Meko style swordfish

Hoʻohālike o ka frigate multi-purpose MEKO A-300 me kahi ʻōnaehana kaua hoʻohālike. Ua lilo kēia moku i kumu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻolālā manaʻo MEKO A-300PL, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka mōhai a thyssenkrupp Marine.

Nā ʻōnaehana ma ka papahana Miecznik.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Pepeluali, ua loaʻa i kahi hui o ka poʻe nūpepa Polani kahi manawa e aʻo ai e pili ana i ka manaʻo o ka hale moku Kelemania e paʻa ana i ka thyssenkrupp Marine Systems, i hoʻomākaukau ʻia no ka pane ʻana i kahi papahana e kūkulu i kahi frigate no ka Navy Polish, codenamed Miecznik. Ua kākau nui mākou e pili ana i ka ʻaoʻao ʻenehana o ka papa hana mua o ka paepae i manaʻo ʻia, ʻo ia ka MEKO A-300, ma kā mākou ʻaoʻao (WiT 10/2021 a me 11/2021), no laila e hoʻomanaʻo wale mākou i kāna mau manaʻo nui. E noʻonoʻo nui mākou i ka ʻaoʻao ʻoihana a me ka ʻoihana, a me ke ʻano hoʻohālike ʻoihana hui, kahi mea nui o ka noi Kelemania no Polani.

ʻO ka hana moku e paʻa ana iā thyssenkrupp Marine Systems GmbH (tkMS) he ʻāpana o ka hui ʻo thyssenkrupp AG. ʻO ia hoʻi ka mea nona ka Atlas Elektronik GmbH, kahi mea hana o nā ʻōnaehana uila no nā moku ʻili a me nā moku. He mea hoʻokumu pū ʻo ia i nā consortium e like me kta Naval Systems AS (tkMS, Atlas Elektronik a me Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace) no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele kaua submarine.

ʻO ka MEKO A-300 frigate he ʻelua "moku kaua", a me lākou nā ʻōnaehana pono no ke ola ʻana o ka moku a me ka hoʻomau ʻana o ke kaua. Ma nā superstructure ʻelua, ʻike ʻia nā antenna o nā ʻōnaehana uila, a ma waena o lākou nā mea hoʻolaha o nā missiles anti-ship a me nā anti-aircraft. Kuhi ʻia ka manaʻo i nā ʻaoʻao o nā ʻaoʻao, uhi ʻia me nā grids Faraday, e kaupalena ana i ka wahi kūpono o ka noʻonoʻo radar o kēia mau wahi.

ʻO ke kōpili o TKMS ma ke kahua o nā moku frigate-class i kēia manawa aia nā ʻāpana o kēia mau ʻano: MEKO A-100MB LF (light frigate), MEKO A-200 (general frigate), MEKO A-300 (multi-purpose frigate) a me F125 (ka frigate "expeditionary" i kauoha ʻia e Deutsche Marine). I loko o nā makahiki he 40 i hala iho nei, ua hana ʻia a kūkulu ʻia paha nā frigates 61 a me 16 mau ʻano corvettes a me kā lākou hoʻololi ʻana no nā ʻauwaʻa he 13 o ka honua ma ke kumu o nā papahana TKMS. ʻO kēia, 54 i kēia manawa i ka lawelawe, me 28 i ʻelima mau ʻāina NATO.

Hoʻohana ka philosophy tkMS i kahi spiral hoʻolālā evolutionary, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻano hou o ka frigate i hoʻolālā ʻia e tkMS e mālama i ka maikaʻi o kona mau mua a hoʻohui i nā ʻenehana a me nā ʻenehana a me nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻolālā.

MEKO A-300PL no ka Navy

ʻO ka manaʻo tkMS ʻo ia ka MEKO A-300PL frigate project, he ʻano ʻokoʻa ia o ka A-300 e hoʻokō nei i nā manaʻo noʻonoʻo a me ka ʻenehana mua o Mechnik. ʻO MEKO A-300 ka mea pani pololei i ʻekolu frigates: MEKO A-200 (10 mau ʻāpana i kūkulu ʻia a ma lalo o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana, ʻekolu moʻo), F125 (ʻehā i kūkulu ʻia) a me MEKO A-100MB LF (ʻehā ma lalo o ke kūkulu ʻana), a me kāna hoʻolālā e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻolālā o lākou a pau. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana MEKO i hoʻohana ʻia i kāna hoʻolālā, ʻo ia hoʻi. MEhrzweck-KOmbination (hui hui nui), he manaʻo e pili ana i ka modularity o nā mea kaua, nā mea uila a me nā mea pono ʻē aʻe i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻōnaehana kaua, i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kahi hopena kūikawā i nā pono o kahi ʻauwaʻa i hāʻawi ʻia, ka mālama ʻana a me ka hōʻemi ʻana. nā koina kūʻai a mālama.

Hōʻike ʻia ka frigate MEKO A-300 e: ka neʻe ʻana o 5900 tons, ka lōʻihi o 125,1 m, ka beam kiʻekiʻe o 19,25 m, kahi kiʻi o 5,3 m, ka wikiwiki o 27 knots, ka laulā o> 6000 nautical. mile. Ma kāna hoʻolālā, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻohana i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele CODAD (Combined Diesel And Diesel), ʻo ia ka hopena maikaʻi loa e loaʻa ai a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ola o ka frigate. Eia kekahi, mālama ia i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa o ka lōʻihi o ka mīkini a loaʻa ka hopena liʻiliʻi i ka nui a me ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻolālā frigate a me ka waiwai o kāna mau hōʻailona kino, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā infrared a me nā radar bands, e like me ka hihia me CODAG a me CODLAG . ʻōnaehana huila kinoea.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona waho e hoʻokaʻawale i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka MEKO A-300 ʻelua mau "moku kaua", ua lako kēlā me kēia me nā ʻōnaehana kūʻokoʻa e pono ai e hōʻoia i ka hana o ka ʻāpana ma hope o kona hāʻule ʻana. ʻO kēia mau mea: kahi ʻōnaehana kaua redundant, nā mana hana a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻolaha, nā ʻōnaehana propulsion, nā ʻōnaehana pale pōʻino, ka hoʻomehana ʻana, ka ea a me nā ʻōnaehana ea, a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele.

Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka frigate MEKO A-300 e kū i nā pahū i lalo o ka wai ma muli o ka pale ʻana i ka hopena a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka hopena. Ma hope o ka pahū ʻana, e mau ana ka frigate, hiki ke neʻe a hakakā (pale i ka ea, ka ʻili, ka wai a me nā hoʻoweliweli asymmetric). Hoʻolālā ʻia ka ʻāpana e like me ke ʻano o ka unsinkability, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i ka buoyancy maikaʻi ke hoʻopiha ʻia nā ʻāpana pili ʻekolu o ka hull. ʻO kekahi o nā puʻupuʻu paʻa wai nui, ʻo ia ka puʻupuʻu pahū pālua i hoʻoikaika ʻia e kū a hoʻopaʻa i ka ikehu o ka pahū a pale i ke komo lōʻihi ma muli o ka hopena. Hoʻokumu ia i ka palena i loko ma waena o ka hope a me ke kakaka "moku kaua" a me nā ʻāpana pale ʻino i mua a me hope. Ua hoʻolako pū ʻia ka frigate MEKO A-300 me nā pale ballistic.

Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka moku e like me kā Deutsche Marine's electrical redundancy philosophy, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki i nā mea hana ʻelua ke hāʻule a ua lawa ka mana uila i ka moku e hoʻokō i nā koi koʻikoʻi o ka holo ʻana, ka hoʻokele a me nā pono mana. Aia ʻehā mau mea hana ma luna o ʻelua mau mana mana, hoʻokahi ma kēlā me kēia "moku kaua". Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou e ʻelima mau ʻāpana wai, kahi e hōʻoia ai i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ke ola. Eia kekahi, i ka hopena o ka pau ʻana o ka mea kanu mana nui, hiki i ka frigate ke hoʻohana i kahi mea hoʻolalelale azimuth uila hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mīkini hoʻokele pilikia e hoʻokō i ka wikiwiki haʻahaʻa.

ʻO ka manaʻo o nā "moku kaua" ʻelua e hiki ai i ka frigate MEKO A-300 ke mālama i ka buoyancy a me ka neʻe (neʻe, ka uila, ka pale ʻino) a me kahi pae o ka hiki ke kaua (sensors, executive body, command, control and communications - C3 ) ma kekahi o nā mokupuni, inā e pio kekahi hana ma muli o ka hāʻule ʻole o ka hakakā ʻana a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻole o kēia hana ma kekahi. No laila, ʻelua mau kia nui kaʻawale a me nā poloka superstructure o ka frigate ma kēlā me kēia o nā "moku kaua" ʻelua, aia i kēlā me kēia o nā mea ʻike a me nā mea hana, a me nā mea C3 e hāʻawi i ka mana, ʻike, ka nānā ʻana a me ka hakakā ma nā wahi ʻekolu.

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka ʻenehana MEKO ka hiki ke hoʻohui i kekahi ʻōnaehana hakakā ma luna o ka frigate A-300, me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele kaua (CCS) mai kahi ākea o nā mea hoʻolako, ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mechanical non-standard, uila, hōʻailona hōʻailona. nā mea hoʻohui hoʻohui. No laila, i loko o nā ʻano he ʻumi a me nā subtypes o nā frigates a me nā corvettes i hoʻolālā ʻia a hāʻawi ʻia e TKMS i nā makahiki 30 i hala iho nei, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻōnaehana mana like ʻole mai nā mea hana like ʻole, me: Atlas Elektronik, Thales, Saab a me Lockheed Martin.

Ma nā ʻōlelo o ka ʻōnaehana kaua, ua lako pono ka MEKO A-300 frigate no ka hoʻomalu, ʻike, ʻike a me ka hakakā ʻana i nā hoʻoweliweli lele lele lōʻihi, me nā missiles ballistic tactical, ma kahi mamao o 150 km a no ka launa pū ʻana me nā pūʻali koa moana a i ʻole. kahi kahua ʻike i hoʻohui ʻia / kaua i ka ʻāpana pale ea.

Hoʻolālā ʻia ka hoʻolālā o ka MEKO A-300 e hoʻohui i kekahi missile anti-ship mai kahi mea hana komohana. ʻO kā lākou helu kiʻekiʻe he 16, ʻo ia kekahi o nā pūʻali koa ikaika loa o kona nui.

No ka ʻimi ʻana i nā submarines, ua hoʻolako ʻia ka frigate me: hull sonar, towed sonar (passive and active) a me nā mea ʻike i waho o ka moku, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā frigates me ka pūnaewele PDO (a hiki i ʻelua mau helikopter i hoʻolako ʻia me nā sonar a me nā pahu sonar, a hiki i ʻelua. He 11 mika mau waʻa kaʻa ʻole me ka sonar towed active-passive, e like me Atlas Elektronik ARCIMS). Ua hoʻolako ʻia ʻo MEKO A-300 me nā sonars Atlas Elektronik e hana ana ma nā alapine a me nā alapine kiʻekiʻe a i hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia no ka hana ma nā kūlana Baltic.

Aia nā mea kaua o ka PDO: ʻelua mau pahu torpedo māmā ʻekolu 324-mm, ʻelua Atlas Elektronik SeaHake Mod 533 4-mm torpedo kaumaha, ʻelua Atlas Elektronik SeaSpider ʻehā mau pahu anti-torpedo, ʻehā Rheinmetall MASS EM / IR anti-torpedo paipu. . Hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻōnaehana PDO o ka frigate MEKO A-300 no ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Baltic. ʻO ke ʻano kahakai o kēia kino wai, a me nā kūlana hydrological a me ka hele ʻana o ka reverberation, pono e hoʻohana i nā sonars o ke alapine kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā moku e holo ana i ka moana hohonu.