona. Kaulana "Kūkini" hana ʻia a hiki i kēia lā, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kope i kūʻai ʻia ma mua o 10 miliona. Eia naʻe,ʻo ka mea kaulana a mahalo nuiʻia,ʻo ia ka mana mua, i kapaʻiaʻo Bulli (mai nā hua'ōlelo mua o nā hua'ōlelo), i kūkuluʻia ma ke kumu o ka Beetle ma ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka mea lawe mai Dutch Volkswagen. He 750 kg ka ukana o ke kaʻa a ua hoʻohana mua ʻia e ka mīkini 25 hp. 1131 knm³.

Chevrolet Corvette (mai ka makahiki 1953)

Pane ʻAmelika i ka ʻItalia a Nā alanui Pelekane o nā makahiki 50. Hana ʻia e ka mea hoʻolālā GM kaulana ʻo Harley Earl, ua hoʻomaka ka Corvette C1 i ka makahiki 1953. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kino plastik nani, i kau ʻia ma luna o ke kiʻi kila, i loko o kahi ʻenekini 150-horsepower nāwaliwali. Hoʻomaka ke kūʻai aku i ʻekolu mau makahiki ma hope mai, i ka wā i waiho ʻia ai kahi V-ʻewalu me ka mana o 265 hp ma lalo o ka pā.

ʻO ka mea mahalo nui ʻia ʻo ka hanauna lua mua loa (1963-67) i ka mana Stingray, i hoʻolālā ʻia e Harvey Mitchell. Ua like ke kino me ka stingray, a ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona 63 he hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona e holo ana ma ke axis holoʻokoʻa o ke kaʻa a hoʻokaʻawale i ka puka makani hope i ʻelua ʻāpana.

Mercedes-Benz 300 SL Gullwing (1954-63)

ʻO kekahi o nā kaʻa nui loa i ka mōʻaukala automotive. He hana ʻenehana a stylistic. Me nā puka wehe ʻokoʻa i luna, a me nā ʻāpana o ka hale e hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā ʻēheu o ka manu lele (no laila ka inoa ʻo Gullwing, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo "gull wing"), ʻaʻole maopopo ia mai nā kaʻa haʻuki ʻē aʻe. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma ke ʻano mele o ka 300 1952 SL, i hoʻolālā ʻia e Robert Uhlenhout.

Pono ka 300 SL e māmā loa, no laila ua hana ʻia ke kino mai ke kila tubular. No ka mea, ua puni lākou i ke kaʻa holoʻokoʻa, i ka wā e hana ana ma ke alanui alanui o ka W198, ʻo ka hopena wale nō ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka puka koʻi. Ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ka Gullwing e kahi ʻenekini 3-lita ʻeono pahu i loko o ka laina me ka hoʻoheheʻe pololei ʻana o Bosch 215 hp.

Citroen DS (1955-75)

Ua kapa ʻia kēia kaʻa "déesse" ka Farani, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke akua wahine, a he huaʻōlelo pololei loa kēia, no ka mea, ʻo Citroen, i hōʻike mua ʻia i ka makahiki 1955 ma ka hōʻikeʻike ʻo Paris, ua hana i kahi manaʻo unearthly. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻokoʻa nā mea āpau e pili ana iā ia: kahi kino maʻemaʻe ākea i hoʻolālā ʻia e Flaminio Bertoni, me kahi hiʻohiʻona kokoke i ka pale alumini, nā kukui oval nani, nā hōʻailona huli hope huna ʻia i loko o nā paipu, nā fenders e uhi hapa i nā huila, a me nā ʻenehana hou. e like me ka hydropneumatic suspension no ka hōʻoluʻolu ethereal a i ʻole nā ​​kukui torsion bar māhoe i hoʻokomo ʻia mai ka makahiki 1967 no ke kukui kihi.

Fiat 500 (1957-75)

Pehea i lokoW Garbus kaʻa kaʻa Kelemānia, 2CV Farani, no laila ma Italia ka Fiat 500 i hana nui i ke kaʻa i mea liʻiliʻi e maʻalahi maʻalahi ma nā alanui haiki a piha o nā kūlanakauhale ʻo Italia, a maʻalahi hoʻi e lilo i mea ʻokoʻa i nā scooter kaulana.

ʻO ka inoa 500 mai kahi ʻenekini ʻaila hoʻoluʻu ʻelua-cylinder me ka hiki ke emi ma mua o 500cc.³. Ma luna o 18 mau makahiki o ka hana ʻana, ma kahi o 3,5 miliona mau kope i hana ʻia. Ua lanakila ʻia e ka Model 126 (ka mea i hoʻokele iā Polani) a me ka Cinquecento, a i ka makahiki 2007, i ka manawa o ka 50th anniversary o ka Model 500, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi mana hou o ka protoplast maʻamau.

Mini Cooper S - lanakila o ka 1964 Monte Carlo Rally.

Mini (mai ka makahiki 1959)

Ikona o nā makahiki 60. I ka makahiki 1959, ua hōʻoia ka hui o nā mea hoʻolālā Pelekāne i alakaʻi ʻia e Alec Issigonis e hiki ke hoʻolako pono ʻia nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi "no ka poʻe" me kahi mīkini mua. E hookomo wale i kea. ʻO ka hoʻolālā kikoʻī o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana me nā kaula hao ma kahi o nā puna lau, nā huila ākea ākea a me kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele wikiwiki i hāʻawi i ka mea hoʻokele Mini i ka leʻaleʻa hoʻokele. Maʻemaʻe a ʻeleu dwarf Pelekane ua kūleʻa i ka mākeke a loaʻa i ka nui o nā mea aloha kūpaʻa.

Ua hele mai ke kaʻa i nā ʻano kino like ʻole, akā ʻo nā kaʻa haʻuki i hoʻolālā pū ʻia me John Cooper, ʻoi aku ka Cooper S i lanakila i ka Monte Carlo Rally ma 1964, 1965 a me 1967.

ʻO James Bond (Sean Connery) a me DB5

Aston Martin DB4 (1958-63) a me DB5 (1963-65)

ʻO ka DB5 kahi GT maʻamau nani a me ke kaʻa James Bond kaulana loa., ka mea i hele pū me ia i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻehiku mai ka moʻolelo hoʻokūkū "Agent 007". Ua ʻike mua mākou iā ia ma ka pale i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo Goldfinger i ka makahiki 1964. ʻO ka DB5 kahi mana i hoʻololi ʻia o ka DB4. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o lākou aia i ka mīkini - ua hoʻonui ʻia kona neʻe ʻana mai 3700 cc.³ a i 4000 knm³. ʻOiai ke kaumaha o ka DB5 ma kahi o 1,5 tons, loaʻa iā ia ka mana o 282 hp, e hiki ai iā ia ke piʻi i ka wikiwiki a hiki i 225 km / h. Ua hana ʻia ke kino ma kahi keʻena hoʻolālā Italia.

ʻO Jaguar E-Type (1961-75)

ʻO kēia kaʻa ʻokoʻa, i hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻano haʻalulu o kēia mau lā (ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua o ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻa i noho ʻia e ka puʻupuʻu), ua hoʻolālā ʻia e Malcolm Sayer. Nui nā ʻōlelo e pili ana i ke ʻano elliptical i ka mālamalama, nā laina hanohano o ka E-Type, a me ka puʻupuʻu nui ma ka puʻupuʻu, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "Powerbulge", i pono e hoʻokomo i kahi ʻenekini ikaika, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopau i ka. silhouette kūpono.

Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Enzo Ferrari "ʻo ke kaʻa nani loa i kūkulu ʻia." Akā naʻe,ʻaʻole wale ka hoʻolālā i hoʻoholo i ka holomua o kēia kükohu. Pīhoihoi ka E-Type i kāna hana koʻikoʻi. Hoʻolako ʻia me kahi ʻenekini 6-lita 3,8-cylinder in-line me 265 hp, ua wikiwiki ʻo ia i "haneri" ma lalo o 7 kekona a ʻo kēia lā kekahi o nā mele kaulana loa i ka mōʻaukala automotive.

AC / Shelby Cobra (1962-68)

Kohu ʻO ka hui pū ʻana ma waena o ka hui Pelekane ʻo AC Cars a me ka mea hoʻolālā ʻAmelika kaulana ʻo Carroll Shelby, nāna i hoʻololi i ka mīkini 8-lita Ford V4,2 (ma hope o 4,7 lita) no kēia alanui alanui nani me kahi 300 hp. ʻO kēia ka mea i hiki ai ke hoʻoikaika i kēia kaʻa, i emi iho ma mua o hoʻokahi tona, i ka wikiwiki o 265 km / h. No ka Jaguar E-Type ka ʻokoʻa a me ka disc brakes.

Ua lanakila loa ka Cobra ma nā ʻāina ʻē, kahi i ʻike ʻia ʻo Shelby Cobra. I ka makahiki 1964, ua lanakila ka mana GT i ka 24 Hours o Le Mans. I ka makahiki 1965, ua hoʻolauna ʻia kahi ʻano hou o ka Cobra 427, me kahi kino alumini a me kahi mīkini 8 cc V6989 ikaika.³ a me 425 hp

ʻO Ferrari maikaʻi loa ka 250 GTO

Ferrari 250 GTO (1962-64)

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻano Ferrari i kahi hui o nā kaʻa hiʻona, akā i waena o kēia hui hanohano, ʻo ka 250 GTO e ʻālohilohi me ka ʻoi aku ka ikaika. I loko o ʻelua mau makahiki, ʻo 36 wale nō nā ʻāpana o kēia ʻano hoʻohālike i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia a i kēia lā ʻo ia kekahi o nā kaʻa pipiʻi loa o ka honua - ʻoi aku kona kumukūʻai ma mua o $ 70 miliona.

ʻO 250 GTO ka pane Italia i ka Jaguar E-Type. 'O ke kumu, he kükohu heihei i ho'oma'ema'e 'ia. Hoʻolakoʻia me ka 3-liter V12 engine me 300 hp, ua wikiwikiʻo ia i nā haneli i nā kekona 5,6. ʻO ka hoʻolālā kūikawā o kēia kaʻa ka hopena o ka hana a nā mea hoʻolālāʻekolu: Giotto Bizzarrini, Mauro Forghieri a me Sergio Scaglietti. No ka lilo ʻana i mea nona, ʻaʻole lawa ka lilo ʻana i miliona - pono e ʻae ʻia kēlā me kēia mea kūʻai aku e Enzo Ferrari ponoʻī.

Alpine A110 (1963-74)

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka mea kaulana Renault R8 kaʻa kaʻa. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā mīkini mai ia mea, akā ua hoʻololi ʻia e nā ʻenekinia o Alpine, kahi hui i hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1955 e ka mea hoʻolālā kaulana ʻo Jean Redele. Ma lalo o ka puʻupuʻu o ke kaʻa he ʻehā-cylinder in-line engines me ka nui o 0,9 a 1,6 liters. i 140 kekona, a wikiwiki i 110 km / h. Me kona tubular frame, sleek fiberglass bodywork, double wishbone front suspension and engine ma hope o ke axle hope, ua lilo ia i kekahi o na kaa rally maikai loa o kona au.

ʻO ka Porsche 911 kahiko loa ma hope o kahi bulkhead

Porsche 911 (mai ka makahiki 1964)

к kaʻao kaʻa a ʻo ia paha ke kaʻa haʻuki kaulana loa ma ka honua. ʻO ka ʻenehana i hoʻohana ʻia i ka 911 ua hoʻololi i nā hoʻololi he nui i kāna mau makahiki 56 o ka hana ʻana, akā ua loli iki kona ʻano manawa ʻole. ʻO nā ʻōniʻoniʻo, nā kukui pōʻai kūʻokoʻa, kahi hope hili ʻana, kahi huila pōkole a me ka hoʻokele maikaʻi loa no ka traction a me ka agility, a ʻo ka ʻenekini pahu pahu 6-cylinder ma hope ka DNA o kēia haʻuki maʻamau.

Ma waena o nā mana he nui o ka Porsche 911 i hana ʻia i kēia manawa, aia kekahi mau pōhaku maoli i makemake nui ʻia e nā mea aloha kaʻa. Aia kēia me ka 911R, Carrera RS 2.7, GT2 RS, GT3 a me nā mana āpau me nā hōʻailona Turbo a me S.

Ford GT40 (1964-69)

Ua hānau ʻia kēia mea hoʻokele kaʻao e lanakila iā Ferrari ma nā hola 24 o Le Mans. ʻIke ʻia, i ka wā i ʻae ʻole ai ʻo Enzo Ferrari i ka hui ʻana me Ford ma ke ʻano nani ʻole, ua hoʻoholo ʻo Henry Ford II i nā koina āpau e paʻi i nā ihu o nā Italia mai Maranello, nona nā kaʻa i lanakila i nā heihei i nā makahiki 50 a me 60.

ʻO Ford GT40 Mk II i nā hola 24 o Le Mans i ka makahiki 1966.

ʻAʻole i kūpono nā mana mua o ka GT40 i nā mea i manaʻo ʻia, akā i ka wā i hui pū ai ʻo Carroll Shelby lāua ʻo Ken Miles i ka papahana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi haku hana stylistic a me ka ʻenekinia: ʻo ka GT40 MkII. Hoʻolako ʻia me kahi mīkini 7-lita V8 ikaika me ka aneane 500 hp. a me ka wikiwiki o 320 km / h, ua lanakila ʻo ia i ka hoʻokūkū ma 24 1966 Hours o Le Mans, e lawe ana i ka podium holoʻokoʻa. Ua lanakila pū nā mea hoʻokele ma hope o ka huila o ka GT40 i ʻekolu kau ma ka lālani. He 105 mau kope o kēia supercar i kūkulu ʻia.

ʻO Ford Mustang (mai ka makahiki 1964) a me nā kaʻa ʻiʻo ʻAmelika ʻē aʻe

He ikona o ka ʻoihana kaʻa ʻAmelika. I ka wā i komo ai ka hanauna pēpē pēpē ma hope o ke kaua i ke kanaka makua i ka makahiki 60, ʻaʻohe kaʻa ma ka mākeke i kūpono i ko lākou mau pono a me nā moeʻuhane. He kaʻa e hōʻailona ana i ke kūʻokoʻa, ka ikaika ʻole a me ka ikaika.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Dodge Challenger z i ka makahiki 1970

ʻO Ford ka mea mua i hoʻopiha i kēia hakahaka ma ka hoʻolauna ʻana Mustanga, ka mea i nana maikaʻi, ua wikiwiki a ma ka manawa like maʻalahi no kona mau hiʻohiʻona a me kona hiki. Ua wānana ka mea hana i ka makahiki mua o ke kūʻai aku aia ma kahi o 100 mau mea kūʻai. ʻO Mustangs, i kēia manawa, ua kūʻai ʻia ʻehā mau manawa. ʻO nā mea waiwai nui nā mea nani mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana ʻana, i kaulana ʻia e ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni hoʻomana Bullitt, Shelby Mustang GT350 a me GT500, Boss 302 a me 429 a me nā hiʻohiʻona Mach I.

Pontiac Firebird Trans Am z 1978 г.в.

Ua pane koke ka hoʻokūkū o Ford me nā kaʻa kūleʻa like ʻole (a i kēia mau lā like ʻole)—Ua hoʻolauna ʻo Chevrolet i ka Camaro ma 1966, ka Dodge i 1970, ka Challenger, ka Plymouth Barracuda, ka Pontiac Firebird. I ka hihia o ka hope, ʻo ka moʻolelo nui ka lua o ka hanauna ma ka mana Trans Am (1970-81). ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o ke ʻano a me nā aliʻi pony ua like nō ia: kahi kino ākea, ʻelua mau puka, kahi hope pōkole i hoʻohuli ʻia a me kahi puʻupuʻu lōʻihi, pono e hūnā i kahi mīkini ʻewalu-cylinder V-twin me ka liʻiliʻi o 4 lita. .

Alfa Romeo Spider Duo (1966-93)

ʻO nā ʻano o kēia spider, i kaha ʻia e Battista Pininfarina, he mau manawa ʻole, no laila ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha no ka hana ʻana o ke kaʻa no 27 mau makahiki ʻaneʻane ʻaʻole loli. I kinohi nae alpha hou Ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻia, a ua hui pū ʻia nā ʻaoʻao puni o ka hihia i waena o nā Italia me ka iwi cuttlefish, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo "osso di sepia" (i kēia lā ʻo kēia mau mana ke kumu kūʻai nui loa i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana).

ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua hoʻomanaʻo ikaika ʻia kahi inoa inoa ʻē aʻe - Duetto - i ka mōʻaukala. ʻO nā koho kaʻa he nui i loaʻa ma ka Duetto, ʻo ka mea kūleʻa loa ʻo ia ka ʻenekini 1750 hp 115, e pane wikiwiki i kēlā me kēia hoʻohui o ke kinoea a kani maikaʻi.

Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale (1967-1971)

Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma ke ʻano hoʻohālike i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Tipo 33. ʻO ia ka Alfa hele alanui mua me kahi ʻenekini ma waena o ke kaʻa a me ke axle hope. ʻO kēia ʻano kikoʻī filigree ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 4 m ka lōʻihi, he 700 kg wale nō kona kaumaha a he 99 knm ke kiʻekiʻe! ʻO ia ke kumu o ka mīkini 2-lita, i hana ʻia me ka alumini-magnesium alloy, me ka nui o 8 cylinders i kahi ʻōnaehana V-shaped a me ka mana o 230 hp, e wikiwiki wikiwiki iā lākou i 260 km / h, a he "haneri" hiki i ka 5,5 kekona.

ʻO ke kino nani i hoʻolālā ʻia, aerodynamic maikaʻi loa a me ka slender ka hana a Franco Scaglione. No ka haʻahaʻa loa o ke kaʻa, ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka puka pepeke ʻokoʻa i mea e maʻalahi ai ke komo ʻana i loko. I ka manawa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai, ʻo ia ke kaʻa pipiʻi loa ma ka honua, a me nā kino 18 wale nō a me 13 mau kaʻa piha, i kēia lā ʻo ka Stradale 33 kahi mea kūʻai ʻole.

Mazda Cosmo vs. NSU Ro 80 (1967-77)

Ua lilo kēia mau kaʻa ʻelua i mea kaulana ʻaʻole no ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona (ʻoiai makemake paha ʻoe iā lākou), akā no ka ʻenehana hou ma hope o ko lākou mau puʻupuʻu. ʻO kēia ka mīkini Wankel rotary, i ʻike mua ʻia ma ka Cosmo a laila ma ka Ro 80. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mīkini kahiko, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mīkini Wankel, māmā, maʻalahi i ka hoʻolālā ʻana a mahalo ʻia i kāna moʻomeheu hana a me kāna hana. Me ka nui o ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o hoʻokahi lita, ua loaʻa iā Mazda 128 km, a me NSU 115 km. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, hiki i ka Wankel ke wāwahi ma hope o 50. km (nā pilikia me ka sila) a puhi i ka nui o ka wahie.

ʻOiai ʻo ka R0 80 he kaʻa hou loa ia i kēlā manawa (koe wale nō ka Wankel he mau disc brakes ma nā huila a pau, kahi pahu semi-aunoa, hoʻokuʻu kūʻokoʻa, crumple zones, styling wedge kumu), he 37 kope wale nō o kēia. kūʻai ʻia ke kaʻa. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o Mazda Cosmo - 398 kope wale nō i kūkulu ʻia e ka lima.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao aʻe o ka moʻolelo o nā kaʻao kaʻa kaʻa, e hoʻomanaʻo mākou i nā mea kahiko o nā 70s, 80s a me 90s o ke kenekulia XNUMX, a me nā kaʻa kaulana loa o nā makahiki ʻelua i hala.

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